COVID-19 Vaccination Breakthrough Infections in a Real-World Setting: Using Community Reporters to Evaluate Vaccine Effectiveness

References

• Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B., et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020;384(5):403–416. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2035389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(27):2603–2615. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2034577
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadoff J, Gray G, Vandebosch A, et al. Safety and efficacy of single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(23):2187–2201. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2101544
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi A, Ibanez LI, Strohmeier S, Krammer F, Garcia-Sastre A, Schotsaert M. Non-sterilizing, infection-permissive vaccination with inactivated influenza virus vaccine reshapes subsequent virus infection-induced protective heterosubtypic immunity from cellular to humoral cross-reactive immune responses. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1166. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01166
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Guideline for Postmarketing Reporting of Adverse Drug Experiences. Rockville, MD: US Food and Drug Administration; 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Thompson RN, Hill EM, Gog JR. SARS-CoV-2 incidence and vaccine escape. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(7):913–914. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00202-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis after receipt of the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine - United States, December 14–23, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(2):46–51. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7002e1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis after receipt of the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine - United States, December 21, 2020-January 10, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(2):125–129. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7004e1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao SC, Wang CH, Chang KC, Hung MJ, Chen HY, Liao SC. Guillain-barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Emerg Infect Dis. 2021;27(12):3175–3178. doi:10.3201/eid2712.211634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Misu T, Kortepeter CM, Munoz MA, Wu E, Dal Pan GJ. An evaluation of “Drug Ineffective” postmarketing reports in drug safety surveillance. Drugs Real World Outcomes. 2018;5(2):91–99. doi:10.1007/s40801-018-0131-3
   Google Scholar
• Geneva: Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS). Development and Rational Use of Standardised MedDRA Queries (Smqs): Retrieving Adverse Drug Reactions with MedDRA. 2nd ed. 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion (Public Health Ontario). SARS-Cov-2 Infections After Vaccination – What We Know so Far. Toronto, ON: Queen’s Printer for Ontario; 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Teran RA, Walblay KA, Shane EL, et al. Postvaccination SARS-CoV-2 infections among skilled nursing facility residents and staff members - Chicago, Illinois, December 2020-March 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(17):632–638. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7017e1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang L, Hijano DR, Gaur AH, et al. Asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections after BNT162b2 vaccination in a routinely screened workforce. JAMA. 2021;325(24):2500–2502. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.6564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pera M. Marin records 21 “breakthrough” infections after COVID-19 vaccines. The Mercury News; 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Haas R. Oregon reports small number of COVID cases in vaccinated people. OPB; 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Washington State Department of Health. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough surveillance and case information resource; 2022. Available from: https://doh.wa.gov/sites/default/files/2022-02/420-339-VaccineBreakthroughReport.pdf. Accessed August 9, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Scobie HM, Johnson AG, Suthar AB, et al. Monitoring Incidence of COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths, by vaccination Status - 13 U.S. Jurisdictions, April 4-July 17, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(37):1284–1290. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7037e1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang W, Kaelber DC, Xu R, Berger NA. Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections, hospitalizations, and mortality in vaccinated patients with cancer in the US between December 2020 and November 2021. JAMA Oncol. 2022;4:54.
   Google Scholar
• Dreyer NA, Reynolds M, DeFilippo Mack C, et al. Self-reported symptoms from exposure to Covid-19 provide support to clinical diagnosis, triage and prognosis: an exploratory analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020;38:101909. doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreyer N, Petruski-Ivleva N, Albert L, et al. Identification of a vulnerable group for post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC): people with autoimmune diseases recover more slowly from COVID-19. Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:3941–3949. doi:10.2147/IJGM.S313486
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreyer NA, Reynolds MW, Albert L, et al. How frequent are acute reactions to COVID-19 vaccination and who is at risk? Available from: https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2021.10.14.21265010v1. Accessed August 9, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) 2021 case definition; 2021.
   Google Scholar
• CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Case Investigations Team. COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections reported to CDC — United States, January 1–April 30, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70:792–793. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7021e3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown CM, Vostok J, Johnson H, et al. Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infections, including COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections, associated with large public gatherings - Barnstable County, Massachusetts, July 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021;70(31):1059–1062. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7031e2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreyer NA, Blackburn SC, Mt-Isa S, et al. Direct-to-patient research: piloting a new approach to understanding drug safety during pregnancy. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2015;1(2):e22. doi:10.2196/publichealth.4939
   PubMedGoogle Scholar