Advanced search
Publication Cover
Infection and Drug Resistance Volume 15, 2022 - Issue
Submit an article Journal homepage
408
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Comparison of Single vs Combination Drug Therapy in Extensively Drug Resistant Salmonella typhi: An Observational Study from Pakistan

Sadia Ishaque1 Department of Medicine, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan;2 Department of Infectious Disease Shaheed Mohtarma, Benazir Bhutto Institute of Trauma, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PakistanCorrespondence[email protected]
View further author information
,
Beenish Syed1 Department of Medicine, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan;3 Department of Infectious Diseases, Sindh Infectious Diseases Hospital and Research Center, Karachi, PakistanView further author information
,
Sunil Kumar Dodani4 Department of Infectious Diseases, Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation, Karachi, PakistanView further author information
&
Sana Anwar5 Sana Anwar, Department of Microbiology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, PakistanView further author information
Pages 6093-6100 | Received 24 Apr 2022, Accepted 01 Aug 2022, Published online: 21 Oct 2022

References

  • World Health Organisation. Typhoid Fact Sheet. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/typhoid. Accessed September 12, 2022.
  • Parry CM, Hien TT, Dougan G, White NJ, Farrar JJ. Typhoid fever. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(22):1770–1782. doi:10.1056/NEJMra020201
  • Rowe B, Ward LR, Threlfall EJ. Multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi: a worldwide epidemic. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;24(Suppl 1):S106–9. doi:10.1093/clinids/24.Supplement_1.S106
  • Wong MH, Yan M, Chan EW, Biao K, Chen S. Emergence of clinical Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates with concurrent resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014;58(7):3752–3756. doi:10.1128/AAC.02770-13
  • Akram J, Khan AS, Khan HA, et al. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) typhoid: evolution, prevention, and its management. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2(2020):6432580.
  • Klemm EJ, Shakoor S, Page AJ, et al. Emergence of an extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi clone harboring a promiscuous plasmid encoding resistance to fluoroquinolones and third generation cephalosporins. MBio. 2018;9(1):e00105–18. doi:10.1128/mBio.00105-18
  • National Institute of health. Government of Pakistan. seasonal awareness and alert letter. Available from: https://www.nih.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/52nd-Issue-SAAL-print-VERSION-11-OCTOBER-2021.pdf. Accessed September 12, 2022.
  • Wang Y, Dan L, Yingying J, et al. Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella Typhi outbreak by waterborne infection — Beijing Municipality, China, January–February 2022. China CDC Weekly. 2022;4(12):254–258. doi:10.46234/ccdcw2022.062
  • Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Society of Pakistan. Typhoid Management Guidelines; 2019. Available from: https://www.mmidsp.com/typhoid-management-guidelines-2019/. Accessed September 12, 2022.
  • Qureshi S, Naveed AB, Yousafzai MT, et al. Response of extensively drug resistant Salmonella Typhi to treatment with meropenem and azithromycin. Pakistan PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(10):e0008682. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008682
  • Yousafzai MT, Irfan S, Thobani RS, et al. Burden of culture confirmed enteric fever cases in Karachi, Pakistan: Surveillance for Enteric fever in Asia project (SEAP), 2016–2019. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(Suppl 3):S214–S221. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1308
  • Gupta S, Handa A, Chadha DS, Ganjoo RK, Panda RC. Profile of culture positive enteric fever from Bangalore. Med J Armed Forces India. 2009;65(4):328–331. doi:10.1016/S0377-1237(09)80093-2
  • Effa EE, Bukirwa H. Azithromycin for treating uncomplicated typhoid and paratyphoid fever (enteric fever). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(4). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006083.pub2
  • Butler T. Treatment of typhoid fever in the 21st century promises and shortcomings. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011;17(7):959–963. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03552.x
  • Shahid S, Mahesar M, Ghouri N, Noreen S. A review of clinical profile, complications and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella Typhi isolates in children in Karachi. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):900. doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06599-2
  • Munir T, Lodhi M, Ansari JK, Andleeb S, Ahmed M. Extended spectrum beta lactamase producing cephalosporin resistant Salmonella Typhi, reported from Rawalpindi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2016;66(8):1035–1036.
  • Sajib MS, Tanmoy AM, Hooda Y, et al. Tracking the emergence of azithromycin resistance in multiple genotypes of typhoidal Salmonella. Mbio. 2021;12(1):e03481–20. doi:10.1128/mBio.03481-20
  • World health organization. Target product profile for therapy of uncomplicated enteric fever. Available from: file:///C:/Users/User/Desktop/9789240003835-eng.pdf. Accessed September 12, 2022.
  • Vighio A, Syed MA, Hussain I, et al. Risk factors of extensively drug resistant typhoid fever among children in Karachi: case-control study. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2021;7(5):e27276. PMID: 33973861; PMCID: PMC8150408. doi:10.2196/27276
  • Qamar FN, Yousafzai MT, Khaliq A, et al. Adverse events following immunization with typhoid conjugate vaccine in an outbreak setting in Hyderabad, Pakistan. Vaccine. 2020;38(19):3518–3523. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.03.028

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.