Machine Learning-Based Shear Wave Elastography Elastic Index (SWEEI) in Predicting Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Comparative Analysis of Five Practical Prediction Models

References

• Xu X, Jing J. Advances on circRNAs contribute to carcinogenesis and progression in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11:555243. doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.555243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabanillas ME, McFadden DG, Durante C. Thyroid cancer. Lancet. 2016;388(10061):2783–2795. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30172-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitahara CM, Sosa JA. The changing incidence of thyroid cancer. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2016;12(11):646–653. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2016.110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fagin JA, Wells SA Jr. Biologic and clinical perspectives on thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(11):1054–1067. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1501993
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunavisarut T. Diagnostic biomarkers of differentiated thyroid cancer. Endocrine. 2013;44(3):616–622. doi:10.1007/s12020-013-9974-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brito JP, Hay ID. Management of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2019;48(1):199–213. doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2018.10.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasileiadis I, Boutzios G, Karalaki M, Misiakos E, Karatzas T. Papillary thyroid carcinoma of the isthmus: total thyroidectomy or isthmusectomy? Am J Surg. 2018;216(1):135–139. doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.09.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saravana-Bawan B, Bajwa A, Paterson J, McMullen T. Active surveillance of low-risk papillary thyroid cancer: a meta-analysis. Surgery. 2020;167(1):46–55. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2019.03.040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong Y, Zhang J, Wei Y, et al. Ultrasound-based radiomics analysis for preoperative prediction of central and lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a multi-institutional study. BMC Med Imaging. 2022;22(1):82. doi:10.1186/s12880-022-00809-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu J, Deng Y, Liu T, et al. Lymph node metastasis prediction of papillary thyroid carcinoma based on transfer learning radiomics. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):4807. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18497-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang HS, Orloff LA. Efficacy of preoperative neck ultrasound in the detection of cervical lymph node metastasis from thyroid cancer. Laryngoscope. 2011;121(3):487–491. doi:10.1002/lary.21227
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solorzano CC, Carneiro DM, Ramirez M, Lee TM, Irvin GL 3rd. Surgeon-performed ultrasound in the management of thyroid malignancy. Am Surg. 2004;70(7):576–580; discussion 580–572.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stulak JM, Grant CS, Farley DR, et al. Value of preoperative ultrasonography in the surgical management of initial and reoperative papillary thyroid cancer. Arch Surg. 2006;141(5):489–494; discussion 494–486. doi:10.1001/archsurg.141.5.489
   Google Scholar
• O’Connell K, Yen TW, Quiroz F, Evans DB, Wang TS. The utility of routine preoperative cervical ultrasonography in patients undergoing thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer. Surgery. 2013;154(4):697–701; discussion 701–693. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2013.06.040
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gatz M, Betsch M, Dirrichs T, et al. Eccentric and isometric exercises in achilles tendinopathy evaluated by the VISA-A score and shear wave elastography. Sports Health. 2020;12(4):373–381. doi:10.1177/1941738119893996
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Herrmann E, de Lédinghen V, Cassinotto C, et al. Assessment of biopsy-proven liver fibrosis by two-dimensional shear wave elastography: an individual patient data-based meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2018;67(1):260–272. doi:10.1002/hep.29179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heo J, Yoon JG, Park H, Kim YD, Nam HS, Heo JH. Machine learning-based model for prediction of outcomes in acute stroke. Stroke. 2019;50(5):1263–1265. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.024293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalafi EY, Nor NAM, Taib NA, Ganggayah MD, Town C, Dhillon SK. Machine learning and deep learning approaches in breast cancer survival prediction using clinical data. Folia biologica. 2019;65(5–6):212–220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deo RC. Machine learning in medicine. Circulation. 2015;132(20):1920–1930. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.001593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin X, Zhang M, Wang X. Supervised learning algorithm for multilayer spiking neural networks with long-term memory spike response model. Comput Intell Neurosci. 2021;2021:8592824. doi:10.1155/2021/8592824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Zhai M, Ren Z, et al. Exploratory study on classification of diabetes mellitus through a combined random forest classifier. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2021;21(1):105. doi:10.1186/s12911-021-01471-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kriegeskorte N, Golan T. Neural network models and deep learning. Current Biol. 2019;29(7):R231–r236. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.02.034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhosale H, Ramakrishnan V, Jayaraman VK. Support vector machine-based prediction of pore-forming toxins (PFT) using distributed representation of reduced alphabets. J Bioinform Comput Biol. 2021;19(5):2150028. doi:10.1142/S0219720021500281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chern CC, Chen YJ, Hsiao B. Decision tree-based classifier in providing telehealth service. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2019;19(1):104. doi:10.1186/s12911-019-0825-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheridan RP, Wang M, Liaw A, Ma J, Gifford E. Correction to extreme gradient boosting as a method for quantitative structure-activity relationships. J Chem Inf Model. 2020;60(3):1910. doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: the American Thyroid Association guidelines task force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2016;26(1):1–133. doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langworthy BW, Stephens RL, Gilmore JH, Fine JP. Canonical correlation analysis for elliptical copulas. J Multivar Anal. 2021;183:104515.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheumann GF, Gimm O, Wegener G, Hundeshagen H, Dralle H. Prognostic significance and surgical management of locoregional lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid cancer. World J Surg. 1994;18(4):559–567; discussion 567–558. doi:10.1007/BF00353765
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gambardella C, Patrone R, Di Capua F, et al. The role of prophylactic central compartment lymph node dissection in elderly patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: a multicentric study. BMC Surg. 2019;18(Suppl 1):110. doi:10.1186/s12893-018-0433-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Docimo G, Tolone S, Ruggiero R, et al. Total thyroidectomy without prophylactic central neck dissection combined with routine oral calcium and vitamin D supplements: is it a good option to achieve a low recurrence rate avoiding hypocalcemia? A retrospective study. Minerva Chir. 2013;68(3):321–328.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girolami I, Pantanowitz L, Mete O, et al. Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a potential biomarker of disease-free survival in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of PD-L1 immunoexpression in follicular epithelial derived thyroid carcinoma. Endocr Pathol. 2020;31(3):291–300. doi:10.1007/s12022-020-09630-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marotta V, Sciammarella C, Chiofalo MG, et al. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis predicts outcome in intrathyroidal papillary thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2017;24(9):485–493. doi:10.1530/ERC-17-0085
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nie X, Tan Z, Ge M, Jiang L, Wang J, Zheng C. Risk factors analyses for lateral lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinomas: a retrospective study of 356 patients. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(5):492–499. doi:10.1590/2359-3997000000218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roh JL, Kim JM, Park CI. Central lymph node metastasis of unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma: patterns and factors predictive of nodal metastasis, morbidity, and recurrence. Ann Surg Oncol. 2011;18(8):2245–2250. doi:10.1245/s10434-011-1600-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Y, Chen C, Chen Z, et al. Prediction of central compartment lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2014;81(2):282–288. doi:10.1111/cen.12417
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girolami I, Marletta S, Pantanowitz L, et al. Impact of image analysis and artificial intelligence in thyroid pathology, with particular reference to cytological aspects. Cytopathology. 2020;31(5):432–444. doi:10.1111/cyt.12828
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul A, Mukherjee DP, Das P, Gangopadhyay A, Chintha AR, Kundu S. Improved random forest for classification. IEEE Transact Image Proc. 2018;27(8):4012–4024. doi:10.1109/TIP.2018.2834830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang L, Wu H, Jin X, et al. Study of cardiovascular disease prediction model based on random forest in eastern China. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):5245. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-62133-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratheeba C, Singh NN, Novel A. Approach for detection of hard exudates using random forest classifier. J Med Syst. 2019;43(7):180. doi:10.1007/s10916-019-1310-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deist TM, Dankers F, Valdes G, et al. Machine learning algorithms for outcome prediction in (chemo) radiotherapy: an empirical comparison of classifiers. Med Phys. 2018;45(7):3449–3459. doi:10.1002/mp.12967
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar