Association Between Biofilm Formation, Structure, and the Expression Levels of Genes Related to biofilm formation and Biofilm-Specific Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated from Burn Infection in Ahvaz, Iran

References

• Rowan MP, Cancio LC, Elster EA, et al. Burn wound healing and treatment: review and advancements. Crit Care. 2015;19:243. doi:10.1186/s13054-015-0961-226067660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Church D, Elsayed S, Reid O, Winston B, Lindsay R. Burn wound infections. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006;19(2):403–434. doi:10.1128/CMR.19.2.403-434.200616614255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dedeić-Ljubović A, Granov Đ, Hukić M. Emergence of extensive drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumanniiin the Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Med Glas (Zenica). 2015;12(2):169–176. doi:10.17392/809-1526276655
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gaddy JA, Actis LA. Regulation of Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm formation. Future Microbiol. 2009;4(3):273–278. doi:10.2217/fmb.09.519327114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brossard KA, Campagnari AA. The Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm-associated protein plays a role in adherence to human epithelial cells. Infect Immun. 2012;80(1):228–233. doi:10.1128/IAI.05913-1122083703
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaddy JA, Tomaras AP, Actis LA. The Acinetobacter baumannii 19606 OmpA protein plays a role in biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces and in the interaction of this pathogen with eukaryotic cells. Infect Immun. 2009;77(8):3150–3160. doi:10.1128/IAI.00096-0919470746
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomaras AP, Dorsey CW, Edelmann RE, Actis LA. Attachment to and biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces by Acinetobacter baumannii: involvement of a novel chaperone-usher pili assembly system. Microbiology. 2003;149(pt2):3473–3484. doi:10.1099/mic.0.26541-014663080
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi AH, Slamti L, Avci FY, Pier GB, Maira-Litrán T. The pgaABCD locus of Acinetobacter baumannii encodes the production of poly-beta-1-6-N-acetylglucosamine, which is critical for biofilm formation. J Bacteriol. 2009;191(19):5953–5963. doi:10.1128/JB.00647-0919633088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhargava N, Sharma P, Capalash N. Quorum sensing in Acinetobacter: an emerging pathogen. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2010;36(4):349–360. doi:10.3109/1040841X.2010.51226920846031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart PS. Antimicrobial tolerance in biofilms. Microbiol Spectr. 2015;3. doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.MB-0010-2014
   Google Scholar
• Fallah A, Rezaee MA, Hasani A, Barhaghi MHS, Kafil HS. Frequency of bap and cpaA virulence genes in drug resistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and their role in biofilm formation. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2017;20(8):849–855.29085575
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monfared AM, Rezaei A, Poursina F, Faghri J. Detection of genes involved in biofilm formation in MDR and XDR Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from human clinical specimens in Isfahan, Iran. Arch Clin Infect Dis. 2019;14(2):e85766.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badmasti F, Siadat SD, Bouzari S, Ajdary S, Shahcheraghi F. Molecular detection of genes related to biofilm formation in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from clinical settings. J Med Microbiol. 2015;64(Pt 5):559–564. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.00005825813817
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang YC, Huang TW, Yang YS, et al. Biofilm formation is not associated with worse outcome in Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemic pneumonia. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):7289. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-25661-929740176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He X, Lu F, Yuan F, et al. Biofilm formation caused by clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates is associated with overexpression of the AdeFGH efflux pump. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015;59(8):4817–4825. doi:10.1128/AAC.00877-1526033730
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall GS. Non-fermenting and miscellaneous gram-negative bacilli In: Mahon CR, Lehman DC, Manuselis G, editors. Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. Maryland Heights (MO): Saunders/Elsevier; 2011:482–501.
   Google Scholar
• Turton JF, Woodford N, Glover J, Yarde S, Kaufmann ME, Pitt TL. Identification of Acinetobacter baumannii by detection of the blaOXA-51-like carbapenemase gene intrinsic to this species. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44(8):2974–2976. doi:10.1128/JCM.01021-0616891520
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CLSI M100-S28. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Twenty-eight informational supplement. 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Jones RN, Ferraro MJ, Reller LB, Schreckenberger PC, Swenson JM, Sader HS. Multicenter studies of tigecycline disk diffusion susceptibility results for Acinetobacter spp. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45(1):227–230. doi:10.1128/JCM.01588-0617093026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira AE, Marchetti DP, Cunha GR, et al. Molecular characterization of clinical multiresistant isolates of Acinetobacter sp. from hospitals in Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2011;44(6):725–730. doi:10.1590/S0037-8682201100060001422231246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi L, Li H, Zhang C, et al. Relationship between antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and biofilm-specific resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:483. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.0048327148178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang D, Xia J, Xu Y, et al. Biological features of biofilm-forming ability of Acinetobacter baumannii strains derived from 121 elderly patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia. Clin Exp Med. 2016;16(1):73–80. doi:10.1007/s10238-014-0333-225543268
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutiérrez D, Ruas-Madiedo P, Martínez B, Rodríguez A, García P. Effective removal of staphylococcal biofilms by the endolysin LysH5. PLoS One. 2014;9(9):e107307. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.010730725203125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navidifar T, Amin M, Rashno M. Effects of sub-inhibitory concentrations of meropenem and tigecycline on the expression of genes regulating pili, efflux pumps and virulence factors involved in biofilm formation by Acinetobacter baumannii. Infect Drug Resist. 2019;12:1099–1111. doi:10.2147/IDR.S19999331190904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almasaudi SB. Acinetobacter spp. as nosocomial pathogens: epidemiology and resistance features. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2018;25(3):586–596. doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.02.00929686523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asif M, Alvi IA, Rehman SU. Insight into Acinetobacter baumannii: pathogenesis, global resistance, mechanisms of resistance, treatment options, and alternative modalities. Infect Drug Resist. 2018;11:1249–1260. doi:10.2147/IDR.S16675030174448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez-Villoria AM, Valverde-Garduno V. Antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii increasing success remains a challenge as a nosocomial pathogen. J Pathog. 2016;2016:7318075. doi:10.1155/2016/731807526966582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tavakol M, Momtaz H, Mohajeri P, Shokoohizadeh L, Tajbakhsh E. Genotyping and distribution of putative virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes of Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from raw meat. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2018;7:120. doi:10.1186/s13756-018-0405-230323923
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koeleman JGM, Stoof J, Van Der Bijl MW, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CMJE, Savelkoul PHM. Identification of epidemic strains of Acinetobacter baumannii by integrase gene PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 2001;39(1):8–13. doi:10.1128/JCM.39.1.8-13.200111136740
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fallah F, Noori M, Hashemi A, et al. Prevalence of blaNDM, blaPER, blaVEB, blaIMP, and blaVIM Genes among Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Two Hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Scientifica (Cairo). 2014;2014:245162.25133013
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aksoy MD, Çavuşlu Ş, Tuğrul HM. Investigation of metallo beta lactamases and oxacilinases in carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from inpatients. Balkan Med J. 2015;32(1):79–83. doi:10.5152/balkanmedj.2015.1530225759776
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mlynarcik P, Roderova M, Kolar M. Primer evaluation for PCR and its application for detection of carbapenemases in enterobacteriaceae. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2016;9(1):e29314. doi:10.5812/jjm27099689
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moura A, Henriques I, Ribeiro R, Correia A. Prevalence and characterization of integrons from bacteria isolated from a slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plant. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007;60(6):1243–1250. doi:10.1093/jac/dkm34017913715
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirnejad R, Mostofi S, Masjedian F. Antibiotic resistance and carriage class 1and 2 integrons in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from Tehran,Iran. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2013;3(2):140–145. doi:10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60038-623593593
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taherikalani M, Fatolahzadeh B, Emaneini M, Soroush S, Feizabadi MM. Distribution of different carbapenem resistant clones of Acinetobacter baumannii in Tehran hospitals. New Microbiol. 2009;32(3):265–271.19845108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Najar Peerayeh S, Karmostaji A. Molecular identification of resistance determinants, integrons and genetic relatedness of extensively drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015;8(7):e27021. doi:10.5812/jjm26421140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michail G, Labrou M, Pitiriga V, et al. Activity of tigecycline in combination with colistin, meropenem, rifampin, or gentamicin against KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a murine thigh infection model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013;57(12):6028–6033. doi:10.1128/AAC.00891-1324060874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garza-González E, Llaca-Díaz JM, Bosques-Padilla FJ, González GM. Prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria at a tertiary-care teaching hospital in Mexico: special focus on Acinetobacter baumannii. Chemotherapy. 2010;56(4):275–279. doi:10.1159/00031990320693798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baadani AM, Thawadi SI, El-Khizzi NA, Omrani AS. Prevalence of colistin and tigecycline resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from 2 hospitals in Riyadh Region over a 2-year period. Saudi Med J. 2013;34(3):248–253.23475088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahador A, Taheri M, Pourakbari B, et al. Emergence of rifampicin, tigecycline, and colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Iran; spreading of MDR strains of novel international clone variants. Microb Drug Resist. 2013;19(5):397–406. doi:10.1089/mdr.2012.023323768166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasan B, Perveen K, Olsen B, Zahra R. Emergence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in hospitals in Pakistan. J Med Microbiol. 2014;63(1):50–55. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.063925-024085817
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabin N, Zheng Y, Opoku-Temeng C, Du Y, Bonsu E, Sintim HO. Agents that inhibit bacterial biofilm formation. Future Med Chem. 2015;7(5):647–671. doi:10.4155/fmc.15.725921403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Baño J, Martí S, Soto S, et al. Biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii: associated features and clinical implications. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008;14(3):276–278. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01916.x18190568
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, Nation RL, Owen RJ, Wong S, Spelman D, Franklin C. Antibiograms of multidrug-resistant clinical Acinetobacter baumannii: promising therapeutic options for treatment of infection with colistin-resistant strains. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45(5):594–598. doi:10.1086/52065817682994
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurung J, Khyriem AB, Banik A, Lyngdoh WV, Choudhury B, Bhattacharyya P. Association of biofilm production with multidrug resistance among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from intensive care unit. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2013;17(4):214–218. doi:10.4103/0972-5229.11841624133328
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Abdi-Ali A, Hendiani S, Mohammadi P, Gharavi S. Assessment of biofilm formation and resistance to imipenem and ciprofloxacin among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Tehran. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2014;7(1):e8606. doi:10.5812/jjm25147652
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallant CV, Daniels C, Leung JM, et al. Common beta-lactamases inhibit bacterial biofilm formation. Mol Microbiol. 2005;58(4):1012–1024. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04892.x16262787
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macià MD, Rojo-Molinero E, Oliver A. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing in biofilm-growing bacteria. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014;20(10):981–990. doi:10.1111/1469-0691.1265124766583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranjbar R, Karami A, Farshad S, Giammanco GM, Mammina C. Typing methods used in the molecular epidemiology of microbial pathogens: a how-to guide. New Microbiol. 2014;37(1):1–15.24531166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aljindan R, Alsamman K, Elhadi N. ERIC-PCR genotyping of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from different clinical specimens. Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2018;6(1):13–17. doi:10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_138_1630787810
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coyne S, Courvalin P, Périchon B. Efflux-mediated antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter spp. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011;55:947–953. doi:10.1128/AAC.01388-1021173183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikhalizadeh V, Hasani A, Ahangarzadeh Rezaee M, et al. Comprehensive study to investigate the role of various aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. J Infect Chemother. 2017;23(2):74–79. doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2016.09.01227889248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Li Z, He X, et al. Overproduction of efflux pumps caused reduced susceptibility to carbapenem under consecutive imipenem-selected stress in Acinetobacter baumannii. Infect Drug Resist. 2018;11(3):457–467. doi:10.2147/IDR.S15142329636625
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wieczorek P, Sacha P, Hauschild T, Zórawski M, Krawczyk M, Tryniszewska E. Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii– the role of AdeABC (RND family) efflux pump in resistance to antibiotics. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2008;46(3):257–267. doi:10.2478/v10042-008-0056-x19056528
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnet S, Courvalin P, Lambert T. Resistance-nodulation-cell division-type efflux pump involved in aminoglycoside resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii strain BM4454. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001;45(12):3375–3380. doi:10.1128/AAC.45.12.3375-3380.200111709311
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchand I, Damier-Piolle L, Courvalin P, Lambert T. Expression of the RND-type efflux pump AdeABC in Acinetobacter baumannii is regulated by the AdeRS two-component system. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004;48(9):3298–3304. doi:10.1128/AAC.48.9.3298-3304.200415328088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dou Q, Zou M, Li J, Wang H, Hu Y, Liu W. AdeABC efflux pump and resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii against carbapenem. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2017;42(4):426–433. doi:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2017.04.01028490701
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ardehali SH, Azimi T, Fallah F, Owrang M, Aghamohammadi N, Azimi L. Role of efflux pumps in reduced susceptibility to tigecycline in Acinetobacter baumannii. New Microbes New Infect. 2019;30:100547. doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2019.10054731193724
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li H, Wang X, Zhang Y, et al. The role of RND efflux pump and global regulators in tigecycline resistance in clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Future Microbiol. 2015;10(3):337–346. doi:10.2217/fmb.15.725812457
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar