3,830
Views
99
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Management of adult diabetic ketoacidosis

, &
Pages 255-264 | Published online: 30 Jun 2014

References

  • 2011 National Diabetes Fact Sheet Atlanta, GA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2011 Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/factsheet11.htm Accessed April 7, 2014
  • Gosmanov AR Wall BM Diabetic ketoacidosis Bope ET Kellerman RD Conn’s Current Therapy 2014 Philadelphia, PA Elsevier Saunders 2014 710 713
  • Kitabchi AE Umpierrez GE Miles JM Fisher JN Hyperglycemic crises in adult patients with diabetes Diabetes Care 2009 32 7 1335 1343 19564476
  • Kitabchi AE Nyenwe EA Hyperglycemic crises in diabetes mellitus: diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2006 35 4 725 751 viii 17127143
  • Randall L Begovic J Hudson M Recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis in inner-city minority patients: behavioral, socioeconomic, and psychosocial factors Diabetes Care 2011 34 9 1891 1896 21775761
  • Umpierrez GE Smiley D Kitabchi AE Narrative review: ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes mellitus Ann Intern Med 2006 144 5 350 357 16520476
  • Gosmanov AR Umpierrez GE Karabell AH Cuervo R Thomason DB Impaired expression and insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt-2 in muscle of obese patients with atypical diabetes Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004 287 1 E8 E15 15010337
  • Kitabchi AE Umpierrez GE Murphy MB Kreisberg RA Hyperglycemic crises in adult patients with diabetes: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Care 2006 29 12 2739 2748 17130218
  • Sheikh-Ali M Karon BS Basu A Can serum beta-hydroxybutyrate be used to diagnose diabetic ketoacidosis? Diabetes Care 2008 31 4 643 647 18184896
  • Nyenwe EA Kitabchi AE Evidence-based management of hyperglycemic emergencies in diabetes mellitus Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011 94 3 340 351 21978840
  • Caputo DG Villarejo F Valle GB Díaz Aguiar P Apezteguia CJ Hydration in diabetic ketoacidosis. What is the effect of the infusion rate? Medicina (B Aires) 1997 57 1 15 20 Spanish 9435364
  • Basnet S Venepalli PK Andoh J Verhulst S Koirala J Effect of normal saline and half normal saline on serum electrolytes during recovery phase of diabetic ketoacidosis J Intensive Care Med 2014 29 1 38 42 23753222
  • Fisher JN Shahshahani MN Kitabchi AE Diabetic ketoacidosis: low-dose insulin therapy by various routes N Engl J Med 1977 297 5 238 241 406561
  • Kitabchi AE Umpierrez GE Fisher JN Murphy MB Stentz FB Thirty years of personal experience in hyperglycemic crises: diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008 93 5 1541 1552 18270259
  • Kitabchi AE Murphy MB Spencer J Matteri R Karas J Is a priming dose of insulin necessary in a low-dose insulin protocol for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis? Diabetes Care 2008 31 11 2081 2085 18694978
  • Goyal N Miller JB Sankey SS Mossallam U Utility of initial bolus insulin in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis J Emerg Med 2010 38 4 422 427 18514472
  • Rosenthal NR Barrett EJ An assessment of insulin action in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic diabetic patients J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985 60 3 607 610 2857727
  • Maletkovic J Drexler A Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2013 42 4 677 695 24286946
  • Umpierrez GE Cuervo R Karabell A Latif K Freire AX Kitabchi AE Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis with subcutaneous insulin aspart Diabetes Care 2004 27 8 1873 1878 15277410
  • Umpierrez GE Latif K Stoever J Efficacy of subcutaneous insulin lispro versus continuous intravenous regular insulin for the treatment of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis Am J Med 2004 117 5 291 296 15336577
  • Ersöz HO Ukinc K Köse M Subcutaneous lispro and intravenous regular insulin treatments are equally effective and safe for the treatment of mild and moderate diabetic ketoacidosis in adult patients Int J Clin Pract 2006 60 4 429 433 16620355
  • Shen T Braude S Changes in serum phosphate during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis: predictive significance of severity of acidosis on presentation Int Med J 2012 42 12 1347 1350
  • Fisher JN Kitabchi AE A randomized study of phosphate therapy in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983 57 1 177 180 6406531
  • Winter RJ Harris CJ Phillips LS Green OC Diabetic ketoacidosis. Induction of hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia by phosphate therapy Am J Med 1979 67 5 897 900 116547
  • Foley RN Collins AJ End-stage renal disease in the United States: an update from the United States Renal Data System J Am Soc Nephrol 2007 18 10 2644 2648 17656472
  • Kovesdy CP Park JC Kalantar-Zadeh K Glycemic control and burnt-out diabetes in ESRD Semin Dial 2010 23 2 148 156 20374552
  • Tzamaloukas AH Ing TS Siamopoulos KC Body fluid abnormalities in severe hyperglycemia in patients on chronic dialysis: review of published reports J Diabetes Complications 2008 22 1 29 37 18191075
  • Tzamaloukas AH Rohrscheib M Ing TS Serum potassium and acid-base parameters in severe dialysis-associated hyperglycemia treated with insulin therapy Int J Artif Organs 2005 28 3 229 236 15818545
  • Kraut JA Madias NE Serum anion gap: its uses and limitations in clinical medicine Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007 2 1 162 174 17699401
  • Warnock DG Uremic acidosis Kidney Int 1988 34 2 278 287 3054224
  • Gutierrez R Oster JR Schlessinger FB Perez GO Federman DG Vaamonde CA Serum sulfate concentration and the anion gap in hemodialysis patients ASAIO Trans 1991 37 2 92 96 1906723
  • Axelrod L Response of congestive heart failure to correction of hyperglycemia in the presence of diabetic nephropathy N Engl J Med 1975 293 24 1243 1245 1186804
  • Tzamaloukas AH Ing TS Siamopoulos KC Pathophysiology and management of fluid and electrolyte disturbances in patients on chronic dialysis with severe hyperglycemia Semin Dial 2008 21 5 431 439 18945331
  • Montoliu J Revert L Lethal hyperkalemia associated with severe hyperglycemia in diabetic patients with renal failure Am J Kidney Dis 1985 5 1 47 48 3966469
  • Hsia E Seggelke S Gibbs J Subcutaneous administration of glargine to diabetic patients receiving insulin infusion prevents rebound hyperglycemia J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012 97 9 3132 3137 22685233
  • Savage MW Dhatariya KK Kilvert A Joint British Diabetes Societies guideline for the management of diabetic ketoacidosis Diabet Med 2011 28 5 508 515 21255074
  • Canadian Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert Committee Goguen J Gilbert J Hyperglycemic emergencies in adults Can J Diabetes 2013 37 Suppl 1 S72 S76 24070967
  • Bull SV Douglas IS Foster M Albert RK Mandatory protocol for treating adult patients with diabetic ketoacidosis decreases intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay: results of a nonrandomized trial Crit Care Med 2007 35 1 41 46 17095944
  • Waller SL Delaney S Strachan MW Does an integrated care pathway enhance the management of diabetic ketoacidosis? Diabet Med 2007 24 4 359 363 17298587
  • Hara JS Rahbar AJ Jeffres MN Izuora KE Impact of a hyperglycemic crises protocol Endocr Pract 2013 19 6 953 962 23807521
  • Devalia B Adherance to protocol during the acute management of diabetic ketoacidosis: would specialist involvement lead to better outcomes? Int J Clin Pract 2010 64 11 1580 1582 20846206
  • Solá E Garzón S García-Torres S Cubells P Morillas C Hernández-Mijares A Management of diabetic ketoacidosis in a teaching hospital Acta Diabetol 2006 43 4 127 130 17211563
  • Singh RK Perros P Frier BM Hospital management of diabetic ketoacidosis: are clinical guidelines implemented effectively? Diabet Med 1997 14 6 482 486 9212315
  • Golden SH Sapir T Methods for insulin delivery and glucose monitoring in diabetes: summary of a comparative effectiveness review J Manag Care Pharm 2012 18 Suppl 6 S1 S17 22984955
  • Peyrot M Rubin RR Patient-reported outcomes for an integrated real-time continuous glucose monitoring/insulin pump system Diabetes Technol Ther 2009 11 1 57 62 19132857
  • Wallace TM Matthews DR Recent advances in the monitoring and management of diabetic ketoacidosis QJM 2004 97 12 773 780 15569808