Serum miR-503 is a Candidate Biomarker for Differentiating Metabolic Healthy Obesity from Metabolic Unhealthy Obesity

References

• Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2013. Lancet. 2014;384:766–781. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdelaal M, le Roux CW, Docherty NG. Morbidity and mortality associated with obesity. Ann Transl Med. 2017;5:161. doi:10.21037/atm.2017.03.107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kearns K, Dee A, Fitzgerald AP, Doherty E, Perry IJ. Chronic disease burden associated with overweight and obesity in Ireland: the effects of a small BMI reduction at population level. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:143. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA. 2003;289:76–79. doi:10.1001/jama.289.1.76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Primeau V, Coderre L, Karelis AD, et al. Characterizing the profile of obese patients who are metabolically healthy. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011;35:971–981. doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.216
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samocha-Bonet D, Dixit VD, Kahn CR, et al. Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese–the 2013 stock conference report. Obes Rev. 2014;15:697–708. doi:10.1111/obr.12199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathew H, Farr OM, Mantzoros CS. Metabolic health and weight: understanding metabolically unhealthy normal weight or metabolically healthy obese patients. Metabolism. 2016;65:73–80. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2015.10.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bays HE. Adiposopathy is “sick fat” a cardiovascular disease? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:2461–2473. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.02.038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo L, Liu M. Adipose tissue in control of metabolism. J Endocrinol. 2016;231:R77–R99. doi:10.1530/JOE-16-0211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bays H. Adiposopathy, “sick fat,” Ockham’s razor, and resolution of the obesity paradox. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2014;16:409. doi:10.1007/s11883-014-0409-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heilbronn L, Smith SR, Ravussin E. Failure of fat cell proliferation, mitochondrial function and fat oxidation results in ectopic fat storage, insulin resistance and type II diabetes mellitus. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28(Suppl 4):S12–21. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802853
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kong Y, Zhang S, Wu R, et al. New insights into different adipokines in linking the pathophysiology of obesity and psoriasis. Lipids Health Dis. 2019;18:171. doi:10.1186/s12944-019-1115-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sun W, Dong H, Becker AS, et al. Cold-induced epigenetic programming of the sperm enhances brown adipose tissue activity in the offspring. Nat Med. 2018;24(9):1372–1383. doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0102-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo Y, Tang CY, Man XF, et al. Insulin receptor substrate-1 time-dependently regulates bone formation by controlling collagen Ialpha2 expression via miR-342. FASEB J. 2016;30:4214–4226. doi:10.1096/fj.201600445RR
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Man XF, Tan SW, Tang HN, et al. MiR-503 inhibits adipogenesis by targeting bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1a. Am J Transl Res. 2016;8:2727–2737.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tang CY, Man XF, Guo Y, et al. IRS-2 partially compensates for the insulin signal defects in IRS-1(-/-) mice mediated by miR-33. Mol Cells. 2017;40:123–132. doi:10.14348/molcells.2017.2228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ambros V. The functions of animal microRNAs. Nature. 2004;431:350–355. doi:10.1038/nature02871
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heneghan HM, Miller N, McAnena OJ, O’Brien T, Kerin MJ. Differential miRNA expression in omental adipose tissue and in the circulation of obese patients identifies novel metabolic biomarkers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:E846–850. doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2701
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortega FJ, Mercader JM, Catalan V, et al. Targeting the circulating microRNA signature of obesity. Clin Chem. 2013;59:781–792. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2012.195776
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snowhite IV, Allende G, Sosenko J, Pastori RL, Messinger Cayetano S, Pugliese A. Association of serum microRNAs with islet autoimmunity, disease progression and metabolic impairment in relatives at risk of type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2017;60:1409–1422. doi:10.1007/s00125-017-4294-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Caestecker M. The transforming growth factor-β superfamily of receptors. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2004;15:1–11. doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2003.10.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guiu-Jurado E, Unthan M, Bohler N, et al. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) may contribute to partition of energy storage into visceral and subcutaneous fat depots. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2016;24:2092–2100. doi:10.1002/oby.21571
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Qian SW, Tang Y, Li X, et al. BMP4-mediated brown fat-like changes in white adipose tissue alter glucose and energy homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2013;110:E798–807. doi:10.1073/pnas.1215236110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulz TJ, Huang P, Huang TL, et al. Brown-fat paucity due to impaired BMP signalling induces compensatory browning of white fat. Nature. 2013;495:379–383. doi:10.1038/nature11943
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qingxian C, Fengjuan C, Tao W, et al. Obesity and COVID-19 severity in a designated hospital in Shenzhen, China. Diabetes Care. 2020;43:1392–1398. doi:10.2337/dc20-0576
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gautier A, Bonnet F, Dubois S, et al. Associations between visceral adipose tissue, inflammation and sex steroid concentrations in men. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2013;78:373–378. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04401.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labruna G, Pasanisi F, Nardelli C, et al. High leptin/adiponectin ratio and serum triglycerides are associated with an “at-risk” phenotype in young severely obese patients. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011;19:1492–1496. doi:10.1038/oby.2010.309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu L, Fengli H, Huang M, et al. NFATc3 deficiency reduces the classical activation of adipose tissue 2 macrophages. J Mol Endocrinol. 2018;61:79–89. doi:10.1530/JME-18-0070
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Caterson ID, Gill TP. Obesity: epidemiology and possible prevention. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;16:595–610. doi:10.1053/beem.2002.0228
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nathaly TC, Wendy CP, Karina GB, et al. Waist circumference is an anthropometric parameter that identifies women with metabolically unhealthy phenotypes. Nutrients. 2018;10:447. doi:10.3390/nu10040447
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jamar G, Caranti DA, de Cassia Cesar H, Masquio DCL, Bandoni DH, Pisani LP. Leptin as a cardiovascular risk marker in metabolically healthy obese: hyperleptinemia in metabolically healthy obese. Appetite. 2017;108:477–482. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.11.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahl S, Guenther M, Zhao S, et al. Adiponectin levels differentiate metabolically healthy vs unhealthy among obese and nonobese white individuals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100:4172–4180. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-2765
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gómez-Ambrosi J, Catalán, Rodríguez A, et al. Increased cardiometabolic risk factors and inflammation in adipose tissue in obese subjects classified as metabolically healthy. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(10):2813–2821. doi:10.2337/dc14-0937
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doumatey AP, Zhou J, Zhou M, Prieto D, Rotimi CN, Adeyemo A. Proinflammatory and lipid biomarkers mediate metabolically healthy obesity: a proteomics study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2016;24:1257–1265. doi:10.1002/oby.21482
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berti L, Irmler M, Zdichavsky M, et al. Fibroblast growth factor 21 is elevated in metabolically unhealthy obesity and affects lipid deposition, adipogenesis, and adipokine secretion of human abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes. Mol Metab. 2015;4:519–527. doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2015.04.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pescador N, Perez-Barba M, Ibarra JM, Corbaton A, Martinez-Larrad MT, Serrano-Rios M. Serum circulating microRNA profiling for identification of potential type 2 diabetes and obesity biomarkers. PLoS One. 2013;8:e77251. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0077251
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu F, Hou J, Xuan W, Zhang C, Meng X. The relationship of plasma miR-503 and coronary collateral circulation in patients with coronary artery disease. Life Sci. 2018;207:145–151. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.001
   Google Scholar
• Stefan N, Kantartzis K, Machann J, et al. Identification and characterization of metabolically benign obesity in humans. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168:1609–1616. doi:10.1001/archinte.168.15.1609
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips CM, Dillon C, Harrington JM, et al. Defining metabolically healthy obesity: role of dietary and lifestyle factors. PLoS One. 2013;8:e76188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar