Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) Predicts Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

References

• Perera D, Clayton T, Petrie MC, et al. Percutaneous revascularization for ischemic ventricular dysfunction: rationale and design of the REVIVED-BCIS2 trial: percutaneous coronary intervention for ischemic cardiomyopathy. JACC Heart Fail. 2018;6(6):517–526. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2018.01.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teupe C, Rosak C. Diabetic cardiomyopathy and diastolic heart failure - difficulties with relaxation. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2012;97(2):185–194. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2012.03.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dei Cas A, Khan SS, Butler J, et al. Impact of diabetes on epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes of patients with heart failure. JACC Heart Fail. 2015;3(2):136–145. doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2014.08.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang ZY, Prins JB, Marwick TH. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev. 2004;25(4):543–567. doi:10.1210/er.2003-0012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubler S, Dlugash J, Yuceoglu YZ, Kumral T, Branwood AW, Grishman A. New type of cardiomyopathy associated with diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Am J Cardiol. 1972;30(6):595–602. doi:10.1016/0002-9149(72)90595-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semenkovich CF. Insulin resistance and a long, strange trip. N Engl J Med. 2016;25:160217112012002.
   Google Scholar
• Rhee EJ, Kim JH, Park HJ, et al. Increased risk for development of coronary artery calcification in insulin-resistant subjects who developed diabetes: 4-year longitudinal study. Atherosclerosis. 2016;245:132–138. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.12.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry RM, Kostense PJ, Spijkerman AM, et al. Arterial stiffness increases with deteriorating glucose tolerance status: the Hoorn Study. Circulation. 2003;107(16):2089–2095. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000065222.34933.FC
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanley WC, Lopaschuk GD, McCormack JG. Regulation of energy substrate metabolism in the diabetic heart. Cardiovasc Res. 1997;34(1):25–33. doi:10.1016/S0008-6363(97)00047-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swan JW, Anker SD, Walton C, et al. Insulin resistance in chronic heart failure: relation to severity and etiology of heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;30(2):527–532. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00185-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paternostro G, Pagano D, Gnecchi-Ruscone T, Bonser RS, Camici PG. Insulin resistance in patients with cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Res. 1999;42:246–253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujii S. Insulin resistance and heart failure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2013;62(4):379–380. doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e3182a18c56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28(7):412. doi:10.1007/BF00280883
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sang BL, Min KK, Kang S, et al. Triglyceride glucose index is superior to the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance for predicting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults. Endocrinol Metabol. 2019;34(2). doi:10.3803/EnM.2019.34.2.179
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raimi TH, Dele-Ojo BF, Dada SA, Fadare JO, Ajayi OA. Triglyceride-glucose index and related parameters predicted metabolic syndrome in Nigerians. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2020;19(2):76–82. doi:10.1089/met.2020.0092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Qin P, Lou Y, et al.Association of TG/HDLC ratio trajectory and risk of type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study in China. J Diabetes. 2020. doi:10.1111/1753-0407.13123
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bello-Chavolla OY, Almeda-Valdes P, Gomez-Velasco D, et al. METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is predictive of visceral adiposity and incident type 2 diabetes. Eur J Endocrinol. 2018;178(5):533–544. doi:10.1530/EJE-17-0883
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu XZ, Fan J, Pan SJ. METS-IR, a novel simple insulin resistance indexes, is associated with hypertension in normal-weight Chinese adults. J Clin Hypertens. 2019;21(8):1075–1081. doi:10.1111/jch.13591
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon J, Jung D, Lee Y, Park B. The Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) as a predictor of incident ischemic heart disease: a longitudinal study among Korean without diabetes. J Pers Med. 2021;11(8):742. doi:10.3390/jpm11080742
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cockcroft DW, Gault MH. Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron. 1976;16(1):31–41. doi:10.1159/000180580
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenny HC, Abel ED. Heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circ Res. 2019;124(1):121–141. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.311371
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson I, Dahlström U, Edner M, Näsman P, Rydén L, Norhammar A. Prognostic implications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in ischemic and nonischemic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(13):1404–1416. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.06.061
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingelsson E, Sundstrom J, Arnlov J, Zethelius B, Lind L. Insulin resistance and congestive heart failure—reply. J Am Med Assoc. 2005;15:294.
   Google Scholar
• Morisco C, Marrone C, Trimarco V, et al. Insulin resistance affects the cytoprotective effect of insulin in cardiomyocytes through an impairment of MAPK phosphatase-1 expression. Cardiovasc Res. 2007;76(3):453–464. doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.07.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stancáková A, Javorský M, Kuulasmaa T, Haffner SM, Kuusisto J, Laakso M. Changes in insulin sensitivity and insulin release in relation to glycemia and glucose tolerance in 6414 Finnish men. Diabetes. 2009;58(5):1212–1221. doi:10.2337/db08-1607
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu X, Wang L, Zhang W, et al. Fasting triglycerides and glucose index is more suitable for the identification of metabolically unhealthy individuals in the Chinese adult population: a nationwide study. J Diabetes Investig. 2019;10(4):1050–1058. doi:10.1111/jdi.12975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg IJ. Clinical review 124: diabetic dyslipidemia: causes and consequences. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(3):965–971. doi:10.1210/jcem.86.3.7304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Groote P, Lamblin N, Mouquet F, et al. Impact of diabetes mellitus on long-term survival in patients with congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2004;25(8):656–662. doi:10.1016/j.ehj.2004.01.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dries DL, Sweitzer NK, Drazner MH, Stevenson LW, Gersh BJ. Prognostic impact of diabetes mellitus in patients with heart failure according to the etiology of left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38(2):421–428. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01408-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haffner SM, Lehto S, Rönnemaa T, Pyörälä K, Laakso M. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(4):229–234. doi:10.1056/NEJM199807233390404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao Kondapally Seshasai S, Kaptoge S, Thompson A, et al. Diabetes mellitus, fasting glucose, and risk of cause-specific death. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(9):829–841.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schramm TK, Gislason GH, Køber L, et al. Diabetes patients requiring glucose-lowering therapy and nondiabetics with a prior myocardial infarction carry the same cardiovascular risk: a population study of 3.3 million people. Circulation. 2008;117(15):1945–1954. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.720847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stegenga ME, van der Crabben SN, Levi M, et al. Hyperglycemia stimulates coagulation, whereas hyperinsulinemia impairs fibrinolysis in healthy humans. Diabetes. 2006;55(6):1807–1812. doi:10.2337/db05-1543
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juhan-Vague I, Alessi MC, Vague P. Increased plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels. A possible link between insulin resistance and atherothrombosis. DIABETOLOGIA. 1991;34(7):457–462. doi:10.1007/BF00403280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider,David J. Abnormalities of coagulation, platelet function, and fibrinolysis associated with syndromes of insulin resistance. Coron Artery Dis. 2005;16(8):473–476. doi:10.1097/00019501-200512000-00003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bornfeldt KE, Tabas I. Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and atherosclerosis. Cell Metab. 2011;14(5):575–585. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2011.07.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aurigemma GP, de Simone G, Fitzgibbons TP. Cardiac remodeling in obesity. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6(1):142–152. doi:10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.111.964627
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern MP. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The “common soil” hypothesis. Diabetes. 1995;44(4):369–374. doi:10.2337/diab.44.4.369
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huggett RJ, Scott EM, Gilbey SG, Stoker JB, Mackintosh AF, Mary DA. Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on sympathetic neural mechanisms in hypertension. Circulation. 2003;108(25):3097–3101. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000103123.66264.FE
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou MS, Schulman IH, Zeng Q. Link between the renin-angiotensin system and insulin resistance: implications for cardiovascular disease. Vasc Med. 2012;17(5):330–341. doi:10.1177/1358863X12450094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee S, Panas R. Diabetes and cardiorenal syndrome: understanding the “Triple Threat”. Hellenic J Cardiol. 2017;58(5):342–347. doi:10.1016/j.hjc.2017.01.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker B, Kronenberg F, Kielstein JT, et al. Renal insulin resistance syndrome, adiponectin and cardiovascular events in patients with kidney disease: the mild and moderate kidney disease study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16(4):1091–1098. doi:10.1681/ASN.2004090742
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura K, Sakurai M, Miura K, et al. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and the risk of cardiovascular events in middle-aged non-diabetic Japanese men. Diabetologia. 2010;53(9):1894. doi:10.1007/s00125-010-1803-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar