Adherence to Non-Selective Beta Blockers for Prevention of Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhotic Patients

References

• de Franchis R, Primignani M. Natural history of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. Clin Liver Dis. 2001;5(3):645–663. doi:10.1016/S1089-3261(05)70186-0
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li Y, Li H, Zhu Q, et al. Effect of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding manifestations at admission on the in-hospital outcomes of liver cirrhosis: hematemesis versus melena without hematemesis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;31(11):1334–1341. doi:10.1097/MEG.0000000000001524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Tsao G, Bosch J. Management of varices and variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(9):823–832. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0901512
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bari K, Garcia-Tsao G. Treatment of portal hypertension. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18(11):1166–1175. doi:10.3748/wjg.v18.i11.1166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Franchis R. Expanding consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno VI Consensus Workshop: stratifying risk and individualizing care for portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 2015;63(3):743–752. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2015.05.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Tsao G, Abraldes JG, Berzigotti A, Bosch J. Portal hypertensive bleeding in cirrhosis: risk stratification, diagnosis, and management: 2016 practice guidance by the American Association for the study of liver diseases. Hepatology. 2017;65(1):310–335. doi:10.1002/hep.28906
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tripathi D, Stanley AJ, Hayes PC, et al. U.K. guidelines on the management of variceal haemorrhage in cirrhotic patients. Gut. 2015;64(11):1680–1704. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2018;69(2):406–460. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bultas AC, Teshome B, Richter SK, Schafers S, Cooke E, Call WB. Use of nonselective beta-blockers in patients with end-stage liver disease and select complications. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;54:1060028019893092. doi:10.1177/1060028019893092
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Amico G, Pagliaro L, Bosch J. The treatment of portal hypertension: a meta-analytic review. Hepatology. 1995;22(1):332–354. doi:10.1002/hep.1840220145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brett BT, Hayes PC, Jalan R. Primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2001;13(4):349–358. doi:10.1097/00042737-200104000-00008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernard B, Lebrec D, Mathurin P, Opolon P, Poynard T. Beta-adrenergic antagonists in the prevention of gastrointestinal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis: a meta-analysis. Hepatology. 1997;25(1):63–70. doi:10.1002/hep.510250112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tripathi D, Hayes PC. Beta-blockers in portal hypertension: new developments and controversies. Liver Int. 2014;34(5):655–667. doi:10.1111/liv.12360
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vorobioff J, Picabea E, Villavicencio R, et al. Acute and chronic hemodynamic effects of propranolol in unselected cirrhotic patients. Hepatology. 1987;7(4):648–653. doi:10.1002/hep.1840070406
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez-Gea V, Aracil C, Colomo A, et al. Development of ascites in compensated cirrhosis with severe portal hypertension treated with beta-blockers. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012;107(3):418–427. doi:10.1038/ajg.2011.456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senzolo M, Cholongitas E, Burra P, et al. Beta-blockers protect against spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: a meta-analysis. Liver Int. 2009;29(8):1189–1193. doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02038.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Northup PG, Henry ZH. Editorial: beta-blockers and the prevention of decompensation in cirrhosis: worth the trouble. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012;107(3):428–430. doi:10.1038/ajg.2011.466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa E, Giardini A, Savin M, et al. Interventional tools to improve medication adherence: review of literature. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2015;9:1303–1314. doi:10.2147/PPA.S87551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam WY, Fresco P. Medication adherence measures: an overview. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:217047. doi:10.1155/2015/217047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kones R, Rumana U, Morales-Salinas A. Confronting the most challenging risk factor: non-adherence. Lancet (London, England). 2019;393(10167):105–106. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)33079-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder S, Crandell I, Davis SA, Feldman SR. Medical adherence to acne therapy: a systematic review. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2014;15(2):87–94. doi:10.1007/s40257-014-0063-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herttua K, Martikainen P, Batty GD, Kivimäki M. Poor adherence to statin and antihypertensive therapies as risk factors for fatal stroke. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67(13):1507–1515. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.01.044
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everett BT, Lidofsky SD. Adherence to surveillance endoscopy following hospitalization for index esophageal variceal hemorrhage. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2018;10(4):40–48. doi:10.4240/wjgs.v10.i4.40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong C, Xu X, Feng R, et al. Use of iron sucrose injection in anemia patients with reduced serum iron concentration during hospitalizations of digestive and liver diseases. Ann Palliat Med. 2021;10(2):1145–1153. doi:10.21037/apm-19-499
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li M, Guo Z, Zhang D, et al. Correlation of serum cardiac markers with acute decompensating events in liver cirrhosis. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2020;2020:4019289. doi:10.1155/2020/4019289
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Geest S, Sabate E. Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2003. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2003;2(4):323. doi:10.1016/S1474-5151(03)00091-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Edwards IR, Aronson JK. Adverse drug reactions: definitions, diagnosis, and management. Lancet (London, England). 2000;356(9237):1255–1259. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02799-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polonsky WH, Henry RR. Poor medication adherence in type 2 diabetes: recognizing the scope of the problem and its key contributors. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2016;10:1299–1307. doi:10.2147/PPA.S106821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu T, Yu X, Ou S, Liu X, Yuan J, Chen Y. Statin adherence and the risk of stroke: a dose-response meta-analysis. CNS Drugs. 2017;31(4):263–271. doi:10.1007/s40263-017-0420-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson SH, Eurich DT, Majumdar SR, et al. A meta-analysis of the association between adherence to drug therapy and mortality. BMJ. 2006;333(7557):15. doi:10.1136/bmj.38875.675486.55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu X, Guo X, Tacke F, Shao X, Qi X. Use of nonselective β blockers after variceal eradication in cirrhotic patients undergoing secondary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleeding: a critical review of current evidence. Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2019;10:2040622319862693. doi:10.1177/2040622319862693
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfisterer N, Dexheimer C, Fuchs EM, et al. Betablockers do not increase efficacy of band ligation in primary prophylaxis but they improve survival in secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2018;47(7):966–979. doi:10.1111/apt.14485
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burge S, White D, Bajorek E, et al. Correlates of medication knowledge and adherence: findings from the residency research network of South Texas. Fam Med. 2005;37(10):712–718.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debernardi Venon W, Elia C, Stradella D, et al. Prospective randomized trial: endoscopic follow up 3 vs 6 months after esophageal variceal eradication by band ligation in cirrhosis. Eur J Intern Med. 2014;25(7):674–679. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2014.06.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polis S, Zang L, Mainali B, et al. Factors associated with medication adherence in patients living with cirrhosis. J Clin Nurs. 2016;25(1–2):204–212. doi:10.1111/jocn.13083
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayward KL, Valery PC, Cottrell WN, et al. Prevalence of medication discrepancies in patients with cirrhosis: a pilot study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2016;16(1):114. doi:10.1186/s12876-016-0530-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maddur H, Naik S, Siddiqui AA, Rockey DC. Adherence and adequacy of therapy for esophageal varices prophylaxis. Dig Dis Sci. 2011;56(11):3129–3136. doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1749-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown MT, Bussell JK. Medication adherence: WHO cares? Mayo Clin Proc. 2011;86(4):304–314. doi:10.4065/mcp.2010.0575
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayward KL, Valery PC, Martin JH, et al. Medication beliefs predict medication adherence in ambulatory patients with decompensated cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2017;23(40):7321–7331. doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i40.7321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sovaila S, Purcarea A, Gheonea D, Ciurea T. Specific factors that influence adherence to beta blocker treatment in primary prevention of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic Romanian patients. A proof of concept qualitative study. J Med Life. 2018;11(4):355–358. doi:10.25122/jml-2018-1006
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kucukarslan SN. A review of published studies of patients’ illness perceptions and medication adherence: lessons learned and future directions. RSAP. 2012;8(5):371–382. doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2011.09.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayward KL, Horsfall LU. Optimising care of patients with chronic disease: patient-oriented education may improve disease knowledge and self-management. Intern Med J. 2017;47(8):952–955. doi:10.1111/imj.13505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynes RB, Ackloo E, Sahota N, McDonald HP, Yao X. Interventions for enhancing medication adherence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(2):Cd000011. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000011.pub3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zolnierek KB, Dimatteo MR. Physician communication and patient adherence to treatment: a meta-analysis. Med Care. 2009;47(8):826–834. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e31819a5acc
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Checchi KD, Huybrechts KF, Avorn J, Kesselheim AS. Electronic medication packaging devices and medication adherence: a systematic review. JAMA. 2014;312(12):1237–1247. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.10059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang F, Xu H, Chen M, et al. Dose-dependent effect of propranolol on the hemodynamic response in cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;31(3):368–374. doi:10.1097/MEG.0000000000001293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar