Impact of Comorbidities and Commonly Used Drugs on Mortality in COPD – Real-World Data from a Primary Care Setting

References

• NaghaviM, AbajobirAA, AbbafatiC, et al. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2017;390(10100):1151–1210. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32152-928919116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StallbergB, JansonC, JohanssonG, et al. Management, morbidity and mortality of COPD during an 11-year period: an observational retrospective epidemiological register study in Sweden (PATHOS). Prim Care Respir J. 2014;23(1):38–45. doi:10.4104/pcrj.2013.0010624346825
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). From the global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention ofchronic obstructive lung disease, 2019 report. Available from: http://goldcopd.org. Accessed September 2, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• DivoM, CoteC, de TorresJP, et al. Comorbidities and risk of mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012;186:155– 161.22561964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MillerJ, EdwardsLD, AgustiA, et al. Comorbidity, systemic inflammation and outcomes in the ECLIPSE cohort. Respir Med. 2013;107(9):1376–1384. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2013.05.00123791463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BatyF, PutoraPM, IsenringB, BlumT, BrutscheM. Comorbidities and burden of COPD: a population based case-control study. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63285. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.006328523691009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StallbergB, JansonC, LarssonK, et al. Real-world retrospective cohort study ARCTIC shows burden of comorbidities in Swedish COPD versus non-COPD patients. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2018;28(1):33. doi:10.1038/s41533-018-0101-y30202023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CalverleyPM, AndersonJA, CelliB, et al. Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(8):775–789. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa06307017314337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VestboJ, AndersonJA, BrookRD, et al. Fluticasone furoate and vilanterol and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with heightened cardiovascular risk (SUMMIT): a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2016;387(10030):1817–1826. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30069-127203508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KewKM, MavergamesC, WaltersJA. Long-acting beta2-agonists for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;10:Cd010177. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010177.pub2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KarnerC, ChongJ, PooleP. Tiotropium versus placebo for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;7:CD009285. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009285.pub3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DuQ, SunY, DingN, LuL, ChenY. Beta-blockers reduced the risk of mortality and exacerbation in patients with COPD: a meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One. 2014;9:e113048. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.011304825427000
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MortensenEM, CopelandLA, PughMJ, et al. Impact of statins and ACE inhibitors on mortality after COPD exacerbations. Respir Res. 2009;10:45. doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-4519493329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PavasiniR, BiscagliaS, d’AscenzoF, et al. Antiplatelet treatment reduces all-cause mortality in COPD patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Copd. 2016;13(4):509–514. doi:10.3109/15412555.2015.109962026678708
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CrinerGJ, ConnettJE, AaronSD, et al. Simvastatin for the prevention of exacerbations in moderate-to-severe COPD. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(23):2201–2210. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa140308624836125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MiniatiM, MontiS, PavlickovaI, BottaiM. Survival in COPD: impact of lung dysfunction and comorbidities. Medicine (Baltimore). 2014;93(12):e76. doi:10.1097/MD.000000000000007625211048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SidneyS, SorelM, QuesenberryCP Jr, DeLuiseC, LanesS, EisnerMD. COPD and incident cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and mortality: Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program. Chest. 2005;128(4):2068–2075. doi:10.1378/chest.128.4.206816236856
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LarssonK, JansonC, LisspersK, et al. Combination of budesonide/formoterol more effective than fluticasone/salmeterol in preventing exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the PATHOS study. J Intern Med. 2013;273(6):584–594. doi:10.1111/joim.2013.273.issue-623495860
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JansonC, LarssonK, LisspersKH, et al. Pneumonia and pneumonia related mortality in patients with COPD treated with fixed combinations of inhaled corticosteroid and long acting beta2 agonist: observational matched cohort study (PATHOS). BMJ. 2013;346:f3306. doi:10.1136/bmj.f116423719639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LisspersK, JohanssonG, JanssonC, et al. Improvement in COPD management by access to asthma/COPD clinics in primary care: data from the observational PATHOS study. Respir Med. 2014;108(9):1345–1354. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2014.06.00225002194
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SandelinM, MindusS, ThuressonM, et al. Factors associated with lung cancer in COPD patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:1833–1839. doi:10.2147/COPD.S16248429922050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MartinellM, StålhammarJ, HallqvistJ. Automated data extraction – a feasible way to construct patient registers of primary care utilization. Ups J Med Sci. 2012;117(1):52–56. doi:10.3109/03009734.2011.65301522335391
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CharlsonME, PompeiP, AlesKL, MacKenzieCR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–383. doi:10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-83558716
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• QuanH, SundararajanV, HalfonP, et al. Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data. Med Care. 2005;43(11):1130–1139. doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.8316224307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SinDD, WuL, AndersonJA, et al. Inhaled corticosteroids and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2005;60(12):992–997. doi:10.1136/thx.2005.04538516227327
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HalpinDMG, PetersonS, LarssonTP, CalverleyPMA. Identifying COPD patients at increased risk of mortality: predictive value of clinical study baseline data. Respir Med. 2007;102(11):1615–1624. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2008.05.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacieC, WooldrageK, ManfredaJ, AnthonisenNR. Inhaled corticosteroids and mortality in COPD. Chest. 2006;130(3):640–646. doi:10.1378/chest.130.3.64016963657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JenkinsCR, JonesPW, CalverleyPM, et al. Efficacy of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate by GOLD stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: analysis from the randomised, placebo-controlled TORCH study. Respir Res. 2009;10(1):59. doi:10.1186/1465-9921-10-5919566934
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OshagbemiOA, FranssenFME, BraekenDCW, et al. Blood eosinophilia, use of inhaled corticosteroids, and risk of COPD exacerbations and mortality. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2018;27(11):1191–1199. doi:10.1002/pds.465530264901
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CelliB, DecramerM, KestenS, et al. Mortality in the 4-year trial of tiotropium (UPLIFT) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;180(10):948–955. doi:10.1164/rccm.200906-0876OC19729663
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HalpinDM, DahlR, HallmannC, MuellerA, TashkinD. Tiotropium HandiHaler((R)) and Respimat((R)) in COPD: a pooled safety analysis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2015;10:239–259. doi:10.2147/COPD.S7514625709423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WiseRA, AnzuetoA, CottonD, et al. Tiotropium respimat inhaler and the risk of death in COPD. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(16):1491–1501. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa130334223992515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PooleP, SathananthanK, FortescueR. Mucolytic agents versus placebo for chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;5. doi:10.1002/14651858.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LindbergA, SawalhaS, HedmanL, LarssonLG, LundbackB, RonmarkE. Subjects with COPD and productive cough have an increased risk for exacerbations and death. Respir Med. 2015;109(1):88–95. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2014.12.00125528948
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AndellP, ErlingeD, SmithJG, et al. β-blocker use and mortality in COPD patients after myocardial infarction: a Swedish nationwide observational study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015;4(4):e001611. doi:10.1161/JAHA.114.00161125854796
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DransfieldMT, VoelkerH, BhattSP, et al. Metoprolol for the prevention of acute exacerbations of COPD. N Engl J Med. 2019;381:2304–2314. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa190814231633896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HeddiniA, SundhJ, EkströmM, JansonC. Effectiveness trials: critical data to help understand how respiratory medicines really work? Eur Clin Respir J. 2019;6(1):1565804. doi:10.1080/20018525.2019.156580430728925
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EkstromMP, HermanssonAB, StromKE. Effects of cardiovascular drugs on mortality in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;187(7):715–720. doi:10.1164/rccm.201208-1565OC23328521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AaronCP, SchwartzJE, HoffmanEA, et al. A longitudinal cohort study of aspirin use and progression of emphysema-like lung characteristics on CT imaging: the MESA lung study. Chest. 2018;154(1):41–50. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2017.11.03129246770
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HeY, ZhengY, XuC, et al. Sertraline hydrochloride treatment for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with depression: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Respir J. 2016;10(3):318–325. doi:10.1111/crj.1221925308771
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VozorisNT, WangX, AustinPC, et al. Serotonergic antidepressant use and morbidity and mortality among older adults with COPD. Eur Respir J. 2018;52:1. doi:10.1183/13993003.00475-2018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MignognaJ, CullyJ. Depression and anxiety in patients with COPD: a focus on psychological treatments in ambulatory care settings. Curr Respir Med Rev. 2012;8:137–144. doi:10.2174/157339812799859743
   Google Scholar
• YamauchiY, YasunagaH, SakamotoY, et al. Mortality associated with bone fractures in COPD patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2016;11:2335–2340. doi:10.2147/COPD.S11214227703343
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnthonisenNR, WrightEC, HodgkinJE. Prognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986;133(1):14–20. doi:10.1164/arrd.1986.133.1.143510578
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de TorresJP, CoteCG, LopezMV, et al. Sex differences in mortality in patients with COPD. Eur Respir J. 2009;33(3):528–535. doi:10.1183/09031936.0009610819047315
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GershonAS, DolmageTE, StephensonA, JacksonB. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and socioeconomic status: a systematic review. Copd. 2012;9(3):216–226. doi:10.3109/15412555.2011.64803022497534
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LangeP, ÇolakY, IngebrigtsenTS, VestboJ, MarottJL. Long-term prognosis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap in the Copenhagen City Heart study: a prospective population-based analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2016;4(6):454–462. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(16)00098-927061878
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CosioBG, SorianoJB, López-CamposJL, et al. Defining the asthma-COPD overlap syndrome in a COPD cohort. CHEST. 2016;149(1):45–52. doi:10.1378/chest.15-105526291753
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SorinoC, PedoneC, ScichiloneN. Fifteen-year mortality of patients with asthma-COPD overlap syndrome. Eur J Intern Med. 2016;34:72–77. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2016.06.02027357368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar