Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Clostridium perfringens Isolates in Hospitalized Diarrheal Patients from Central China

References

• Rood JI, Adams V, Lacey J, et al. Expansion of the Clostridium perfringens toxin-based typing scheme. Anaerobe. 2018;53:5–10. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.04.01129866424
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eichner M, Augustin C, Fromm A, et al. In colon epithelia, Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin causes focal leaks by targeting claudins which are apically accessible due to tight junction derangement. J Infect Dis. 2017;217(1):147–157. doi:10.1093/infdis/jix48528968861
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghoneim NH, Hamza DA. Epidemiological studies on Clostridium perfringens food poisoning in retail foods. Rev Sci Tech. 2017;36(3):1025–1032. doi:10.20506/rst.36.3.273430160688
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azimirad M, Gholami F, Yadegar A, et al. Prevalence and characterization of Clostridium perfringens toxinotypes among patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea in Iran. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):7792. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44281-531127185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrestha A, Uzal FA, McClane BA. Enterotoxic Clostridia: clostridium perfringens enteric diseases. Microbiol Spectr. 2018;6(5):10. doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0003-2017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanagimoto K, Uematsu K, Yamagami T, et al. The Circulation of type F Clostridium perfringens among humans, sewage, and ruditapes philippinarum (Asari Clams). Pathogens. 2020;9(8):669. doi:10.3390/pathogens9080669
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehdizadeh Gohari I, Navarro AM, Li J, et al. Pathogenicity and virulence of Clostridium perfringens. Virulence. 2021;12(1):723–753.33843463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Posthaus H, Kittl S, Tarek B, et al. Clostridium perfringens type C necrotic enteritis in pigs: diagnosis, pathogenesis, and prevention. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2020;32(2):203–212. doi:10.1177/104063871990018031955664
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fohler S, Klein G, Hoedemaker M, et al. Diversity of Clostridium perfringens toxin-genotypes from dairy farms. BMC Microbiol. 2016;16(1):199. doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0812-627577792
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derongs L, Druilhe C, Ziebal C, et al. Characterization of Clostridium perfringens isolates collected from three agricultural biogas plants over a one-year period. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(15):5450. doi:10.3390/ijerph17155450
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Radaideh AJ, Badran EF, Shehabi AA. Diversity of toxin genotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens isolates from feces of infants. Germs. 2019;9(1):28–34. doi:10.18683/germs.2019.115431119114
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xiao Y, Wagendorp A, Moezelaar R, et al. A wide variety of Clostridium perfringens type A food-borne isolates that carry a chromosomal cpe gene belong to one multilocus sequence typing cluster. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012;78(19):7060–7068. doi:10.1128/AEM.01486-1222865060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuda A, Aung MS, Urushibara N, et al. Prevalence and genetic diversity of toxin genes in clinical isolates of clostridium perfringens: coexistence of alpha-toxin variant and binary enterotoxin genes (bec/cpile). Toxins. 2019;11(6):326. doi:10.3390/toxins11060326
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim YJ, Kim SH, Ahn J, et al. Prevalence of Clostridium perfringens toxin in patients suspected of having antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Anaerobe. 2017;48:34–36. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.06.01528655582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiu R, Caim S, Painset A, et al. Phylogenomic analysis of gastroenteritis-associated Clostridium perfringens in England and Wales over a 7-year period indicates distribution of clonal toxigenic strains in multiple outbreaks and extensive involvement of enterotoxin-encoding (CPE) plasmids. Microb Genom. 2019;5(10):e000297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahamat Abdelrahim A, Radomski N, Delannoy S, et al. Large-scale genomic analyses and toxinotyping of clostridium perfringens implicated in foodborne outbreaks in France. Front Microbiol. 2019;10:777. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.0077731057505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baums CG, Schotte U, Amtsberg G, et al. Diagnostic multiplex PCR for toxin genotyping of Clostridium perfringens isolates. Vet Microbiol. 2004;100(1–2):11–16. doi:10.1016/S0378-1135(03)00126-315135508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar S, Stecher G, Tamura K. MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Mol Biol Evol. 2016;33(7):1870–1874. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw05427004904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi S, Wada A, Shibasaki S, et al. Spread of a large plasmid carrying the cpe gene and the tcp locus amongst Clostridium perfringens isolates from nosocomial outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis in a geriatric hospital. Epidemiol Infect. 2009;137(1):108–113. doi:10.1017/S095026880800079418485266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagahama M, Ochi S, Oda M, et al. Recent insights into Clostridium perfringens beta-toxin. Toxins. 2015;7(2):396–406. doi:10.3390/toxins702039625654787
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng S, Hin T, Fong CJ, et al. Acute hemorrhagic necrotizing enteritis: a case report and review of the literature. Ann Palliat Med. 2021;10(5):5853–5861. doi:10.21037/apm-20-113132921115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sim K, Shaw AG, Randell P, et al. Dysbiosis anticipating necrotizing enterocolitis in very premature infants. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;60(3):389–397. doi:10.1093/cid/ciu82225344536
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao X, Yang Q, Huang X, et al. Effects of Clostridium perfringens beta2 toxin on apoptosis, inflammation, and barrier function of intestinal porcine epithelial cells. Microb Pathog. 2020;147:104379. doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2020.10437932649964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Góra B, Gofron Z, Grosiak M, et al. Toxin profile of fecal Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from children with autism spectrum disorders. Anaerobe. 2018;51:73–77. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.03.00529526827
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alshammari MK, AlKhulaifi MM, Al Farraj DA, et al. Incidence of Clostridium perfringens and its toxin genes in the gut of children with autism spectrum disorder. Anaerobe. 2020;61:102114. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.10211431704282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw AG, Cornwell E, Sim K, et al. Dynamics of toxigenic Clostridium perfringens colonisation in a cohort of prematurely born neonatal infants. BMC Pediatr. 2020;20(1):75. doi:10.1186/s12887-020-1976-732070310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salamon D, Ochońska D, Wojak I, et al. Evidence for infections by the same strain of beta 2-toxigenic clostridium perfringens type A acquired in one hospital ward. Pol J Microbiol. 2019;68(3):323–329. doi:10.33073/pjm-2019-03531880878
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forward LJ, Tompkins DS, Brett MM. Detection of Clostridium difficile cytotoxin and Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in cases of diarrhoea in the community. J Med Microbiol. 2003;52(Pt 9):753–757.12909650
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilmis B, Le Monnier A, Zahar JR. Gut microbiota, antibiotic therapy and antimicrobial resistance: a narrative review. Microorganisms. 2020;8(2):269. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8020269
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mpamugo O, Donovan T, Brett MM. Enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens as a cause of sporadic cases of diarrhoea. J Med Microbiol. 1995;43(6):442–445.7473678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bintsis T. Foodborne pathogens. AIMS Microbiol. 2017;3(3):529–563. doi:10.3934/microbiol.2017.3.52931294175
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee NY, Suk KT. The role of the gut microbiome in liver cirrhosis treatment. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;22(1):199. doi:10.3390/ijms22010199
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albuquerque A, Macedo G. Spontaneous bacterial empyema in a cirrhotic patient due to Clostridium perfringens: case report and review of the literature. Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;36(2):69–71. doi:10.1016/j.gastrohep.2012.04.00722749506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banaszkiewicz A, Kądzielska J, Gawrońska A, et al. Enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens infection and pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2014;8(4):276–281. doi:10.1016/j.crohns.2013.08.01824060617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brynestad S, Sarker MR, McClane BA, et al. Enterotoxin plasmid from Clostridium perfringens is conjugative. Infect Immun. 2001;69(5):3483–3487. doi:10.1128/IAI.69.5.3483-3487.200111292780
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu J, Zhang W, Xie B, et al. Detection and toxin typing of Clostridium perfringens in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples by PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 2009;47(3):807–810. doi:10.1128/JCM.01324-0819109478
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajkovic A, Jovanovic J, Monteiro S, et al. Detection of toxins involved in foodborne diseases caused by Gram-positive bacteria. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2020;19(4):1605–1657. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.1257133337102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishioka T, Aihara Y, Carle Y, et al. Contrasting results from two commercial kits testing for the presence of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in feces from norovirus-infected human patients. Clin Lab. 2020;66(5). doi:10.7754/Clin.Lab.2019.190801
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar