Attitudes and Beliefs of Primary Care Physicians Working in Saudi Arabia Regarding the Management of Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

References

• Hoy D, March L, Brooks P, et al. The global burden of low back pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(6):968–974. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dagenais S, Caro J, Haldeman S. A systematic review of low back pain cost of illness studies in the United States and internationally. Spine J. 2008;8(1):8–20. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2007.10.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almalki MT, BinBaz SS, Alamri SS, et al. Prevalence of chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 2019;40(12):1256. doi:10.15537/smj.2019.12.24690
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Connell N, Cook C, Wand B, et al. Clinical guidelines for low back pain: a critical review of consensus and inconsistencies across three major guidelines. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2016;30(6):968–980. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2017.05.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finucane L, Downie A, Mercer C, et al. International framework for red flags for potential serious spinal pathologies. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2020;50:1–23. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.9971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams C, Maher C, Hancock M, et al. Low back pain and best practice care: a survey of general practice physicians. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(3):271–277. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.507
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schers H, Braspenning J, Drijver R, et al. Low back pain in general practice: reported management and reasons for not adhering to the guidelines in The Netherlands. Br J Gen Pract. 2000;50(457):640–644.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cutler R, Fernandez-Llimos F, Frommer M, et al. Economic impact of medication non-adherence by disease groups: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2018;8(1):e016982. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016982
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graves J, Fulton-Kehoe D, Jarvik J, et al. Impact of an advanced imaging utilization review program on downstream health care utilization and costs for low back pain. Med Care. 2018;56(6):520–528. doi:10.1097/MLR.0000000000000917
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster N, Thomas E, Bishop A, et al. Distinctiveness of psychological obstacles to recovery in low back pain patients in primary care. Pain. 2010;148(3):398–406. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2009.11.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management. NICE guideline [NG59]. London, UK: NICE; 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Qaseem A, Wilt TJ, McLean RM, et al. Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Non-invasive treatments for acute, subacute, and chronic low back pain: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Int Med. 2017;166:514–530. doi:10.7326/M16-2367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darlow B, Fullen B, Dean S, et al. The association between health care professional attitudes and beliefs and the attitudes and beliefs, clinical management, and outcomes of patients with low back pain: a systematic review. Eur J Pain. 2012;16(1):3–17. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.06.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alamam D, Moloney N, Leaver A, et al. Pain intensity and fear avoidance explain disability related to chronic low back pain in a Saudi Arabian population. Spine. 2019;44(15):E889–E898. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000003002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford C, Ryan K, Shipton E. Exploring general practitioner identification and management of psychosocial Yellow Flags in acute low back pain. N Z Med J. 2007;120:U2536.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alfaqeeh GA. Access and Utilisation of Primary Health Care Services in Riyadh Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [PhD thesis]. University of Bedfordshire; 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Alyasin A, Douglas C. Reasons for non-urgent presentations to the emergency department in Saudi Arabia. Int Emerg Nurs. 2014;22(4):220–225. doi:10.1016/j.ienj.2014.03.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corbett M, Foster N, Ong BN. GP attitudes and self-reported behaviour in primary care consultations for low back pain. Fam Pract. 2005;26(5):359–364. doi:10.1093/fampra/cmp042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schers H, Wensing M, Huijsmans Z, et al. Implementation barriers for general practice guidelines on low back pain: a qualitative study. Spine. 2001;26(15):E348–E353. doi:10.1097/00007632-200108010-00013
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Darlow B. Beliefs about back pain: the confluence of client, clinician and community. Int J Osteopath Med. 2016;20:53–61. doi:10.1016/j.ijosm.2016.01.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pincus T, Kent P, Bronfort G, et al. Twenty-five years with the biopsychosocial model of low back pain—is it time to celebrate? A report from the twelfth international forum for primary care research on low back pain. Spine. 2013;38(24):2118–2123. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182a8c5d6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houben RM, Ostelo RW, Vlaeyen JW, et al. Health care providers’ orientations towards common low back pain predict perceived harmfulness of physical activities and recommendations regarding return to normal activity. Eur J Pain. 2005;9(2):173–183. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2004.05.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poitras S, Durand MJ, Côté AM, et al. Guidelines on low back pain disability: interprofessional comparison of use between general practitioners, occupational therapists, and physiotherapists. Spine. 2012;37(14):1252–1259. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e31824b6adf
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop A. Pain attitudes and beliefs scale (PABS). J Physiother. 2010;56(4):279. doi:10.1016/S1836-9553(10)70014-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sit RW, Yip BH, Chan DC, et al. Primary care physicians’ attitudes and beliefs towards chronic low back pain: an Asian study. PLoS One. 2015;10(1):e0117521. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop A, Thomas E, Foster NE. Health care practitioners’ attitudes and beliefs about low back pain: a systematic search and critical review of available measurement tools. Pain. 2007;132(1):91–101. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.01.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, et al. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet. 2018;391(10137):2356–2367. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alamam DM, Moloney N, Leaver A, et al. Multidimensional prognostic factors for chronic low back pain-related disability: a longitudinal study in a Saudi population. Spine J. 2019;19(9):1548–1558. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2019.05.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vlaeyen JW, Kole-Snijders AM, Rotteveel AM, et al. The role of fear of movement/(re)injury in pain disability. J Occup Rehabil. 1995;5(4):235–252. doi:10.1007/BF02109988
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frederiksen P, Indahl A, Andersen LL, et al. Can group-based reassuring information alter low back pain behavior? A cluster-randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2017;12(3):e0172003. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira CB, Maher CG, Pinto RZ, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of non-specific low back pain in primary care: an updated overview. Eur Spine J. 2018;27(11):2791–2803. doi:10.1007/s00586-018-5673-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton AK, Waddell G, Tillotson KM, et al. Information and advice to patients with back pain can have a positive effect. A randomized controlled trial of a novel educational booklet in primary care. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1999;24(23):2484–2491. doi:10.1097/00007632-199912010-00010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Traeger AC, Huebscher M, Henschke N, et al. Effect of primary care–based education on reassurance in patients with acute low back pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175(5):733–743. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.0217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fullen BM, Baxter GD, Doody C, et al. General practitioners’ attitudes and beliefs regarding the management of chronic low back pain in Ireland: a cross-sectional national survey. Clin J Pain. 2011;27(6):542–549. doi:10.1097/AJP.0b013e31821771e2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linton SJ, Vlaeyen J, Ostelo R. The back pain beliefs of health care providers: are we fear-avoidant? J Occup Rehabil. 2002;12(4):223–232. doi:10.1023/A:1020218422974
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coudeyre E, Rannou F, Tubach F, et al. General practitioners’ fear-avoidance beliefs influence their management of patients with low back pain. Pain. 2006;124(3):330–337. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.05.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magalhães MO, Costa LO, Cabral C, et al. Attitudes and beliefs of Brazilian physical therapists about chronic low back pain: a cross-sectional study. Braz J Phys Ther. 2012;16(3):248–253. doi:10.1590/S1413-35552012005000014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derghazarian T, Simmonds MJ. Management of low back pain by physical therapists in Quebec: how are we doing? Physiother Can. 2011;63(4):464–473. doi:10.3138/ptc.2010-04P
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cherkin DC, Deyo RA, Wheeler K, et al. Physician views about treating low back pain. The results of a national survey. Spine. 1995;20:1–9. doi:10.1097/00007632-199501000-00001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhowimel A, Alodaibi F, Alotaibi M, Alamam D, Fritz J. Comparison of attitudes and beliefs of physical therapists and primary care physicians regarding low back pain management: a cross-sectional study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2021;1–7. doi:10.3233/bmr-200295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhowimel AS, Alodaibi FA, Alotaibi MA, Alamam DM, Fritz J. Management of Low back pain in Saudi Arabia healthcare system. A Qualitative Study. Inquiry. 2021;58:469580211060178. doi:10.1177/00469580211060178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar