144
Views
35
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Current trends in the prevalence of Cryptococcus gattii in the United States and Canada

&
Pages 89-97 | Published online: 11 May 2015

References

  • MacDougallLFyfeMEmergence of Cryptococcus gattii in a novel environment provides clues to its incubation periodJ Clin Microbiol20064451851185216672420
  • LinXHeitmanJThe biology of the Cryptococcus neoformans species complexAnnu Rev Microbiol2006606910516704346
  • PerfectJRDismukesWEDromerFClinical practice guidelines for the management of cryptococcal disease: 2010 update by the infectious diseases society of AmericaClin Infect Dis20105029132220047480
  • Espinel-IngroffAMedical Mycology in the United States (1894–1996)Dordrecht, the NetherlandsKluger Academic Publishers2003
  • ChenSCMeyerWSorrellTCCryptococcus gattii infectionsClin Microbiol Rev201427980102425278580
  • VanbreuseghemRTakashioMAn atypical strain of C. neoformans (San Felice) Vuillemin. Part II. Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii. var. novAnn Soc Belges Med Trop Parasitol Mycol1970506957024933034
  • Kwon-ChungKJBennettJETheodoreTSCryptococcus bacillisporus sp. nov.: serotype B-C of Cryptococcus neoformansInt J Syst Bacteriol197828616620
  • Kwon-ChungKJBennettJERhodesJCTaxonomic studies on Filobasidiella species and their anamorphsAntonie Van Leeuwenhoek19824825387046630
  • Kwon-ChungKJBoekhoutTFellJWDiazMProposal to conserve the name Cryptococcus gattii against C. hondurianus and C. bacillisporus (Basidiomycota, Hymenomycetes, Tremellomycetidae)Taxon200251804806
  • KiddSEHagenFTscharkeRLA rare genotype of Cryptococcus gattii caused the cryptococcosis outbreak on Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada)Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2004101172581726315572442
  • ByrnesEJ3rdLiWRenPA diverse population of Cryptococcus gattii molecular type VGIII in Southern Californian HIV/AIDS patientsPLoS Pathog20117e100220521909264
  • BrandtMEHutwagnerLCKlugLAMolecular subtype distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans in four areas of the United States. Cryptococcal Disease Active Surveillance GroupJ Clin Microbiol1996349129178815107
  • Kwon-ChungKJFraserJADoeringTLCryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, the etiologic agents of cryptococcosisCold Spring Harb Perspect Med20144a01976024985132
  • SorrellTCCryptococcus neoformans variety gattiiMed Mycol20013915516811346263
  • La HozRMPappasPGCryptococcal infections: changing epidemiology and implications for therapyDrugs201373649550423575940
  • Espinel-IngroffAChowdharyACuenca-EstrellaMCryptococcus neoformans-Cryptococcus gattii species complex: an international study of wild-type susceptibility endpoint distributions and epidemiological cutoff values for amphotericin B and flucytosineAntimicrob Agents Chemother2012563107311322391546
  • Espinel-IngroffAAllerAICantonECryptococcus neoformans-Cryptococcus gattii species complex: an international study of wild-type susceptibility endpoint distributions and epidemiological cutoff values for fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazoleAntimicrob Agents Chemother2012565898590622948877
  • VivianiMACogliatiMEspostoMCMolecular analysis of 311 Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from a 30-month ECMM survey of cryptococcosis in EuropeFEMS Yeast Res2006661461916696657
  • SloanDJParrisVCryptococcal meningitis: epidemiology and therapeutic optionsClin Epidemiol2014616918224872723
  • ParkBJWannemuehlerKAMarstonBJGovenderNPappasPGChillerTMEstimation of the current global burden of cryptococcal meningitis among persons living with HIV/AIDSAIDS20092352553019182676
  • FyfeMMacDougallLRomneyMCryptococcus gattii infections on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada: emergence of a tropical fungus in a temperate environmentCan Commun Dis Rep20083411218802986
  • StephenCLesterSBlackWFyfeMRavertySMultispecies outbreak of cryptococcosis on southern Vancouver Island, British ColumbiaCan Vet J20024379279412395765
  • HoangLMMaguireJADoylePFyfeMRoscoeDLCryptococcus neoformans infections at Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre (1997–2002): epidemiology, microbiology and histopathologyJ Med Microbiol20045393594015314203
  • MacDougallLKiddSEGalanisESpread of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia, Canada, and detection in the Pacific Northwest, USAEmerg Infect Dis200713425017370514
  • GalanisEMacDougallLKiddSMorshedMThe British Columbia Cryptococcus gattii Working GroupEpidemiology of Cryptococcus gattii, British Columbia, Canada, 1999–2007Emerg Infect Dis20101625125720113555
  • BC Center for Disease ControlBritish Columbia Annual Summary of Reportable DiseasesVancouver, BC, CanadaBCCDC2014
  • MacDougallLFyfeMRomneyMStarrMGalanisERisk factors for Cryptococcus gattii infection, British Columbia, CanadaEmerg Infect Dis20111719319921291588
  • KiddSEGuoHBartlettKHXuJKronstadJWComparative Gene genealogies indicate that two clonal lineages of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia resemble strains from other geographical areasEukaryot Cell20054101629163816215170
  • FraserJAGilesSSWeninkECSame-sex mating and the origin of the Vancouver Island Cryptococcus gattii outbreakNature20054371360136416222245
  • BartlettKHKiddSEKronstadJWThe emergence of Cryptococcus gattii in British Columbia and the Pacific NorthwestCurr Infect Dis Rep200810586518377817
  • BennettJEKwon-ChungKJHowardDHEpidemiologic differences among serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformansAm J Epidemiol1977105582586326036
  • Kwon-ChungKJBennettJEEpidemiologic differences between the two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformansAm J Epidemiol19841201231306377880
  • PfeifferTEllisDEnvironmental isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans-gattii from CaliforniaJ Infect Dis199116349299302010649
  • UptonAFraserJAKiddSEFirst contemporary case of human infection with Cryptococcus gattii in Puget Sound: evidence for spread of the Vancouver Island outbreakJ Clin Microbiol2007453086308817596366
  • ByrnesEJBildfellRFrankSAMitchellTGMarrKAHeitmanJMolecular evidence that the Vancouver Island Cryptococcus gattii outbreak has expanded into the United States Pacific NorthwestJ Infect Dis20091991081108619220140
  • ChaturvediSDyavaiahMLarsenRAChaturvediVCryptococcus gattii in AIDS patients, Southern CaliforniaEmerg Infect Dis2005111686169216318719
  • DattaKBartlettKHBaerRSpread of Cryptococcus gattii-into Pacific Northwest region of the United StatesEmerg Infect Dis2009151185119119757550
  • HarrisJRLockhartSRDebessECryptococcus gattii in the United States: clinical aspects of infection with an emerging pathogenClin Infect Dis2011531188119522016503
  • LockhartSRIqbalNHarrisJRCryptococcus gattii in the United States: genotypic diversity of human and veterinary isolatesPLoS One20138e7473724019979
  • HarrisJRLockhartSRSondermeyerGCryptococcus gattii infections in multiple states outside the US Pacific NorthwestEmerg Infect Dis2013101620162624050410
  • ByrnesEJ3rdLiWLewitYFirst reported case of Cryptococcus gattii in the Southeastern USA: implications for travel associated acquisition of an emerging pathogenPLoS One20094e585119516904
  • WalravenCJGersteinWHardisonSEFatal disseminated Cryptococcus gattii infection in New MexicoPLoS One2011612e2862522194869
  • SellersBHallPCine-GowdieSCryptococcus gattii: an emerging fungal pathogen in the Southeastern United StatesAm J Med Sci201234315471559
  • KunadharajuRChoeUHarrisJRLockhartSRGreeneJNCryptococcus gattii, Florida, USA, 2011Emerg Infect Dis20131951952123750364
  • FromtlingRAShadomySShadomyHJDismukesWESerotype B/C Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from patients in nonendemic areasJ Clin Microbiol1982164084106749900
  • BottoneEJKirschnerPASalkinIFIsolation of highly encapsulated Cryptococcus neoformans serotype B from a patient in New York CityJ Clin Microbiol1986231861883517042
  • McCullohRJPhillipsRPerfectJRByrnesEJ3rdHeitmanJDufortECryptococcus gattii genotype VGI Infection in New EnglandPediatr Infect Dis J2011301111111421814154
  • NgamskulrungrojPSerenaCGilgadoFMalikRMeyerWGlobal VGIIa isolates are of comparable virulence to the major fatal Cryptococcus gattii Vancouver Island outbreak genotypeClin Microbiol Infect20111725125820331682
  • FiracativeCDuanSMeyerWGalleria mellonella model identifies highly virulent strains among all major molecular types of Cryptococcus gattiiPLoS One201498e10507625133687
  • BaddleyJWPerfectJRChenSEpidemiology and outcomes of cryptococcosis: description of an international, multi-center cohortAbstract M1787 presented at: Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and ChemotherapySeptember 5–9, 2014Washington, DC
  • HagenFCeresiniPCPolacheckIAncient dispersal of the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus gattii from the Amazon rainforestPLoS One201388e7114823940707
  • EngelthalerDMHicksNDGilleceJDCryptococcus gattii in North American Pacific Northwest: whole-population genome analysis provides insights into species evolution and dispersalMBio201454e1414e1464
  • SorrellTCChenSCRumaPConcordance of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis and PCR fingerprintingJ Clin Microbiol199634125312608727912
  • KiddSEBachPJHingstonAOCryptococcus gattii dispersal mechanisms, British Columbia, CanadaEmerg Infect Dis2007131515717370515