Impact of Hypothyroidism on Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Liver Transplantation

References

• Forner A, Reig M, Bruix J. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet. 2018;391(10127):1301–1314. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30010-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Global Burden of Disease Liver Cancer Collaboration; Akinyemiju T, Abera S, Ahmed M, et al. The burden of primary liver cancer and underlying etiologies from 1990 to 2015 at the global, regional, and national level: results from the global burden of disease study 2015. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(12):1683–1691. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.3055.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibrahim AS, Khaled HM, Mikhail NN, Baraka H, Kamel H. Cancer incidence in Egypt: results of the national population-based cancer registry program. J Cancer Epidemiol. 2014;2014:437971. doi:10.1155/2014/437971
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Streba CT, Vere CC, Rogoveanu I, Dan Florescu N. Introductory chapter: etiology and pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. hepatocellular carcinoma - advances in diagnosis and treatment [Internet]. IntechOpen; 2018 [ cited August 25, 2020]. Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/books/hepatocellular-carcinoma-advances-in-diagnosis-and-treatment/introductory-chapter-etiology-and-pathogenesis-of-hepatocellular-carcinoma. Accessed September 8, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Agosti P, Sabbà C, Mazzocca A. Emerging metabolic risk factors in hepatocellular carcinoma and their influence on the liver microenvironment. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2018;1864(2):607–617. doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.11.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El Mahdy Korah T, Abd Elfatah Badr E, Mohamed Emara M, Ahmed Samy Kohla M, Gamal Saad Michael G.Relation between sex hormones and hepatocellular carcinoma. Andrologia. 2016;48(9):948–955. doi:10.1111/and.12536
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flamini MI, Uzair ID, Pennacchio GE, et al. Thyroid hormone controls breast cancer cell movement via integrin αV/β3/SRC/FAK/PI3-kinases. Horm Cancer. 2017;8(1):16–27. doi:10.1007/s12672-016-0280-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weingarten C, Jenudi Y, Tshuva RY, et al. The interplay between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (emt) and the thyroid hormones-αvβ3 axis in ovarian cancer. Horm Cancer. 2018;9(1):22–32. doi:10.1007/s12672-017-0316-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martínez-Iglesias O, García-Silva S, Regadera J, Aranda A. Hypothyroidism enhances tumor invasiveness and metastasis development. PLoS One. 2009;4(7):e6428. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oetting A, Yen PM. New insights into thyroid hormone action. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;21(2):193–208. doi:10.1016/j.beem.2007.04.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadiyala R, Peter R, Okosieme OE. Thyroid dysfunction in patients with diabetes: clinical implications and screening strategies. Int J Clin Pract. 2010;64(8):1130–1139. doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02376.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhee CM, Brent GA, Kovesdy CP, et al. Thyroid functional disease: an under-recognized cardiovascular risk factor in kidney disease patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2015;30(5):724–737. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfu024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eshraghian A, Jahromi AH. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and thyroid dysfunction: a systematic review. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(25):8102–8109. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i25.8102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pagadala MR, Zein CO, Dasarathy S, Yerian LM, Lopez R, McCullough AJ. Prevalence of hypothyroidism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2012;57(2):528–534. doi:10.1007/s10620-011-2006-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu C, Xu L, Yu C, Miao M, Li Y. Association between thyroid function and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in euthyroid elderly Chinese. Clin Endocrinol. 2011;75(2):240–246. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04016.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassan MM, Kasab A, Li D, et al. Association between hypothyroidism and hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-control study in the United States. Hepatology. 2009;49(5):1563–1570. doi:10.1002/hep.22793
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chi H-C, Chen S-L, Tsai C-Y, et al. Thyroid hormone suppresses hepatocarcinogenesis via DAPK2 and SQSTM1-dependent selective autophagy. Autophagy. 2016;12(12):2271–2285. doi:10.1080/15548627.2016.1230583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chi H-C, Chen S-L, Lin S-L, et al. Thyroid hormone protects hepatocytes from HBx-induced carcinogenesis by enhancing mitochondrial turnover. Oncogene. 2017;36(37):5274–5284. doi:10.1038/onc.2017.136
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruix J, Sherman M. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. Hepatology. 2011;53(3):1020–1022. doi:10.1002/hep.24199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy A, Dash C, Leerapun A, et al. Hypothyroidism: a possible risk factor for liver cancer in patients with no known underlying cause of liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5(1):118–123. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2006.07.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang N, Jin W, Zhou S, et al. Hypothyroidism is associated with worse outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation. Cancer Med. 2018;7(12):5870–5878. doi:10.1002/cam4.1797
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krashin E, Piekiełko-Witkowska A, Ellis M, Ashur-Fabian O. Thyroid hormones and cancer: a comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical studies. Front Endocrinol. 2019;10:59. doi:10.3389/fendo.2019.00059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trodello C, Higgins S, Ahadiat O, Wysong A. Hypothyroidism as a risk factor for cancer: a systematic review and implications for future studies. Cancer Sci Res Open Access. 2017;4(2):1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Gnoni GV, Rochira A, Leone A, Damiano F, Marsigliante S, Siculella L. 3,5,3′triiodo-L-thyronine induces SREBP-1 expression by non-genomic actions in human HEP G2 cells. J Cell Physiol. 2012;227(6):2388–2397. doi:10.1002/jcp.22974
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flamant F, Baxter JD, Forrest D, et al. The pharmacology and classification of the nuclear receptor superfamily: thyroid hormone receptors. Pharmacol Rev Int Union Pharmacol. 2006;58:705–711.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin Y-H, Huang Y-H, Wu M-H, et al. Thyroid hormone suppresses cell proliferation through endoglin-mediated promotion of p21 stability. Oncogene. 2013;32(33):3904–3914. doi:10.1038/onc.2013.5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan SR, Chaker L, Ruiter R, et al. thyroid function and cancer risk: the Rotterdam study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(12):5030–5036. doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mondul AM, Weinstein SJ, Bosworth T, Remaley AT, Virtamo J, Albanes D. Circulating thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and hypothyroid status and the risk of prostate cancer. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47730. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047730
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortega-Olvera C, Ulloa-Aguirre A, Ángeles-llerenas A, et al. Thyroid hormones and breast cancer association according to menopausal status and body mass index. Breast Cancer Res. 2018;20(1):94. doi:10.1186/s13058-018-1017-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin KH, Wu YH, Chen SL. Impaired interaction of mutant thyroid hormone receptors associated with human hepatocellular carcinoma with transcriptional Coregulators. Endocrinology. 2001;142(2):653–662. doi:10.1210/endo.142.2.7927
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan I, Privalsky M. Thyroid hormone receptors mutated in liver cancer function as distorted antimorphs. Oncogene. 2006;25(25):3576–3588. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barlow C, Meister B, Lardelli M, Lendahl U, Vennström B. Thyroid abnormalities and hepatocellular carcinoma in mice transgenic for v-erbA. EMBO J. 1994;13(18):4241–4250. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06744.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takamura A, Komatsu M, Hara T, et al. Autophagy-deficient mice develop multiple liver tumors. Genes Dev. 2011;25(8):795–800. doi:10.1101/gad.2016211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komatsu M. Liver autophagy: physiology and pathology. J Biochem. 2012;152(1):5–15. doi:10.1093/jb/mvs059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuma A, Hatano M, Matsui M, et al. The role of autophagy during the early neonatal starvation period. Nature. 2004;432(7020):1032–1036. doi:10.1038/nature03029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frau C, Loi R, Petrelli A, et al. Local hypothyroidism favors the progression of preneoplastic lesions to hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Hepatology. 2015;61(1):249–259. doi:10.1002/hep.27399
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar