211
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Research

The Lymphocyte Depletion in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Associated with Poor Neurologic Outcome

, , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 1843-1851 | Published online: 14 May 2021

References

  • Mir MA, Al-Baradie SR, Malik D, Alhussainawi DM. Pathophysiology of stroke. In: Mir MA, editor. Recent Advances in Stroke Therapeutics. 1st ed. Nova Science Publishers, Inc; 2014:25–80.
  • Liu R, Pan MX, Tang JC, et al. Role of neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke. Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2017;4(8):158–166. doi:10.20517/2347-8659.2017.09
  • Adams HP Jr, Biller J. Classification of subtypes of ischemic stroke: history of the trial of org 10 172 in acute stroke treatment classification. Stroke. 2015;46(5):e114–7. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.007773
  • Nam KW, Kwon HM, Jeong HY, Park JH, Kim SH, Jeong SM. High neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios predict intracranial atherosclerosis in a healthy population. Atherosclerosis. 2018;269:117–121. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.035
  • Meder R, Świtońska M, Płeszka P, Palacz-Duda V, Dzianott-Pabijan D, Sokal P. Endovascular treatment of stroke caused by carotid artery dissection. Brain Sci. 2020;10(11):800. doi:10.3390/brainsci10110800
  • Wilck N, Ludwig A. Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system in atherosclerosis: status quo, challenges, and perspectives. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2014;21(17):2344–2363. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5805
  • Wang Z, He D, Zeng YY, et al. The spleen may be an important target of stem cell therapy for stroke. J Neuroinflamm. 2019;16(1):1–24. doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1400-0
  • Siniscalchi A, Gallelli L, Malferrari G, et al. Cerebral stroke injury: the role of cytokines and brain inflammation. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2014;25(2):131–137. doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2013-0121
  • Kim JY, Park J, Chang JY, Kim SH, Lee JE. Inflammation after ischemic stroke: the role of leukocytes and glial cells. Exp Neurobiol. 2016;25(5):241. doi:10.5607/en.2016.25.5.241
  • Zhang J, Ren Q, Song Y, et al. Prognostic role of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Medicine. 2017;96:45. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000008624
  • Bolayır A. The relationship between lymphocyte/monocyte ratio and short-term mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients. Cumhuriyet Tip Dergisi. 2018;40(2):128–134. doi:10.7197/223.v40i37154.410205
  • Ren H, Liu X, Wang L, Gao Y. Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio: a novel predictor of the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2017;26(11):2595–2602. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.06.019
  • Kwakkel G, Veerbeek JM, van Wegen EE, Nijland R, Harmeling-van der Wel BC, Dippel DWJ. Predictive value of the NIHSS for ADL outcome after ischemic hemispheric stroke: does timing of early assessment matter? J Neurol Sci. 2010;294(1–2):57–61. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2010.04.004
  • Ghose SK, Ahmed KGU, Chowdhury AH, Hasan ATMH, Saha K, Mahmud R. Assesment of initial stroke severity by National Stroke Institute Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission. J Dhaka Med Coll. 2017;26(2):90–93. doi:10.3329/jdmc.v26i2.38765
  • Elsaid RAA, Sliman AMA, Gilmartin H, El-Hajj D, Battaglia C. Physiological parameters deterioration in acute stage after stroke: rehabilitation versus conventional care. J Nurs Educ Pract. 2020;10(3). doi:10.5430/jnep.v10n3p79
  • Caplan LR, Liebeskind DS. Caplan’s Stroke a Clinical Approach. 5th ed. Cambridge University Press; 2016:19–54, 312–363.
  • Sacco RL, Kasner SE, Broderick JP, et al. An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2013;44(7):2064–2089. doi:10.1161/STR0b013e318296aeca
  • Halkes PHA, Kappelle LJ, Van Gijn J, van Wijk I, Koudstaal PJ, Algra A. Large subcortical infarcts. Clinical features, risk factors and long-term prognosis compared with cortical and small deep infarcts. Stroke. 2006;37(7):1828–1832. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000226993.88307
  • Gąsiorek A, Banach B, Maciejewski M, Głąbiński A, Aleksandra Paduszyńska A, Dąbrowa AB. Stroke as a result of cardioembolism — characteristic features in the context of diagnostic methods and secondary prevention. Folia Cardiol. 2018;13(1):21–28. doi:10.5603/FC.2018.0004
  • Arboix A, Alio J. Cardioembolic stroke: clinical features, specific cardiac disorders and prognosis. Curr Cardiol Rev. 2010;6(3):150–161. doi:10.2174/157340310791658730
  • Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2018;49(3):e46–e110. doi:10.1161/STR.0000000000000158
  • Yaghi S, Mitchell SV, Elkind MSV. Lipids and cerebrovascular disease research and practice. Stroke. 2015;46(11):3322–3328. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011164
  • Renna NF, De Las Heras N, Miatello RM. Pathophysiology of vascular remodeling in hypertension. Int J Hypertens. 2013;2013. doi:10.1155/2013/808353
  • Raggi P, Genest J, Giles JT, et al. Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and therapeutic interventions. Atherosclerosis. 2018;276(276):98–108. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.07.014
  • Virella G, Lopes MF. The role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Front Endocrinol. 2014;5(126):1–2. doi:10.3389/fendo.2014.00126
  • Maestrini I, Strbian D, Gautier S, et al. Higher neutrophil counts before thrombolysis for cerebral ischemia predict worse outcomes. Neurology. 2015;85(16):1408–1416. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000002029
  • Baehr M, Frotscher M. Blood supply and vascular disorders of the central nervous system. In: Duus’ Topical Diagnosis in Neurology. Anatomy, Physiology, Signs, Symptoms. 5th ed. Georg Thieme Verlag; 2012:270–278.
  • Świtońska M, Piekuś-Słomka N, Słomka A, Sokal P, Żekanowska E, Lattanzi S. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke patients undergoing revascularization. Brain Sci. 2020;10(11):771. doi:10.3390/brainsci10110771
  • Vila N, Castillo J, Dávalos A, Chamorro A. Proinflammatory cytokines and early neurological worsening in ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2000;31(10):2325–2329. doi:10.1161/01.str.31.10.2325
  • Vila N, Castillo J, Dávalos A, Esteve A, Planas AM, Chamorro Á. Levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and neurological worsening in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2003;34(3):671–675. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000057976.53301.69
  • Watson J, Jones HE, Banks J, Whiting P, Salisbury C, Hamilton W. Use of multiple inflammatory marker tests in primary care: using clinical practice research datalink to evaluate accuracy. Br J Gen Pract. 2019;69(684):e462–9. doi:10.3399/bjgp19X704309