Specific cut-off points for waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio as predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Black subjects: a cross-sectional study in Benin and Haiti

References

• AlbertiKGEckelRHGrundySMHarmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of ObesityCirculation2009120161640 164519805654
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DespresJPBody fat distribution and risk of cardiovascular disease: an updateCirculation2012126101301 131322949540
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CarmienkeSFreitagMHPischonTGeneral and abdominal obesity parameters and their combination in relation to mortality: a systematic review and meta-regression analysisEur J Clin Nutr2013676573 58523511854
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KatzmarzykPTBrayGAGreenwayFLEthnic-specific BMI and waist circumference thresholdsObesity (Silver Spring)20111961272 127821212770
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KatzmarzykPTBrayGAGreenwayFLRacial differences in abdominal depot-specific adiposity in white and African American adultsAm J Clin Nutr20109117 1519828714
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DesiletsMCGarrelDCouillardCEthnic differences in body composition and other markers of cardiovascular disease risk: study in matched Haitian and White subjects from QuebecObesity (Silver Spring)20061461019 102716861607
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OkosunISTeddersSHChoiSDeverGEAbdominal adiposity values associated with established body mass indexes in White, Black and Hispanic Americans. A study from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyInt J Obes Relat Metab Disord200024101279 128511093289
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GarnettSPBaurLACowellCTWaist-to-height ratio: a simple option for determining excess central adiposity in young peopleInt J Obes (Lond)20083261028 103018414423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AshwellMHsiehSDSix reasons why the waist-to-height ratio is a rapid and effective global indicator for health risks of obesity and how its use could simplify the international public health message on obesityInt J Food Sci Nutr2005565303 30716236591
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AshwellMGunnPGibsonSWaist-to-height ratio is a better screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysisObes Rev2012133275 28622106927
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BrowningLMHsiehSDAshwellMA systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: 0.5 could be a suitable global boundary valueNutr Res Rev2010232247 26920819243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KengneAPEchouffo-TcheuguiJBSobngwiEMbanyaJCNew insights on diabetes mellitus and obesity in Africa-part 1: prevalence, pathogenesis and comorbiditiesHeart20139914979 98323680891
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MotalaAAEsterhuizenTPirieFJOmarMAThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome and determination of the optimal waist circumference cutoff points in a rural South African communityDiabetes Care20113441032 103721330644
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WareLJRennieKLKrugerHSEvaluation of waist-to-height ratio to predict 5 year cardiometabolic risk in sub-Saharan African adultsNutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis2014248900 90724675009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CrowtherNJNorrisSAThe current waist circumference cut point used for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in sub-Saharan African women is not appropriatePLoS One2012711e4888323145009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DelisleHDesiletsMCVargasERGarrelDMetabolic syndrome in three ethnic groups using current definitionsAppl Physiol Nutr Metab2008332356 36018347691
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longo-MbenzaBKasiam Lasi On’kinJBNge OkweAKangola KabanguNThe metabolic syndrome in a Congolese population and its implications for metabolic syndrome definitionsDiabetes Metab Syndr20115117 2422814836
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• UkegbuUJCastilloDCKnightMGMetabolic syndrome does not detect metabolic risk in African men living in the USDiabetes Care201134102297 229921873563
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GaillardTSchusterDOseiKDifferential impact of serum glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol on cardiovascular risk factor burden in nondiabetic, obese African American women: implications for the prevalence of metabolic syndromeMetabolism20105981115 112320051282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchusterDPGaillardTOseiKThe cardiometabolic syndrome in persons of the African diaspora: challenges and opportunitiesJ Cardiometab Syndr200724260 26618059209
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SodjinouRAguehVFayomiBDelisleHObesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in urban adults of Benin: relationship with socio-economic status, urbanisation, and lifestyle patternsBMC Public Health200888418318907
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SossaCDelisleHAguehVMakoutodeMFayomiBInsulin resistance status and four-year changes in other cardiometabolic risk factors in West-African adults: the Benin studyEur J Prev Cardiol20132061042 105022952287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• insea-bj.orgCahier des villages et quartiers de villeDépartement du LITTORAL2002 Available from: http://www.insae-bj.org/recensement-population.htmlAccessed June 13, 2015
   Google Scholar
• JosephMWangLWangFUsing Landsat imagery and census data for urban population density modeling in Port-au-Prince, HaitiGISci Rem Sens2012492228 250
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Institut Haitian de Statistique et de l’InformatiquePopulation totale, population de 18 ans et plus, ménages et densités estimés en 2009Port-au-PrinceRépublique d’Haiti, Ministère de l’économie et des finances, Institut haitien de statistique et d’informatique2009
   Google Scholar
• ChalmersJMacMahonSManciaG1999 World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of hypertension. Guidelines sub-committee of the World Health OrganizationClin Exp Hypertens1999215–61009 106010423121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DespresJPLemieuxIPrud’hommeDTreatment of obesity: need to focus on high risk abdominally obese patientsBMJ20013227288716 72011264213
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PearsonTAMensahGAAlexanderRWMarkers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: application to clinical and public health practice: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart AssociationCirculation20031073499 51112551878
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MatthewsDRHoskerJPRudenskiASNaylorBATreacherDFTurnerRCHomeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in manDiabetologia1985287412 4193899825
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection E, Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in AThird Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final reportCirculation2002106253143 342112485966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZweigMHCampbellGReceiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots: a fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicineClin Chem1993394561 5778472349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YoudenWJIndex for rating diagnostic testsCancer19503132 3515405679
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SossaCDelisleHAguehVMakoutodeMFayomiBFour-year trends in cardiometabolic risk factors according to baseline abdominal obesity status in West-African adults: the Benin studyJ Obes2012201274085422506102
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SumnerAEZhouJDoumateyALow HDL-cholesterol with normal triglyceride levels is the most common lipid pattern in West Africans and African Americans with metabolic syndrome: implications for cardiovascular disease preventionCVD Prev Control20105375 8021113431
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SumnerAEVegaGLGenoveseDJFinleyKBBergmanRNBostonRCNormal triglyceride levels despite insulin resistance in African Americans: role of lipoprotein lipaseMetabolism2005547902 90915988699
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TaylorHLiuJWilsonGDistinct component profiles and high risk among African Americans with metabolic syndrome: the Jackson Heart studyDiabetes Care20083161248 125318332154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SobngwiEKengneAPBaltiEVMetabolic profile of sub-Saharan African patients presenting with first-ever-in-lifetime stroke: association with insulin resistanceJ Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis2012218639 64621683619
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HoebelSMalanLBothaJSwanepoelMOptimizing waist circumference cut-points for the metabolic syndrome in a South African cohort at 3-year follow-up: the SABPA prospective cohortEndocrine2014473959 96125564690
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KeeneDPriceCShun-ShinMJFrancisDPEffect on cardiovascular risk of high density lipoprotein targeted drug treatments niacin, fibrates, and CETP inhibitors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials including 117,411 patientsBMJ2014349g437925038074
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DelisleHNtandouGSodjinouRCouillardCDespresJPAt-risk serum cholesterol profile at both ends of the nutrition spectrum in West African adults? The Benin studyNutrients2013541366 138323603997
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MillanJPintoXMunozALipoprotein ratios: physiological significance and clinical usefulness in cardiovascular preventionVasc Health Risk Manag20095757 76519774217
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• PeerNSteynKLevittNDifferential obesity indices identify the metabolic syndrome in Black men and women in Cape Town: the CRIBSA studyJ Public Health (Oxf) Epub20151 24
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NtandouGDelisleHAguehVFayomiBAbdominal obesity explains the positive rural-urban gradient in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Benin, West AfricaNutr Res2009293180 18919358932
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PopkinBMGordon-LarsenPThe nutrition transition: worldwide obesity dynamics and their determinantsInt J Obes Relat Metab Disord200428Suppl 3S2 S915543214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MokhaJSSrinivasanSRDasmahapatraPUtility of waist-to-height ratio in assessing the status of central obesity and related cardiometabolic risk profile among normal weight and overweight/obese children: the Bogalusa Heart StudyBMC Pediatr2010107320937123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AshwellMLejeuneSMcPhersonKRatio of waist circumference to height may be better indicator of need for weight managementBMJ199631270273778611847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PoleselDNHirotsuCNozoeKTWaist circumference and postmenopause stages as the main associated factors for sleep apnea in women: a cross-sectional population-based studyMenopause2015228835 84425668307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TchernofADespresJPPathophysiology of human visceral obesity: an updatePhysiol Rev2013931359 40423303913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CameronAJSicreeRAZimmetPZCut-points for waist circumference in Europids and South AsiansObesity (Silver Spring)201018102039 204620019679
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HanTSvan LeerEMSeidellJCLeanMEWaist circumference action levels in the identification of cardiovascular risk factors: prevalence study in a random sampleBMJ199531170171401 14058520275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van GreevenbroekMMSchalkwijkCGStehouwerCDObesity-associated low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: causes and consequencesNeth J Med2013714174 18723723111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FuentesEFuentesFVilahurGBadimonLPalomoIMechanisms of chronic state of inflammation as mediators that link obese adipose tissue and metabolic syndromeMediators Inflamm2013201313658423843680
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RidkerPMBuringJECookNRRifaiNC-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and risk of incident cardiovascular events: an 8-year follow-up of 14719 initially healthy American womenCirculation20031073391 39712551861
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchistermanEFPerkinsNJLiuABondellHOptimal cut-point and its corresponding Youden Index to discriminate individuals using pooled blood samplesEpidemiology200516173 8115613948
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar