Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-Infection and Associated Factors at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Four-Year Retrospective Study

References

• WHO. Global Tuberculosis Report 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-report-2019. Accessed March 5, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2015. 20th ed. World Health Organization; 2015. Available from: http://www.who.int/iris/handle/10665/191102. Accessed March 5, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• CDC. Managing Drug Interactions in the Treatment of HIV-Related Tuberculosis; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Office of Infectious Diseases National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Division of Tuberculosis Elimination. 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Fauci AS, Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 19th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Jain SK, Aggarwal JK, Rajpal S, Baveja U. Prevalence of HIV infection among tuberculosis patients in Delhi: a Sentinel Surveillance Study. Ind J Tub. 2000;47(21):22–26.
   Google Scholar
• EFMOH. Guidelines for Clinical and Programmatic Management of TB, TB/HIV/AIDS and Leprosy in Ethiopia. 5th ed. Addis Ababa: Federal Ministry of Health; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• FMOH. HIV Prevention and Control Office: Single Point HIV Prevalence Estimate. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 2007. Available from: http://www.etharc.org/aidsineth/publications/singlepointprev. Accessed March 5, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• MacPherson P, Lebina L, Motsomi K, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection among household contacts of index cases in two South African provinces: analysis of baseline data from a cluster-randomised trial. PLoS One. 2020;15(3):e0230376. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0230376
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV/AIDS Infection: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• EFMOH. Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health. Preliminary report of Ethiopia national TB/HIV sentinel surveillance. One year Report (July 2011 - June 2012). 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Corbett EL, Watt CJ, Walker N, et al. The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(9):1009–1021. doi:10.1001/archinte.163.9.1009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herce ME, Muyoyeta M, Topp SM, Henostroza G, Reid SE. Coordinating the prevention, treatment, and care continuum for HIV-associated tuberculosis in prisons: a health systems strengthening approach. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2018;13(6):492–500. doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000505
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CSA. The population and housing census of Ethiopia: statistical report for country level. Booklet Report; 2007.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. Automated Real-Time Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology for Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance: Xpert MTB/RIF System. Policy Statement. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Zeka AN, Tasbakan S, Cavusoglu C. Evaluation of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis and detection of rifampin resistance in pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 2011;49(12):4138–4141. doi:10.1128/JCM.05434-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. Management of TB and HIV Co-Infection Clinical Protocol for the European Region. 4th ed. 2013. Available from: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/218515/. Accessed March 5, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• EFMOH. Ethiopia National Treatment Guideline for TB in Pediatric. 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Esmael A, Wubie M, Tsegaye G, Endris M. Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in debre markos referral hospital in Northwest Ethiopia. A Five Years Retrospective Study. J AIDS Clin Res. 2013;4:263. doi:10.4172/2155-6113.1000263
   Google Scholar
• WHO. TB control and prevention guideline. 2010. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44425/9789241564069_eng.pdf?sequence=1. Accessed March 5, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Houston S, Ray S, Mahari M, et al. The association of tuberculosis and HIV infection in Harare, Zimbabwe. Tuber Lung Dis. 1994;75:220–226. doi:10.1016/0962-8479(94)90012-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pefura Yone EW, Kuaban C, Kengne AP. HIV testing, HIV status and outcomes of treatment for tuberculosis in a major diagnosis and treatment centre in Yaounde, Cameroon: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis. 2012;12:190. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-12-190
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adjei AA, Adiku TK, Ayeh-Kumi PF, Hesse IF. Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among tuberculosis suspect patients in Accra, Ghana. West Afr J Med. 2006;25:38–41. doi:10.4314/wajm.v25i1.28243
   Google Scholar
• Amare D. Tuberculosis and HIV Co-infection among patients on tuberculosis treatment at Fenote Selam District Hospital, Amhara Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia. Glob J Med Res. 2015;15(5):2249–4618.
   Google Scholar
• Mekonnen D, Deribe A, Desalegn E. TB/HIV co-infections and associated factors among patients on directly observed treatment short course in Northeastern Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:666. doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1664-0
   Google Scholar
• Tadesse S, Tadesse T. HIV co-infection among tuberculosis patients in Dabat, Northwest Ethiopia. J Infect Dis Immun. 2013;5(3):29–32. doi:10.5897/JIDI2013.0117
   Google Scholar
• Zerdo Z. TB- HIV co-infection rate among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and associated risk factors in Southern Ethiopia. Sci Technol Arts Res J. 2014;3(3):87–92. doi:10.4314/star.v3i3.14
   Google Scholar
• Ejeta E. HIV co-infection among tuberculosis patients on directly observed Treatment short course in Western Ethiopia. Nat Sci. 2014;12(9):68–72.
   Google Scholar