150
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Research

Characteristics of Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Positive Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Systematic Review

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 10385-10395 | Published online: 29 Dec 2021

References

  • World Health Organization Organisation TWH. Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19); April 17, 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses. Accessed December 7, 2021.
  • Ellul MA, Benjamin L, Singh B, et al. Neurological associations of COVID-19. Lancet Neurol. 2020;19(9):767–83{Ellul, 2020 #17}. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30221-0
  • Chen X, Laurent S, Onur OA, et al. A systematic review of neurological symptoms and complications of COVID-19. J Neurol. 2021;268(2):392–402.
  • Baig AM, Khaleeq A, Ali U, Syeda H. Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: tissue distribution, host-virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2020;11(7):995–998. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00122
  • Cain MD, Salimi H, Diamond MS, Klein RS. Mechanisms of pathogen invasion into the central nervous system. Neuron. 2019;103(5):771–783. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.07.015
  • Baig AM. Emerging insights for better delivery of chemicals and stem cells to the brain. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2017;8(6):1119–1121. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00106
  • Netland J, Meyerholz DK, Moore S, Cassell M, Perlman S. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2. J Virol. 2008;82(15):7264–7275. doi:10.1128/JVI.00737-08
  • Desforges M, Le Coupanec A, Dubeau P, et al. Human coronaviruses and other respiratory viruses: underestimated opportunistic pathogens of the central nervous system? Viruses. 2019;12(1):14. doi:10.3390/v12010014
  • Bohmwald K, Gálvez NMS, Ríos M, Kalergis AM. Neurologic alterations due to respiratory virus infections. Front Cell Neurosci. 2018;12:386. doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00386
  • Demirci Otluoglu G, Yener U, Demir MK, Yilmaz B. Encephalomyelitis associated with covid-19 infection: case report. Br J Neurosurg. 2020;1–3. doi:10.1080/02688697.2020.1787342
  • Burki TK. Testing for COVID-19. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(7):e63–e64. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30247-2
  • Prevention CfDCa. CDC 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) real-time RT-PCR diagnostic panel; July 13, 2020 [updated July 13, 2020]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/media/134922/download. Accessed December 7, 2021.
  • World Health Organization (WHO) TWHO. Protocol: real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2; 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/real-time-rt-pcr-assays-for-the-detection-of-sars-cov-2-institut-pasteur-paris.pdf?sfvrsn=3662fcb6_2. Accessed December 7, 2021.
  • Doherty CM, Forbes RB. Diagnostic lumbar puncture. Ulster Med J. 2014;83(2):93–102.
  • Wu Y, Xu X, Chen Z, et al. Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:18–22. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.031
  • Cebrián J, Gonzalez-Martinez A, García-Blanco MJ, et al. Headache and impaired consciousness level associated with SARS-CoV-2 in CSF: a case report. Neurology. 2020;95(6):266–268. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000010213
  • Moriguchi T, Harii N, Goto J, et al. A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-coronavirus-2. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;94:55–58. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.062
  • Domingues RB, Mendes-Correa MC, de Moura Leite FBV, et al. First case of SARS-COV-2 sequencing in cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with suspected demyelinating disease. J Neurol. 2020;267(11):3154–3156. doi:10.1007/s00415-020-09996-w
  • Fadakar N, Ghaemmaghami S, Masoompour SM, et al. A first case of acute cerebellitis associated with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): a case report and literature review. Cerebellum. 2020:1–4. doi:10.1007/s12311-019-01083-9
  • Rostami E, Virhammar J, Kumlien E, et al. Data from: acute necrotizing encephalopathy with SARS-CoV-2 RNA confirmed in cerebrospinal fluid. Dryad. 2020;95(10):445–449.
  • Al-olama M, Rashid A, Garozzo D. COVID-19-associated meningoencephalitis complicated with intracranial hemorrhage: a case report. Acta Neurochir. 2020;162(7):1495–1499. doi:10.1007/s00701-020-04402-w
  • Mardani M, Nadji SA, Sarhangipor KA, Sharifi-Razavi A, Baziboroun M. COVID-19 infection recurrence presenting with meningoencephalitis. New Microbes New Infect. 2020;37:100732. doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100732
  • Westhoff TH, Seibert FS, Bauer F, et al. Allograft infiltration and meningoencephalitis by SARS-CoV-2 in a pancreas-kidney transplant recipient. Am J Transplant. 2020;20(11):3216–3220. doi:10.1111/ajt.16223
  • Destras G, Bal A, Escuret V, Morfin F, Lina B, Josset L. Systematic SARS-CoV-2 screening in cerebrospinal fluid during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Microbe. 2020;1(4):e149. doi:10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30066-5
  • Helms J, Kremer S, Merdji H, et al. Delirium and encephalopathy in severe COVID-19: a cohort analysis of ICU patients. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):491. doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03200-1
  • Kremer S, Lersy F, de Sèze J, et al. Brain MRI findings in severe COVID-19: a retrospective observational study. Radiology. 2020;297(2):E242–E251.
  • Duong L, Xu P, Liu A. Meningoencephalitis without respiratory failure in a young female patient with COVID-19 infection in downtown los angeles, early April 2020. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 2020;87:33. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.024
  • Huang YH, Jiang D, Huang JT. SARS-CoV-2 detected in cerebrospinal fluid by PCR in a case of COVID-19 encephalitis. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:149. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.012
  • Lewis A, Frontera J, Placantonakis DG, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid in COVID-19: a systematic review of the literature. J Neurol Sci. 2021;421:117316. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2021.117316
  • Zanin L, Saraceno G, Panciani PP, et al. SARS-CoV-2 can induce brain and spine demyelinating lesions. Acta Neurochir. 2020;162(7):1491–1494. doi:10.1007/s00701-020-04374-x
  • Ye M, Ren Y, Lv T. Encephalitis as a clinical manifestation of COVID-19. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;88:945–946. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.017
  • Panciani PP, Saraceno G, Zanin L, et al. SARS-CoV-2: “three-steps” infection model and CSF diagnostic implication. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:128–129. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.002
  • Peñarrubia L, Ruiz M, Porco R, et al. Multiple assays in a real-time RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 panel can mitigate the risk of loss of sensitivity by new genomic variants during the COVID-19 outbreak. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;97:225–229. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.027
  • Needham EJ, Chou SH, Coles AJ, Menon DK. Neurological implications of COVID-19 infections. Neurocrit Care. 2020;32(3):667–671. doi:10.1007/s12028-020-00978-4
  • Lindan CE, Mankad K, Ram D, et al. Neuroimaging manifestations in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multinational, multicentre collaborative study. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2021;5(3):167–177. doi:10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30362-X
  • Alimohamadi Y, Sepandi M, Taghdir M, Hosamirudsari H. Determine the most common clinical symptoms in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prev Med Hyg. 2020;61(3):E304–E312. doi:10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.3.1530
  • Menon U, Fine L, Chimakurthy A, Khan F, Ramsay E. EEG findings in COVID-19 positive patients: a case series (4816). Neurology. 2021;96(15 Supplement):4816.
  • Antony AR, Haneef Z. Systematic review of EEG findings in 617 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Seizure. 2020;83:234–241. doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2020.10.014
  • Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71. doi:10.1136/bmj.n71