Ethnic Variability in Glucose and Insulin Response to Rice Among Healthy Overweight Adults: A Randomized Cross-Over Study

References

• Diabetes Atlas. International Diabetes Federation. 8th ed. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation; 2017. Available from: http://www.diabetesatlas.org. Accessed March 31, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Yeboah J, Bertoni AG, Herrington DM, et al. Impaired fasting glucose and the risk of incident diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular events in an adult population: Mesa (Multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(2):140–146. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.03.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu KC, Cohan P, Lee NP, et al. Insulin sensitivity differs among ethnic groups with a compensatory response in beta-cell function. Diabetes Care. 2000;23(9):1353–1358. doi:10.2337/diacare.23.9.1353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popkin BM. Nutrition transition and the global diabetes epidemic. Curr Diab Rep. 2015;15(9):64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwingshackl L, Schwedhelm C, Hoffmann G, et al. Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;105(6):1462–1473. PMID: 28446499. doi:10.3945/ajcn.117.153148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan WS, Tan SY, Henry CJ. Ethnic variability in glycemic response to sucrose and isomaltulose. Nutrients. 2017;9(4):347. doi:10.3390/nu9040347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdul-Ghani MA, Williams K, DeFronzo R, et al. Risk of progression to type 2 diabetes based on relationship between postload plasma glucose and fasting plasma glucose. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(7):1613–1618. doi:10.2337/dc05-1711
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeFronzo RA. Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Med Clin North Am. 2004;88(4):787–835, ix. PMID: 15308380. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2004.04.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ceriello A. Postprandial hyperglycemia and diabetes complications: is it time to treat? Diabetes. 2005;54(1):1–7. doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.1.1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolever TM, Giddens JL, Sievenpiper JL. Effect of ethnicity on glycaemic index: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Diabetes. 2015;5(7):e170. PMID: 26168085; PMCID: PMC4521176. doi:10.1038/nutd.2015.21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mohan V, Unnikrishnan R, Shobana S, et al. Are excess carbohydrates the main link to diabetes & its complications in Asians? Indian J Med Res. 2018;148(5):531–538. PMID: 30666980; PMCID: PMC6366262. doi:10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1698_18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kataoka M, Venn BJ, Williams SM, et al. Glycaemic responses to glucose and rice in people of Chinese and European ethnicity. Diabet Med. 2013;30(3):e101–e107. PMID: 23181689. doi:10.1111/dme.12080
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venn BS, Williams SM, Mann JI. Comparison of postprandial glycaemia in Asians and Caucasians. Diabet Med. 2010;27:1205–1208. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03069.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Government of Dubai. Dubai statistics center; 2017. Available from: https://www.dsc.gov.ae/Report/DSC_SYB_2017_01%20_%2003.pdf. Accessed October 9, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Hamoudi R, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, et al. Prediabetes and diabetes prevalence and risk factors comparison between ethnic groups in the United Arab Emirates. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):17437. PMID: 31767874; PMCID: PMC6877520. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53505-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Montesi L, Caletti MT, Marchesini G. Diabetes in migrants and ethnic minorities in a changing world. World J Diabetes. 2016;7(3):34–44. PMID: 26862371; PMCID: PMC4733447. doi:10.4239/wjd.v7.i3.34
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hwalla N, Jaafar Z, Sawaya S. Dietary management of type 2 diabetes in the MENA region: a review of the evidence. Nutrients. 2021;13(4):1060. PMID: 33805161; PMCID: PMC8064070. doi:10.3390/nu13041060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu EA, Pan A, Malik V, et al. White rice consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis and systematic review. BMJ. 2012;344(mar15 3):e1454. doi:10.1136/bmj.e1454
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wolever TM. Effect of blood sampling schedule and method of calculating the area under the curve on validity and precision of glycaemic index values. Br J Nutr. 2004;91(2):295–301. PMID: 14756916. doi:10.1079/bjn20031054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh B, Saxena A. Surrogate markers of insulin resistance: a review. World J Diabetes. 2010;1(2):36–47. PMID: 21537426; PMCID: PMC3083884. doi:10.4239/wjd.v1.i2.36
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Park SY, Gautier JF, Chon S. Assessment of insulin secretion and insulin resistance in human. Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(5):641–654. doi:10.4093/dmj.2021.0220
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdul-Ghani MA, Lyssenko V, Tuomi T, et al. The shape of plasma glucose concentration curve during OGTT predicts future risk of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2010;26(4):280–286. doi:10.1002/dmrr.1084
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace TM, Levy JC, Matthews DR. Use and abuse of HOMA modeling. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(6):1487–1495. doi:10.2337/diacare.27.6.1487
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rijkelijkhuizen JM, Girman CJ, Mari A, et al. Classical and model-based estimates of beta-cell function during a mixed meal vs. an OGTT in a population-based cohort. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2009;83(2):280–288. PMID: 19097663. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2008.11.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boers HM, Seijen Ten Hoorn J, Mela DJ. A systematic review of the influence of rice characteristics and processing methods on postprandial glycaemic and insulinaemic responses. Br J Nutr. 2015;114(7):1035–1045. PMID: 26310311; PMCID: PMC4579564. doi:10.1017/S0007114515001841
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim JY, Michaliszyn SF, Nasr A, et al. The shape of the glucose response curve during an oral glucose tolerance test heralds biomarkers of type 2 diabetes risk in obese youth. Diabetes Care. 2016;39(8):1431–1439. doi:10.2337/dc16-0352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manco M, Nolfe G, Pataky Z, et al. Shape of the OGTT glucose curve and risk of impaired glucose metabolism in the EGIR-RISC cohort. Metabolism. 2017;70:42–50. PMID: 28403944. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2017.02.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hulman A, Gujral UP, Narayan KMV, et al. Glucose patterns during the OGTT and risk of future diabetes in an urban Indian population: the CARRS study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017;126:192–197. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2017.01.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Andrade Mesquita L, Pavan Antoniolli L, Cittolin-Santos GF, et al. Distinct metabolic profile according to the shape of the oral glucose tolerance test curve is related to whole glucose excursion: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord. 2018;18(1):56. PMID: 30115058; PMCID: PMC6097323. doi:10.1186/s12902-018-0286-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Balasubramanyam A, McKay S, Nadkarni P, et al. Ethnicity affects the postprandial regulation of glycogenolysis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 1999;5:E905–E914. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.5.E905
   Google Scholar
• Venkataraman K, Kao SL, Thai AC, et al. Ethnicity modifies the relation between fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c in Indians, Malays and Chinese. Diabet Med. 2012;29(7):911–917. PMID: 22283416; PMCID: PMC3504343. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03599.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman WH, Ma Y, Uwaifo G, et al; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Differences in A1C by race and ethnicity among patients with impaired glucose tolerance in the diabetes prevention program. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(10):2453–2457. PMID: 17536077; PMCID: PMC2373980. doi:10.2337/dc06-2003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laakso M. How good a marker is insulin level for insulin resistance? AM J Epidemiol. 1993;137:959–965. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickinson S, Colagiuri S, Faramus E, et al. Postprandial hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity differ among lean young adults of different ethnicities. J Nutr. 2002;132(9):2574–2579. PMID: 12221211. doi:10.1093/jn/132.9.2574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liew CF, Seah ES, Yeo KP, et al. Lean, nondiabetic Asian Indians have decreased insulin sensitivity and insulin clearance, and raised leptin compared to Caucasians and Chinese subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003;27(7):e101–e107. PMID: 12821962. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802307
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kodama K, Tojjar D, Yamada S, et al. Ethnic differences in the relationship between insulin sensitivity and insulin response: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(6):1789–1796. doi:10.2337/dc12-1235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thakarakkattil Narayanan Nair A, Donnelly LA, Dawed AY, et al. The impact of phenotype, ethnicity and genotype on progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2020;3(2):e00108. PMID: 32318630; PMCID: PMC7170456. doi:10.1002/edm2.108
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tongzhi W, Rayner CK, Young RL, et al. Gut motility and enteroendocrine secretion. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2013;13(6):928–934. doi:10.1016/j.coph.2013.09.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philip WT. Gastric emptying in ethnic populations: possible relationship to development of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Ethn Dis. 2006;16(3):682–692.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westerbacka J, Wilkinson I, Cockcroft J, et al. Diminished wave reflection in the aorta. A novel physiological action of insulin on large blood vessels. Hypertension. 1999;33:1118–1122. doi:10.1161/01.HYP.33.5.1118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saeed S, Kanaya AM, Bennet L, et al. Cardiovascular risk assessment in South and Middle-East Asians living in the Western countries. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1719–1725. doi:10.1093/jn/132.9.2574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar