Prevalence of nontyphoidal Salmonella serogroups and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in a university teaching hospital in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

References

• GrimontPADWeillFXAntigenic formulae of the Salmonellae serovars9th edGeneva, SwitzerlandWorld Health Organization2007 Available from: http://www.pasteur.fr/ip/portal/action/WebdriveActionEvent/oid/01s-000036-089Accessed September 1, 2013
   Google Scholar
• Crum-CianfoneNFSalmonellosis and the gastrointestinal tract: more than just peanut butterCurr Gastroenterol Rep20081042443118627657
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ScallanEHoekstraRMAnguloFJFoodborne illness acquired in the United States – major pathogensEmerg Infect Dis20111771521192848
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCDC Estimates of foodborne illness in the United States2011 Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/features/dsfoodborneestimates/Accessed September 1, 2013
   Google Scholar
• ChiuCHSuLHHungCCChenKLChuCPrevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of serogroup D nontyphoidal Salmonella in a university hospital in TaiwanJ Clin Microbiol20044241544114715794
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PanhotraBRSaxenaAKAl-GhamdiAMEmerging nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from patients having acute diarrheal diseaseAnn Saudi Med20042433233615573842
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LingJMKooICKamKMAntimicrobial susceptibility and molecular epidemiology of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis strains isolated in Hong Kong from 1986 to 1996J Clin Microbiol199836169316999620402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RodrigueDCTauxeRVRoweBInternational increase in Salmonella Enteritidis: a new pandemic?Epidemiol Infect199010521272200698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CrumpJAMedallaFMJoyceKWEmerging Infections Program NARMS Working GroupAntimicrobial resistance among invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica isolates in the United States: National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, 1996 to 2007Antimicrob Agents Chemother2011551148115421199924
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VoetschACVan GilderTJAnguloFJEmerging Infections Program FoodNet Working GroupFoodNet estimate of the burden of illness caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella infections in the United StatesClin Infect Dis200438S127S13415095181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MajowiczSEMustoJScallanEInternational Collaboration on Enteric Disease ‘Burden of Illness’ StudiesThe global burden of nontyphoidal Salmonella gastroenteritisClin Infect Dis20105088288920158401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HohmannELNontyphoidal salmonellosisClin Infect Dis20013226326911170916
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FarmerJJIIIEnterobacteriaceae: introduction and identificationMurrayPRBaronEJPfallerMATenoverFCYolkenRHManual of Clinical MicrobiologyWashington, DCAmerican Society for Microbiology Press1995
   Google Scholar
• Clinical and Laboratory Standards InstitutePerformance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: 20th informational supplement. CLSI document 2010; M100-S20Wayne, PAClinical and Laboratory Standards Institute2010 Available from: http://www.techstreet.com/products/1662846Accessed September 1, 2013
   Google Scholar
• HammerOHarperDRyanPPast: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data AnalysisPalaeontologia Electronica2001419
   Google Scholar
• SunSNegreaARhenMAnderssonDIGenetic analysis of colistin resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar TyphimuriumAntimicrob Agents Chemother2009532298230519332669
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MajowiczSEThe global burden of nontyphoidal Salmonella gasteroenteritisClin Infect Dis20105088288920158401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RocourtJMoyGVierkKThe present state of foodborne disease in OECD countriesGeneva, SwitzerlandWorld Health Organization2003 Available from: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/foodborne_disease/oecd_fbd.pdfAccessed September 1, 2013
   Google Scholar
• GoldbergMBRubinRHThe spectrum of Salmonella infectionInfect Dis Clin North Am198825715983074116
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• World Health OrganizationThe medical impact of the use of antimicrobials in food animals: report and proceedings of a WHO meeting, Berlin, Germany, October 13–17, 1997Geneva, SwitzerlandWorld Health Organization1997 Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/1997/WHO_EMC_ZOO_97.4.pdfAccessed September 1, 2013
   Google Scholar
• SuLHChiuCHChuCOuJTAntimicrobial resistance in nontyphoid Salmonella serotypes: a global challengeClin Infect Dis20043954655115356819
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TsaiMHWuSRLeeHYRecognition of mechanisms involved in bile resistance important to halting antimicrobial resistance in non-typhoidal SalmonellaInt J Antimicrob Agents20124015115722743016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SwartzMNHuman diseases caused by foodborne pathogens of animal originClin Infect Dis200234111122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonaldLCChenMTLauderdaleTLHoMThe use of antibiotics critical to human medicine in food-producing animals in TaiwanJ Microbiol Immunol Infect2001349710211456367
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• HelmsMVastrupPGerner-SmidtPMølbakKExcess mortality associated with antimicrobial drug-resistant Salmonella TyphimuriumEmerg Infect Dis2002849049511996684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VarmaJKMolbakKBarrettTJAntimicrobial-resistant nontyphoidal Salmonella is associated with excess bloodstream infections and hospitalizationsJ Infect Dis200519155456115655779
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GordonMAGrahamSMWalshALEpidemics of invasive Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium infection associated with multidrug resistance among adults and children in MalawiClin Infect Dis20084696396918444810
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KiratisinPBacteraemia due to non-typhoidal Salmonella in Thailand: clinical and microbiological analysisTrans R Soc Trop Med Hyg200810238438818321543
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DhanoaAFattQKNon-typhoidal Salmonella bacteraemia: epidemiology, clinical characteristics and its association with severe immunosuppressionAnn Clin Microbiol Antimicrob200981519445730
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OlsenSJBishopRBrennerFWThe changing epidemiology of Salmonella: trends in serotypes isolated from humans in the United States, 1987–1997J Infect Dis200118375376111181152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeeLAPuhrNDMaloneyEKBeanNHTauxeRVIncrease in antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella infections in the United States, 1989–1990J Infect Dis19941701281348014487
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ThrelfallEJWardLRSkinnerJARoweBIncrease in multiple antibiotic resistance in nontyphoidal salmonellas from humans in England and Wales: a comparison of data for 1994 and 1996Microb Drug Resist199732632669270996
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BatchelorMThrelfallEJLiebanaECephalosporin resistance among animal-associated Enterobacteria: a current perspectiveExpert Rev Anti Infect Ther2005340341715954857
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MeakinsSFisherISBergholdCEnter-net ParticipantsAntimicrobial drug resistance in human nontyphoidal Salmonella isolates in Europe 2000–2004: a report from the Enter-net International Surveillance NetworkMicrob Drug Resist200814313518366323
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ThrelfallEJAntimicrobial drug resistance in Salmonella: problems and perspectives in food- and water-borne infectionFEMS Microbiol Rev20022614114812069879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnguloFJJohnsonKRTauxeTWOrigins and consequences of antimicrobial-resistent nontyphoidal Salmonella: implications for the use of fluoroquinolones in food animalsMicrob Drug Resist20006778310868811
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VoetschACVan GilderTJAnguloFJFoodNet estimate of the burden of illness caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella infections in the United StatesClin Infect Dis200438S127S13415095181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AdakGKLongSMO’BrienSJTrends in indigenous foodborne disease and deaths, England and Wales: 1992 to 2000Gut20025183284112427786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KennedyMVillarRVugiaDJEmerging Infections Program FoodNetWorking GroupHospitalizations and deaths due to Salmonella infections, FoodNet, 1996–1999Clin Infect Dis200438S142S14815095183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VugiaDJSamuelMFarleyMMEmerging Infections Program FoodNetWorking GroupInvasive Salmonella infections in the United States, FoodNet, 1996–1999: incidence, serotype distribution, and outcomeClin Infect Dis20043814915614679463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BerkleyJALoweBSMwangiIBacteremia among children admitted to a rural hospital in KenyaN Engl J Med2005352394715635111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IkumapayiUNAntonioMSonne-HansenJMolecular epidemiology of community-acquired invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella among children aged 2–29 months in rural Gambia and discovery of a new serovar, Salmonella enterica DingiriJ Med Microbiol2007561479148417965348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SigaúqueBRocaAMandomandoICommunity-acquired bacteremia among children admitted to a rural hospital in MozambiquePediatr Infect Dis J20092810811319131902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MandomandoIMaceteESigaúqueBInvasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in Mozambican childrenTrop Med Int Health2009141467147419793081
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar