780
Views
69
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Hepatitis C treatment: where are we now?

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 39-52 | Published online: 17 Feb 2017

References

  • PetruzzielloAMariglianoSLoquercioGCozzolinoACacciapuotiCGlobal epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: an up-date of the distribution and circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypesWorld J Gastroenterol201622347824784027678366
  • ButDYLaiCLYuenMFNatural history of hepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinomaWorld J Gastroenterol200814111652165618350595
  • SmithDBBukhJKuikenCExpanded classification of hepatitis C virus into 7 genotypes and 67 subtypes: updated criteria and genotype assignment web resourceHepatology201459131832724115039
  • MurphyDGSablonEChamberlandJFournierEDandavinoRTremblayCLHepatitis C virus genotype 7, a new genotype originating from central AfricaJ Clin Microbiol201553396797225520447
  • MessinaJPHumphreysIFlaxmanAGlobal distribution and prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotypesHepatology2015611778725069599
  • FriedMWShiffmanMLReddyKRPeginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infectionN Engl J Med20023471397598212324553
  • McHutchisonJGGordonSCSchiffERInterferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatitis Interventional Therapy GroupN Engl J Med199833921148514929819446
  • World Health OrganizationHepatitis C: WHO fact sheet Updated July 2016. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs164/en/Accessed August 13, 2016
  • PetruzzielloAMariglianoSLoquercioGCacciapuotiCHepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes distribution: an epidemiological up-date in EuropeInfect Agent Cancer2016115327752280
  • FrankCMohamedMKStricklandGTThe role of parenteral antischistosomal therapy in the spread of hepatitis C virus in EgyptLancet2000355920788789110752705
  • EzeJCIbeziakoNSIkefunaANNwokoyeICUleanyaNDIlechukwuGCPrevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection among children in Enugu, NigeriaAfr J Infect Dis2014815824653810
  • LaniniSEasterbrookPJZumlaAIppolitoGHepatitis C: global epidemiology and strategies for controlClin Microbiol Infect2016221083383827521803
  • de LédinghenVTrimouletPCazajousGEpidemiological and phylogenetic evidence for patient-to-patient hepatitis C virus transmission during sclerotherapy of varicose veinsJ Med Virol200576227928415834864
  • LaniniSAbbateIPuroVMolecular epidemiology of a hepatitis C virus epidemic in a haemodialysis unit: outbreak investigation and infection outcomeBMC Infect Dis20101025720799943
  • MooreZSSchaeferMKHoffmannKKTransmission of hepatitis C virus during myocardial perfusion imaging in an outpatient clinicAm J Cardiol2011108112613221529725
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Acute hepatitis C virus infections attributed to unsafe injection practices at an endoscopy clinic–Nevada, 2007MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep2008571951351718480743
  • PetruzzielloACoppolaNLoquercioGDistribution pattern of hepatitis C virus genotypes and correlation with viral load and risk factors in chronic positive patientsIntervirology201457631131825170801
  • RutaSCernescuCInjecting drug use: a vector for the introduction of new hepatitis C virus genotypesWorld J Gastroenterol20152138108111082326478672
  • SolomonSSSrikrishnanAKMcFallAMBurden of liver disease among community-based people who inject drugs (PWID) in Chennai, IndiaPLoS One2016111e014787926812065
  • McGovernBHAbu DayyehBKChungRTAvoiding therapeutic pitfalls: the rational use of specifically targeted agents against hepatitis C infectionHepatology20084851700171218972443
  • BlightKJKolykhalovAAReedKEAgapovEVRiceCMMolecular virology of hepatitis C virus: an update with respect to potential antiviral targetsAntivir Ther19983Suppl 3718110726057
  • European Association for the Study of the LiverEASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C 2016J Hepatol201766115319427667367
  • VeldtBJHeathcoteEJWedemeyerHSustained virologic response and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C and advanced fibrosisAnn Intern Med20071471067768418025443
  • PoynardTMcHutchisonJMannsMImpact of pegylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin on liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis CGastroenterology200212251303131311984517
  • van der MeerAJVeldtBJFeldJJAssociation between sustained virological response and all-cause mortality among patients with chronic hepatitis C and advanced hepatic fibrosisJAMA2012308242584259323268517
  • SwainMGLaiMYShiffmanMLA sustained virologic response is durable in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirinGastroenterology201013951593160120637202
  • Martinot-PeignouxMSternCMaylinSTwelve weeks posttreatment follow-up is as relevant as 24 weeks to determine the sustained virologic response in patients with hepatitis C virus receiving pegylated interferon and ribavirinHepatology20105141122112620069649
  • National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Panel statement: management of hepatitis CHepatology1997263 Suppl 12S10S9305656
  • CarithersRLJrEmersonSSTherapy of hepatitis C: meta-analysis of interferon alfa-2b trialsHepatology1997263 Suppl 183S88S9305670
  • Di BisceglieAMHoofnagleJHOptimal therapy of hepatitis CHepatology2002365 Suppl 1S121S12712407585
  • European Association for the Study of the LiverEASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infectionJ Hepatol201155224526421371579
  • European Association for Study of LiverEASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C 2015J Hepatol201563119923625911336
  • AntakiNCraxiAKamalSThe neglected hepatitis C virus genotypes 4, 5 and 6: an international consensus reportLiver Int201030334235520015149
  • MuirAJBornsteinJDKillenbergPGAtlantic Coast Hepatitis Treatment GroupPeginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in blacks and non-Hispanic whitesN Engl J Med2004350222265227115163776
  • MoralesJMFabriziFHepatitis C and its impact on renal transplantationNat Rev Nephrol201511317218225643666
  • KiefferTLSarrazinCMillerJSTelaprevir and pegylated interferon-alpha-2a inhibit wild-type and resistant genotype 1 hepatitis C virus replication in patientsHepatology200746363163917680654
  • SarrazinCRouzierRWagnerFSCH 503034, a novel hepatitis C virus protease inhibitor, plus pegylated interferon alpha-2b for genotype 1 nonrespondersGastroenterology200713241270127817408662
  • MalcolmBALiuRLahserFSCH 503034, a mechanism-based inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS3 protease, suppresses polyprotein maturation and enhances the antiviral activity of alpha interferon in replicon cellsAntimicrob Agents Chemother20065031013102016495264
  • KwoPYLawitzEJMcConeJSPRINT-1 investigatorsEfficacy of boceprevir, an NS3 protease inhibitor, in combination with peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C infection (SPRINT-1): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trialLancet2010376974270571620692693
  • PoordadFMcConeJJrBaconBRSPRINT-2 InvestigatorsBoceprevir for untreated chronic HCV genotype 1 infectionN Engl J Med2011364131195120621449783
  • BaconBRGordonSCLawitzEHCV RESPOND-2 InvestigatorsBoceprevir for previously treated chronic HCV genotype 1 infectionN Engl J Med2011364131207121721449784
  • ReesinkHWZeuzemSWeeginkCJRapid decline of viral RNA in hepatitis C patients treated with VX-950: a phase Ib, placebo-controlled, randomized studyGastroenterology20061314997100217030169
  • LawitzERodriguez-TorresMMuirAJAntiviral effects and safety of telaprevir, peginterferon alfa-2a, and ribavirin for 28 days in hepatitis C patientsJ Hepatol200849216316918486984
  • ForestierNReesinkHWWeeginkCJAntiviral activity of telaprevir (VX-950) and peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with hepatitis CHepatology200746364064817879366
  • McHutchisonJGEversonGTGordonSCPROVE1 Study TeamTelaprevir with peginterferon and ribavirin for chronic HCV genotype 1 infectionN Engl J Med2009360181827183819403902
  • HézodeCForestierNDusheikoGPROVE2 Study TeamTelaprevir and peginterferon with or without ribavirin for chronic HCV infectionN Engl J Med2009360181839185019403903
  • JacobsonIMMcHutchisonJGDusheikoGADVANCE Study TeamTelaprevir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C virus infectionN Engl J Med2011364252405241621696307
  • ZeuzemSAndreonePPolSREALIZE Study TeamTelaprevir for retreatment of HCV infectionN Engl J Med2011364252417242821696308
  • PriceJCMurphyRCShvachkoVAPaulyMPManosMMEffectiveness of telaprevir and boceprevir triple therapy for patients with hepatitis C virus infection in a large integrated care settingDig Dis Sci201459123043305225102983
  • VoKPVutienPAkiyamaMJPoor sustained virological response in a multicenter real-life cohort of chronic hepatitis C patients treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin plus telaprevir or boceprevirDig Dis Sci20156041045105125821099
  • HézodeCFontaineHDorivalCCUPIC Study GroupTriple therapy in treatment-experienced patients with HCV-cirrhosis in a multicentre cohort of the French Early Access Programme (ANRS CO20-CUPIC) - NCT01514890J Hepatol201359343444123669289
  • LinTILenzOFanningGIn vitro activity and preclinical profile of TMC435350, a potent hepatitis C virus protease inhibitorAntimicrob Agents Chemother20095341377138519171797
  • ReesinkHWFanningGCFarhaKARapid HCV-RNA decline with once daily TMC435: a phase I study in healthy volunteers and hepatitis C patientsGastroenterology2010138391392119852962
  • FriedMWButiMDoreGJOnce-daily simeprevir (TMC435) with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in treatment-naïve genotype 1 hepatitis C: the randomized PILLAR studyHepatology20135861918192923907700
  • MorenoCBergTTanwandeeTAntiviral activity of TMC435 monotherapy in patients infected with HCV genotypes 2-6: TMC435-C202, a phase IIa, open-label studyJ Hepatol20125661247125322326470
  • JacobsonIMDoreGJFosterGRSimeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-1): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trialLancet2014384994140341324907225
  • MannsMMarcellinPPoordadFSimeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a or 2b plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trialLancet2014384994141442624907224
  • SarrazinCLathouwersEPeetersMPrevalence of the hepatitis C virus NS3 polymorphism Q80K in genotype 1 patients in the European regionAntiviral Res2015116101625614456
  • MorenoCHezodeCMarcellinPEfficacy and safety of simeprevir with PegIFN/ribavirin in naïve or experienced patients infected with chronic HCV genotype 4J Hepatol20156251047105525596313
  • SummaVLudmererSWMcCauleyJAMK-5172, a selective inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease with broad activity across genotypes and resistant variantsAntimicrob Agents Chemother20125684161416722615282
  • MannsMPVierlingJMBaconBRThe combination of MK-5172, peginterferon, and ribavirin is effective in treatment-naive patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection without cirrhosisGastroenterology20141472366376.e624727022
  • GaneEBen AriZMollisonLEfficacy and safety of grazoprevir + ribavirin for 12 or 24 weeks in treatment-naïve patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infectionJ Viral Hepat2016231078979727291249
  • MuirAJPoordadFLalezariJDaclatasvir in combination with asunaprevir and beclabuvir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection with compensated cirrhosisJAMA2015313171736174425942724
  • GaneEPoordadFWangSHigh efficacy of ABT-493 and ABT-530 treatment in patients with HCV genotype 1 or 3 infection and compensated cirrhosisGastroenterology20161514651659.e127456384
  • GaneEJSchwabeCHylandRHEfficacy of the combination of sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, and the NS3/4A protease inhibitor GS-9857 in treatment-naïve or previously treated patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 or 3 infectionsGastroenterology20161513448456.e127240903
  • PolSGhalibRHRustgiVKDaclatasvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C genotype-1 infection: a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding, phase 2a trialLancet Infect Dis201212967167722714001
  • HézodeCHirschfieldGMGhesquiereWDaclatasvir plus peginterferon alfa and ribavirin for treatment-naive chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 or 4 infection: a randomised studyGut201564694895625080450
  • LinkJOTaylorJGXuLDiscovery of ledipasvir (GS-5885): a potent, once-daily oral NS5A inhibitor for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infectionJ Med Chem20145752033204624320933
  • CoburnCAMeinkePTChangWDiscovery of MK-8742: an HCV NS5A inhibitor with broad genotype activityChemMedChem20138121930194024127258
  • KowdleyKVLawitzEPoordadFPhase 2b trial of interferon-free therapy for hepatitis C virus genotype 1N Engl J Med2014370322223224428468
  • LawitzEFreilichBLinkJA phase 1, randomized, dose-ranging study of GS-5816, a once-daily NS5A inhibitor, in patients with genotype 1-4 hepatitis C virusJ Viral Hepat201522121011101926183611
  • LamAMMurakamiEEspirituCPSI-7851, a pronucleotide of beta-D-2¢-deoxy-2¢-fluoro-2¢-C-methyluridine monophosphate, is a potent and pan-genotype inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replicationAntimicrob Agents Chemother20105483187319620516278
  • LawitzEMangiaAWylesDSofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infectionN Engl J Med2013368201878188723607594
  • LawitzELalezariJPHassaneinTSofosbuvir in combination with peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for non-cirrhotic, treatment-naive patients with genotypes 1, 2, and 3 hepatitis C infection: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trialLancet Infect Dis201313540140823499158
  • LawitzEPoordadFBrainardDMSofosbuvir with peginterferon-ribavirin for 12 weeks in previously treated patients with hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 and cirrhosisHepatology201561376977525322962
  • JacobsonIMGordonSCKowdleyKVPOSITRON StudyFUSION StudySofosbuvir for hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 in patients without treatment optionsN Engl J Med2013368201867187723607593
  • ZeuzemSDusheikoGMSalupereRVALENCE InvestigatorsSofosbuvir and ribavirin in HCV genotypes 2 and 3N Engl J Med2014370211993200124795201
  • RuanePJAinDStrykerRSofosbuvir plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic genotype 4 hepatitis C virus infection in patients of Egyptian ancestryJ Hepatol20156251040104625450208
  • DossWShihaGHassanyMSofosbuvir plus ribavirin for treating Egyptian patients with hepatitis C genotype 4J Hepatol201563358158525937436
  • MantryPSPathakLDasabuvir (ABT333) for the treatment of chronic HCV genotype I: a new face of cure, an expert reviewExpert Rev Anti Infect Ther201614215716526567871
  • FeldJJKowdleyKVCoakleyETreatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirinN Engl J Med2014370171594160324720703
  • FerenciPBernsteinDLalezariJPEARL-III StudyPEARL-IV StudyABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with or without ribavirin for HCVN Engl J Med2014370211983199224795200
  • ZeuzemSJacobsonIMBaykalTRetreatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirinN Engl J Med2014370171604161424720679
  • ZhangJNguyenDHuKQChronic hepatitis C virus infection: a review of current direct-acting antiviral treatment strategiesN Am J Med Sci (Boston)201692475427293521
  • AfdhalNReddyKRNelsonDRION-2 InvestigatorsLedipasvir and sofosbuvir for previously treated HCV genotype 1 infectionN Engl J Med2014370161483149324725238
  • AfdhalNZeuzemSKwoPION-1 InvestigatorsLedipasvir and sofosbuvir for untreated HCV genotype 1 infectionN Engl J Med2014370201889189824725239
  • KowdleyKVGordonSCReddyKRION-3 InvestigatorsLedipasvir and sofosbuvir for 8 or 12 weeks for chronic HCV without cirrhosisN Engl J Med2014370201879188824720702
  • U.S. Food & Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and ResearchSofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination. Statistical Review and Evaluation, NDA 205834 Available from: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2014/205834Orig1s000MedR.pdfAccessed 12 November, 2016
  • VermehrenJMaasoumyBMaanRApplicability of hepatitis C virus RNA viral load thresholds for 8-week treatments in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infectionClin Infect Dis201662101228123426908802
  • KohliAKapoorRSimsZLedipasvir and sofosbuvir for hepatitis C genotype 4: a proof-of-concept, single-centre, open-label phase 2a cohort studyLancet Infect Dis20151591049105426187031
  • GaneEJHylandRHAnDHigh efficacy of LDV/SOF regimens for 12 weeks for patients with HCV genotype 3 or 6 infectionHepatology20146061274A1275A
  • AbergelAAsselahTMetivierSLedipasvir-sofosbuvir in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 5 infection: an open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 studyLancet Infect Dis201616445946426803446
  • BrayerSWReddyKRRitonavir-boosted protease inhibitor based therapy: a new strategy in chronic hepatitis C therapyExpert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol20159554755825846301
  • AndreonePColomboMGEnejosaJVABT-450, ritonavir, ombitasvir, and dasabuvir achieves 97% and 100% sustained virologic response with or without ribavirin in treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1b infectionGastroenterology20141472359365.e124818763
  • PoordadFHezodeCTrinhRABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin for hepatitis C with cirrhosisN Engl J Med2014370211973198224725237
  • HézodeCAsselahTReddyKROmbitasvir plus paritaprevir plus ritonavir with or without ribavirin in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C virus infection (PEARL-I): a randomised, open-label trialLancet201538599862502250925837829
  • AsselahTHézodeCQaqishRBOmbitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir plus ribavirin in adults with hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection and cirrhosis (AGATE-I): a multicentre, phase 3, randomised open-label trialLancet Gastroenterol Hepatol2016112535
  • WakedIShihaGQaqishRBOmbitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection in Egyptian patients with or without compensated cirrhosis (AGATE-II): a multicentre, phase 3, partly randomised open-label trialLancet Gastroenterol Hepatol2016113644
  • KwoPGitlinNNahassRSimeprevir plus sofosbuvir (12 and 8 weeks) in hepatitis C virus genotype 1-infected patients without cirrhosis: OPTIMIST-1, a phase 3, randomized studyHepatology201664237038026799692
  • LawitzEMatusowGDeJesusESimeprevir plus sofosbuvir in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis: a phase 3 study (OPTIMIST-2)Hepatology201664236036926704148
  • SulkowskiMSGardinerDFRodriguez-TorresMAI444040 Study GroupDaclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for previously treated or untreated chronic HCV infectionN Engl J Med2014370321122124428467
  • NelsonDRCooperJNLalezariJPALLY-3 Study TeamAll-oral 12-week treatment with daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infection: ALLY-3 phase III studyHepatology20156141127113525614962
  • FeldJJJacobsonIMHézodeCASTRAL-1 InvestigatorsSofosbuvir and velpatasvir for HCV genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 infectionN Engl J Med2015373272599260726571066
  • FosterGRAfdhalNRobertsSKASTRAL-2 Investigators; ASTRAL-3 InvestigatorsSofosbuvir and velpatasvir for HCV genotype 2 and 3 infectionN Engl J Med2015373272608261726575258
  • SulkowskiMHezodeCGerstoftJEfficacy and safety of 8 weeks versus 12 weeks of treatment with grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) with or without ribavirin in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 mono-infection and HIV/hepatitis C virus co-infection (C-WORTHY): a randomised, open-label phase 2 trialLancet201538599731087109725467560
  • ZeuzemSGhalibRReddyKRGrazoprevir-elbasvir combination therapy for treatment-naive cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1, 4, or 6 infection: a randomized trialAnn Intern Med2015163111325909356
  • U.S. Food & Drug AdministrationFDA approves Epclusa for treatment of chronic Hepatitis C virus infection Available from: http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm508915.htmAccessed November 12, 2016
  • CurryMPO’LearyJGBzowejNASTRAL-4 InvestigatorsSofosbuvir and velpatasvir for HCV in patients with decompensated cirrhosisN Engl J Med2015373272618262826569658
  • WylesDBrauNKottililSSofosbuvir/velpatasvir fixed dose combination for 12 weeks in patients coinfected with HCV and HIV-1: the Phase 3 ASTRAL-5 studyJ Hepatol2016642S188S189
  • ZeiselMBCrouchetEBaumertTFSchusterCHost-targeting agents to prevent and cure hepatitis C virus infectionViruses20157115659568526540069
  • HenkeJIGoergenDZhengJmicroRNA-122 stimulates translation of hepatitis C virus RNAEMBO J200827243300331019020517
  • JanssenHLReesinkHWLawitzEJTreatment of HCV infection by targeting microRNAN Engl J Med2013368181685169423534542
  • Regulus TherapeuticsRG-101 interim analysis shows 97% response at 8 week follow-up Available from: http://ir.regulusrx.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=955249Accessed November 12, 2016
  • PawlotskyJMWhat are the pros and cons of the use of host-targeted agents against hepatitis C?Antiviral Res2014105222524583032
  • World Health OrganizationCombating hepatitis B and C to reach elimination by 2030 Available from: http://www.who.int/hepatitis/publications/hep-elimination-by-2030-brief/en/Accessed October 28, 2016
  • Andrieux-MeyerICohnJde AraújoESHamidSSDisparity in market prices for hepatitis C virus direct-acting drugsLancet Glob Health2015311e676e67726475012
  • TorjesenIMore UK patients will now be eligible for two costly hepatitis C treatments Available from: http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/news-and-analysis/more-uk-patients-will-now-be-eligible-for-two-costly-hepatitis-c-treatments/20067604.articleAccessed September 14, 2016
  • World Health OrganizationGuidelines for the screening, care and treatment of persons with chronic hepatitis C infection Updated version, April 2016. Available from: http://www.who.int/hepatitis/publications/hepatitis-c-guidelines-2016/en/Accessed October 22, 2016
  • U.S. Food & Drug AdministrationOrange book preface Available from: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DevelopmentApprovalProcess/ucm079068.htmAccessed September 14, 2016
  • JensenDMSebhatuPReauNSGeneric medications for hepatitis CLiver Int201636792592827306302
  • Medicines Patent PoolThe Medicines Patent Pool signs licence with Bristol-Myers Squibb to increase access to hepatitis C medicine daclatasvir Available from: http://www.medicinespatentpool.org/the-medicines-patent-pool-signs-licence-with-bristol-myers-squibb-to-increase-access-to-hepatitis-c-medicine-daclatasvir/Accessed November 12, 2016
  • LaneEJJapan’s MHLW sets Sovaldi price, hep C competition heats up Available from: http://www.fiercepharma.com/regulatory/japans-mhlw-sets-sovaldi-price-hep-c-competition-heats-upAccessed September 14, 2016
  • WanisHHusseinAEl ShibinyAHCV treatment in Egypt: why cost remains a challenge? Available from: http://www.eipr.org/sites/default/files/pressreleases/pdf/hcv_treatment_in_egypt.pdfAccessed November 14, 2016
  • MedhoraSGovernment to subsidise hepatitis C treatment in effort to eradicate disease Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/dec/20/government-pledges-1bn-for-hepatitis-c-treatment-in-effort-to-eradicate-diseaseAccessed September 15, 2016
  • ThurszMLacombeKBreaking down barriers to care in hepatitis C virus infectionJ Infect Dis201621371055105626333943
  • Bouvier-AliasMPatelKDahariHClinical utility of total HCV core antigen quantification: a new indirect marker of HCV replicationHepatology200236121121812085367
  • ChevaliezSSoulierAPoiteauLBouvier-AliasMPawlotskyJMClinical utility of hepatitis C virus core antigen quantification in patients with chronic hepatitis CJ Clin Virol201461114514824973282
  • PoiteauLSoulierARosaIPerformance of rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in whole blood collected on dried blood spotsJ Viral Hepat201623539940126833561
  • SoulierAPoiteauLRosaIDried blood spots: a tool to ensure broad access to hepatitis C screening, diagnosis, and treatment monitoringJ Infect Dis201621371087109526333945
  • ChevaliezSPoiteauLRosaIProspective assessment of rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus, a tool for improving access to careClin Microbiol Infect2016225459.e1459.e626806260