References
- Sobradillo PenaVMiravitllesMGabrielRGeographical variations in prevalence and underdiagnosis of COPD. Results of the IBERPOC multicentre epidemiological studyChest2000118981911035667
- SeemungalTARDonaldsonGCPaulEAEffect of exacerbation on quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med19981571418229603117
- MiravitllesMFerrerMPontAthe IMPAC study groupExacerbations impair quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A two-year follow-up studyThorax2004593879515115864
- LlorCMolinaJNaberanKon behalf of the EVOCA studyExacerbations worsen the quality of life of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in primary healthcareInt J Clin Pract2008625859218266710
- DonaldsonGCSeemungalTABhowmikARelationship between exacerbation frequency and lung function decline in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseThorax2002578475212324669
- MiravitllesMMurioCGuerreroTon behalf of the DAFNE study groupPharmacoeconomic evaluation of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and COPDChest200212114495512006427
- BurrowsBBloomJWTraverGAThe course and prognosis of different forms of chronic airways obstruction in a sample from the general populationN Engl J Med19873171309143683459
- MonsóERuizJRosellABacterial infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A study of stable and exacerbated outpatients using the protected specimen brushAm J Respir Crit Care Med19951524 Pt 113166207551388
- SeemungalTAHarper-OwenRBhowmikARespiratory viruses, symptoms, and inflammatory markers in acute exacerbations and stable chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med200116416182311719299
- RohdeGWiethegeABorgIRespiratory viruses in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring hospitalisation: a case-control studyThorax200358374212511718
- PapiABellettatoCMBraccioniFInfections and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severe exacerbationsAm J Respir Crit Care Med200617311142116484677
- MiravitllesMEpidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbationsClin Pulm Med200291917
- MiravitllesMEspinosaCFernández-LasoEStudy Group of Bacterial Infection in COPDRelationship between bacterial flora in sputum and functional impairment in patients with acute exacerbations of COPDChest199911640610424501
- AnthonisenNRManfredaJWarrenCPWAntibiotic therapy in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAnn Intern Med19871061962043492164
- PuhanMAVollenweiderDLatshangTExacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: When are antibiotics indicated? A systematic reviewRespir Res2007883017263874
- MiravitllesMExacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: when are bacteria important?Eur Respir J200220Suppl 369s19s
- DimopoulosGSiemposIIKorbilaIPComparison of first-line with second-line antibiotics for acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. A metaanalysis of randomized controlled trialsChest20071324475517573508
- Pérez-TralleroEGarcía de la FuenteCGarcía-ReyCSpanish Surveillance Group for Respiratory PathogensGeographical and ecological analysis of resistance, coresistance, and coupled resistance to antimicrobials in respiratory pathogenic bacteria in SpainAntimicrob Agents Chemother20054919657215855520
- FerechMCoenenSMalhotra-KumarSESAC Project GroupEuropean surveillance of antimicrobial consumption (ESAC): outpatient antibiotic use in EuropeJ Antimicrob Chemother200658401716735414
- WoodheadMBlasiFEwigSGuidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infectionsEur Respir J20052611388016319346
- MiravitllesMMonsóEMensaJAntimicrobial treatment of exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 2007 consensus statementArch Bronconeumol200844100818361876
- LlorCCotsJMHerrerasABacterial etiology of chronic bronchitis exacerbations treated by primary care physiciansArch Bronconeumol2006423889316948991
- JohnsonPHMacfarlaneJTHumphreysHHow is sputum microbiology used in general practice?Respir Med1996908788730326
- AdamsSGMeloJLutherMAntibiotics are associated with lower relapse rates in outpatients with acute exacerbations of COPDChest200011713455210807821
- MiravitllesMLlorCNaberanKVariables associated with recovery from acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseRespir Med2005999556515950136
- WilsonRAllegraLHuchonGShort and long-term outcomes of moxifloxacin compared to standard antibiotic treatment in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitisChest20041259536415006954
- Alvarez-SalaJLKardosPMartinez-BeltranJClinical and bacteriological efficacy in treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis with cefditoren-pivoxil versus cefuroxime-axetilAntimicrob Agents Chemother2006501762716641447
- WilsonRKubinRBallinIFive day moxifloxacin therapy compared with 7 day clarithromycin therapy for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitisJ Antimicrob Chemother1999445011310588312
- MiravitllesMTorresANo more equivalence trials for antibiotics in exacerbations of COPD, pleaseChest20041258111315006934
- MiravitllesMDo we need new antibiotics for treating exacerbations of COPD?Ther Adv Respir Dis20071617619124348
- BobadillaAGuerraSSherrillDHow accurate is the self-reported diagnosis of chronic bronchitis?Chest20021221234912377847
- ChodoshSDeAbateCAHaverstockDShort-course moxifloxacin therapy for treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitisRespir Med200094182710714475
- EvansATHusainSDurairajLAzithromycin for acute bronchitis: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trialLancet200235916485412020525
- TurckDBernetJPMarxJIncidence and risk factors of oral antibiotic-associated diarrhea in an outpatient pediatric populationJ Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr20033722612827001
- HobermanAParadiseJLBurchDLEquivalent efficacy and reduced occurrence of diarrhea from a new formulation of amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (Augmentin) for treatment of acute otitis media in childrenPediatr Infect Dis J199716463709154538
- GeorgopoulosABorekMRidlWthe Amoxycillin Bronchitis Study GroupRandomized, double-blind, double-dummy study comparing the efficacy and safety of amoxycillin 1 g bd with amoxycillin 500 mg tds in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitisJ Antimicrob Chemother200147677611152433
- MertensJvan BarneveldPAsinHDouble-blind randomised study comparing the efficacies and safeties of a short (3-day) course of azithromycin and a 5-day course of amoxicillin in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitisAntimicrob Agents Chemother199236145691324645
- MonsóEGarcía-AymerichJSolerNBacterial infection in exacerbated COPD with changes in sputum characteristicsEpidemiol Infect200313179980412948381
- EllerJEdeASchabergTInfective exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Relation between bacteriologic etiology and lung functionChest1998113154289631791
- JacobsMRFelminghamDAppelbaumPCThe Alexander Project GroupThe Alexander Project 1998–2000: susceptibility of pathogens isolated from community-acquired respiratory tract infection to commonly used antimicrobial agentsJ Antimicrob Chemother2003522294612865398
- BeekmannSEHeilmannKPRichterSSthe GRASP StudyAntimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and group A β-haemolytic streptococci in 2002–2003 Results of the multinational GRASP Surveillance ProgramInt J Antimicrob Agents2005251485615664485
- MorrisseyIColcloughANorthwoodJTARGETed surveillance: susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from community-acquired respiratory tract infections in 2003 to fluoroquinolones and other agentsInt J Antimicrob Agents2007303455117643269
- BallPHarrisJMLowsonDAcute infective exacerbations of chronic bronchitisQJM1995886187894990
- MiravitllesMMurioCGuerreroTon behalf of the DAFNE Study GroupFactors associated with relapse after ambulatory treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. A prospective multicenter study in the communityEur Respir J2001179283311488328
- WilsonRJonesPSchabergTAntibiotic treatment and factors influencing short and long term outcomes of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitisThorax2006613374216449273