Prevalence of Anemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and ‎correlation with Body Mass Index and Kidney ‎function in Palestine

References

• Chaparro CM, Suchdev PS. Anemia epidemiology, pathophysiology, and etiology in low- and middle-income countries. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2019;1450(1):15–31. doi:10.1111/nyas.14092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akbarpour E, Paridar Y, Mohammadi Z, et al. Anemia prevalence, severity, types, and correlates among adult women and men in a multiethnic Iranian population: the Khuzestan Comprehensive Health Study (KCHS). BMC Public Health. 2022;22(1):1–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson-Wimbley TD, Graham DY. Diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia in the 21st century. Ther Adv Gastroenterol. 2011;4(3):177–184.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Antwi-Bafour S, Hammond S, Adjei JK, Kyeremeh R, Martin-Odoom A, Ekem I. A case–control study of prevalence of anemia among patients with type 2 diabetes. J Med Case Rep. 2016;10(1):1–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Balarajan Y, Ramakrishnan U, Özaltin E, Shankar AH, Subramanian SV. Anaemia in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2011;378(9809):2123–2135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kassebaum NJ, Jasrasaria R, Naghavi M, et al. A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010. Blood J Am Soc Hematol. 2014;123(5):615–624.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar A, Sharma E, Marley A, Samaan MA, Brookes MJ. Iron deficiency anaemia: pathophysiology, assessment, practical management. BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2022;9(1):58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez A, Cacoub P, Macdougall IC, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Iron deficiency anaemia. Lancet. 2016;387(10021):907–916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abusalah MA, Albaker W, Al-Bsheish M, et al. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the general population of Saudi Arabia, 2000–2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Saudi j med med sci. 2023;11(1):1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banday MZ, Sameer AS, Nissar S. Pathophysiology of diabetes: an overview. J Med. 2020;10(04):174–188.
   Google Scholar
• Wu Y, Ding Y, Tanaka Y, Zhang W. Risk factors contributing to type 2 diabetes and recent advances in the treatment and prevention. Int J Med Sci. 2014;11(11):1185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Khawlani A, Atef ZA, Al Ansi A. Macrovascular complications and their associated risk ‎factors in type 2 diabetic patients in Sana’a city, Yemen. Eastern Mediterranean Health. 2010;16(8):851–858.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lin X, Xu Y, Pan X, et al. Global, regional, and ‎national burden and trend of diabetes in 195 countries and territories: an analysis from ‎‎1990 to 2025. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Salman M. Anemia in patients with diabetes mellitus: prevalence and progression. General Med. 2015;15:1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Mehdi U, Toto RD. Anemia, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(7):1320–1326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaheen FA, Souqiyyeh MZ, Al-Attar BA, et al. Prevalence of anemia in predialysis chronic kidney disease patients. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2011;22(3):456–463.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• El-Achkar TM, Ohmit SE, McCullough PA, et al. Higher prevalence of anemia with diabetes mellitus in moderate kidney insufficiency: the Kidney Early Evaluation Program. Kidney Int. 2005;67(4):1483–1488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanna RM, Streja E, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Burden of anemia in chronic kidney disease: beyond erythropoietin. Adv Therapy. 2021;38(1):52–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taderegew MM, Gebremariam T, Tareke AA, Woldeamanuel GG. Anemia and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, North-East Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. J Blood Med. 2020;11:47–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keane WF, Zhang Z, Lyle PA, et al. Risk scores for predicting outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy: the RENAAL study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;1(4):761–767. doi:10.2215/CJN.01381005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He BB, Wei L, Gu YJ, et al. Relationship between anemia and chronic complications in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Iran med. 2015;18(5):548.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samuel TR, Tejaswi N, Kumar P, Prudhvi K, Sravan NS, Govardhin B. Clinical significance of screening for anaemia in diabetic patients. Artic Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2018;48(2):20–24.
   Google Scholar
• Consultation WH. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. World Health. 2000;894:1–253.
   Google Scholar
• Nead KG, Halterman JS, Kaczorowski JM, Auinger P, Weitzman M. Overweight children and adolescents: a risk group for iron deficiency. Pediatrics. 2004;114:104–108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research ‎involving human subjects. Jahrbuch Für Wissenschaft Und Ethik. 2009;14(1):233–238.
   Google Scholar
• Draznin B, Aroda VR, Bakris G. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in ‎Diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(Supplement_1).
   Google Scholar
• Cawood TJ, Buckley U, Murray A, et al. Prevalence of anaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus. Irish j Med Sci. 2006;175:25–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbieri J, Fontela PC, Winkelmann ER, Zimmermann CE, Sandri YP, Mallet EK. Anemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Anemia. 2015;2015.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hosseini MS, Rostami Z, Saadat A, Saadatmand SM, Naeimi E. Anemia and microvascular ‎complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nephro-Urology Monthly. 2014;6(4).
   Google Scholar
• Thambiah SC, Samsudin IN, George E, et al. Anaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ‎patients in Hospital Putrajaya. MalaysianJ Med Health Sci. 2015;11(1):49–62.
   Google Scholar
• Bekele K, Egata G, Gebremichael B. Anemia and associated factors among ‎type-2 diabetes mellitus patients attending public hospitals in Harari Region, Eastern ‎Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2019;14(12, Article ID):e0225725.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shams N, Osmani MH. Newly diagnosed anemia in admitted diabetics, frequency, etiology ‎and associated factors. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2015;25(4):242–246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fayed HM, Elsaied AR, Alsenbesy MA, Moubark IA. Proportion of anemia in type 2 ‎diabetic patients in qena governorate Case–Control Study: clinical correlates and ‎prognostic significance. Int J of Diabet Res. 2013;2(4):64–75.
   Google Scholar
• Trevest K, Treadway H, Hawkins-van der Cingel G, Bailey C, Abdelhafiz AH. Prevalence ‎and determinants of anemia in older people with diabetes attending an outpatient clinic: a ‎cross-sectional audit. Clinical Diabetes. 2014;32(4):158.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sharif A, Younus S, Baig K, Ali NH. Prevalence and risk of anemia in type-2 diabetic patients. Health. 2014;2014.
   Google Scholar
• Kebede SA, Tusa BS, Weldesenbet AB. Prevalence of anaemia and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital. Anemia. 2021;2021:1–5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi CW, Lee J, Park KH, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of anemia in the elderly: cross‐sectional study of three urban Korean population samples. Am J Hematol. 2004;77(1):26–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed AT, Go AS, Warton EM, Parker MM, Karter AJ. Ethnic differences in anemia among patients with diabetes mellitus: the Diabetes Study of Northern California (DISTANCE). Am J Hematol. 2010;85(1):57–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas M, Tsalamandris C, MacIsaac R, Jerums G. Anaemia in diabetes: an emerging complication of microvascular disease. Current Diabetes Rev. 2005;1(1):107–126.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ishimura E, Nishizawa Y, Okuno S, et al. Diabetes mellitus increases the severity of anemia in non-dialyzed patients with renal failure. J Nephrol. 1998;11(2):83–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosman DR, Winkler AS, Marsden JT, Macdougall IC, Watkins PJ. Anemia with erythropoietin deficiency occurs early in diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(3):495–499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas MC, MacIsaac RJ, Tsalamandris C, et al. The burden of anaemia in type 2 diabetes and the role of nephropathy: a cross-sectional audit. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004;19(7):1792–1797.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feteh VF, Choukem SP, Kengne AP, Nebongo DN, Ngowe-Ngowe M. Anemia in ‎type 2 diabetic patients and correlation with kidney function in a tertiary care ‎sub-Saharan African hospital: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2016;17(1):1–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Loutradis C, Skodra A, Georgianos P, et al. Diabetes mellitus increases the prevalence of anemia in patients ‎with chronic kidney disease: a nested case-control study. World J Nephrol. 2016;5(4):358.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vlahakos DV, Marathias KP, Madias NE. The role of the renin-angiotensin system in the regulation of erythropoiesis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;56(3):558–565.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohanram A, Zhang Z, Shahinfar S, Keane WF, Brenner BM, Toto RD. Anemia and end-stage renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2004;66(3):1131–1138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbieri J, Fontela PC, Winkelmann ER, et al. Anemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Anemia. 2015;2015:68.
   Google Scholar
• Ugwuja EI, Ogbonnaya LU, Obuna AJ, Awelegbe F, Uro-Chukwu H. Anaemia in relation to body mass index (BMI) and socio-demographic characteristics in adult Nigerians in Ebonyi state. J clin diagn res. 2015;9(1):485.
   Google Scholar
• Ausk KJ, Ioannou GN. Is obesity associated with anemia of chronic disease? A population‐based study. Obesity. 2008;16(10):2356–2361.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamper AL, Nielsen OJ. Effect of enalapril on haemoglobin and serum erythropoietin in patients ‎with chronic nephropathy. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1990;50(6):611–618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar