Prescribing Pathways to Triple Therapy: A Retrospective Observational Study of Adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the UK

References

• British Lung Foundation. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) statistics. Available from: https://statistics.blf.org.uk/copd. Accessed 128, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: diagnosis and management. NICE guideline [NG115]; 2018 Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng115. Accessed 123, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2020 report); 2020 Available from: https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/GOLD-2020-REPORT-ver1.0wms.pdf. Accessed 128, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Guideline scope: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: diagnosis and management (update); 2017 Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng115/documents/draft-scope. Accessed 128, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• KauppiP, KupiainenH, LindqvistA, et al. Overlap syndrome of asthma and COPD predicts low quality of life. J Asthma. 2011;48(3):279–285. doi:10.3109/02770903.2011.55557621323613
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HurstJR, VestboJ, AnzuetoA, et al. Susceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(12):1128–1138.20843247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-RoisinR, RabeKF, VestboJ, VogelmeierC, AgustiA. Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 20th anniversary: a brief history of time. Eur Respir J. 2017;50(1):1700671. doi:10.1183/13993003.00671-201728679615
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. 2011 Report: global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD; 2011 Available from: https://goldcopd.org/archived-reports/. Accessed 628, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• KaplanAG. Applying the wisdom of stepping down inhaled corticosteroids in patients with COPD: a proposed algorithm for clinical practice. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2015;10:2535–2548. doi:10.2147/COPD.S9332126648711
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WurstKE, PunekarYS, ShuklaA, HartlD. Treatment evolution after COPD diagnosis in the UK primary care setting. PLoS One. 2014;9(9):e105296. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.010529625180802
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HurstJR, DilleenM, MorrisK, HillsS, EmirB, JonesR. Factors influencing treatment escalation from long-acting muscarinic antagonist monotherapy to triple therapy in patients with COPD: a retrospective THIN-database analysis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:781–792. doi:10.2147/COPD.S15365529551894
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PriceD, WestD, BrusselleG, et al. Management of COPD in the UK primary-care setting: an analysis of real-life prescribing patterns. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2014;9:889–905. doi:10.2147/COPD.S6275025210450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BrusselleG, PriceD, Gruffydd-JonesK, et al. The inevitable drift to triple therapy in COPD: an analysis of prescribing pathways in the UK. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2015;10:2207–2217.26527869
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• QuintJK, O’LearyC, VenerusA, et al. Prescribing pathways to triple therapy: a multi-country, retrospective observational study of adult patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulm Ther. 2020. doi:10.1007/s41030-020-00132-7
   Google Scholar
• BlakBT, ThompsonM, DattaniH, BourkeA. Generalisability of The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database: demographics, chronic disease prevalence and mortality rates. Inform Prim Care. 2011;19(4):251–255.22828580
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• HerrettE, GallagherAM, BhaskaranK, et al. Data resource profile: Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Int J Epidemiol. 2015;44(3):827–836. doi:10.1093/ije/dyv09826050254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NHS Digital. Hospital episode statistics. Available from: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-tools-and-services/data-services/hospital-episode-statistics. Accessed 123, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• RothnieKJ, MüllerováH, HurstJR, et al. Validation of the recording of acute exacerbations of COPD in UK primary care electronic healthcare records. PLoS One. 2016;11(3):e0151357. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.015135726959820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. 2015 report: global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of COPD; 2015 Available from: https://goldcopd.org/archived-reports/. Accessed 14, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• SehlJ, O’DohertyJ, O’ConnorR, O’SullivanB, O’ReganA. Adherence to COPD management guidelines in general practice? A review of the literature. Ir J Med Sci. 2018;187(2):403–407. doi:10.1007/s11845-017-1651-728735500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BargielA, ObojskiA. Impact of the GOLD 2011 guidelines on treatment regimen in COPD patients. Eur Respir J. 2015;46(suppl.59):PA3939.
   Google Scholar
• LipsonDA, BarnhartF, BrealeyN, et al. Once-daily single-inhaler triple versus dual therapy in patients with COPD. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(18):1671–1680. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa171390129668352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PapiA, VestboJ, FabbriL, et al. Extrafine inhaled triple therapy versus dual bronchodilator therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRIBUTE): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2018;391(10125):1076–1084. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30206-X29429593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FergusonGT, RabeKF, MartinezFJ, et al. Triple therapy with budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate with co-suspension delivery technology versus dual therapies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (KRONOS): a double-blind, parallel-group, multicentre, Phase 3 randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2018;6(10):747–758.30232048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RabeKF, MartinezFJ, FergusonGT, et al. Triple inhaled therapy at two glucocorticoid doses in moderate-to-very-severe COPD. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(1):35–48. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa191604632579807
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FordES, ManninoDM, GilesWH, et al. Prescription practices for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: findings from the national ambulatory medical care survey 1999–2010. COPD. 2014;11:247–255.24568285
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BloomCI, ElkinSL, QuintJK. Changes in COPD inhaler prescriptions in the United Kingdom, 2000 to 2016. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2019;14:279–287. doi:10.2147/COPD.S19008630774325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BattistiWP, WagerE, BaltzerL, et al. Good publication practice for communicating company-sponsored medical research: GPP3. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163(6):461–464. doi:10.7326/M15-028826259067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar