Proteinuria: an ignored marker of inflammation and cardiovascular disease in chronic hemodialysis

References

• FouqueDKalantar-ZadehKKoppleJA proposed nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting in acute and chronic kidney diseaseKidney Int20087339139818094682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MuntnerPHeJAstorBCFolsomARCoreshJTraditional and non-traditional risk factors predict coronary heart disease in chronic kidney disease: results from the atherosclerosis risk in communities studyJ Am Soc Nephrol20051652953815625072
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CheungAKSarnakMJYanGAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risks in chronic hemodialysis patientsKidney Int20005835336210886582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MuntnerPHammLLKusekJWChenJWheltonPKHeJThe prevalence of nontraditional risk factors for coronary heart disease in pateints with chronic kidney diseaseAnn Intern Med200414091714706967
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HimmelfarbJStenvinkelPIkizlerTAHakimRMThe elephant of uremia: oxidative stress as a unifying concept of cardiovascular disease in uremiaKidney Int2002621524153812371953
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WangTJGonaPLarsonMGMultiple biomarkers for the prediction of first major cardiovascular events and deathN Engl J Med2006212631263917182988
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StenvinkelPCarreroJJAxelssonJLindholmBHeimbürgerOMassyZEmerging biomarkers for evaluating cardiovascular risk in the chronic disease patient: how do new pieces fit into the uremic puzzle?Clinl J Am Soc Nephrol20083505521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de ZeeuwDAlbuminuria: a target for treatment of type 2 diabetic nephropathySemin Nephrol20072717218117418686
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LattanzioMRWeirMRHave we fallen off target with concerns surrounding dual RAAS blockade?Kidney Int20107853954520668429
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de ZeeuwDRemuzziGParvingHHProteinuria a target for renoprotection in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: lessons from RENAALKidney Int2004652309232015149345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AbbateMZojaCRemuzziGHow does proteinuria cause progressive renal damage?J Am Soc Nephrol2006172974298417035611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PetersonJCAdlerSBurkartJMBlood pressure control, proteinuria, and the progression of renal disease. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease StudyAnn Intern Med19951237547627574193
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randomized placebo-controlled trial effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathyThe GISEN Group (Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia)Lancet1997349185718639217756
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WapstraFHNavisGde JongPEde ZeeuwDPrognostic value of the short-term antiproteinuric response to ACE inhibition for prediction of GFR decline in patients with nondiabetic renal diseaseExp Nephrol19964Suppl 1S47S52
   Google Scholar
• LewisEJHunsickerLGBainRPRohdeRDThe effect of angiotensin- converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study GroupN Engl J Med1993329145614628413456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de ZeeuwDRemuzziGParvingHHAlbuminuria, a therapeutic target for cardiovascular protection in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathyCirculation200411092192715302780
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StenvinkelPEndothelial dysfunction and inflammation-is there a link?Nephrol Dial Transplant2001161968197111572879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FestaAD’AgostinoRHowardGMykkanenLTracyRPHaffnerSMInflammation and microalbuminuria in non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis StudyKidney Int2000581703171011012904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnavekarNSPfefferMACardiovascular risk in chronic kidney diseaseKidney Int Suppl200492S11S1515485401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TonelliMPfefferMAKidney disease and cardiovascular riskAnn Rev Med20075812313917081079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GoldwasserPKaldasAIBarthRHRise in serum albumin and creatinine in the first half year on hemodialysisKidney Int1999562260226810594804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YeunJYLevineRAMantadilokVKaysenGAC-reactive protein predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patientsAm J Kidney Dis20003546947610692273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiDKefferJCorryKVazquezMJialalINonspecific elevation of troponin T levels in patients with chronic kidney failureClin Biochem1995284744778521605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FrancisGSTangWHCardiac troponins in renal insufficiency and other non-ischemic cardiac conditionsProg Cardiovasc Dis20044719620615736585
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez-ReyesMJMonCHerasMPredictive value of troponin T levels for ischemic heart disease and mortality in patients on hemodialysisJ Nephrol20041772172715593041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KanderianASFrancisGSCardiac troponins and chronic kidney diseaseKidney Int2006691112111416531987
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MallamaciFZoccaliCParlongoSTroponin is related to left ventricular mass and predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patientsAm J Kidney Dis200240687512087563
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• deFilippiCWassermanSRosanioSCardiac troponin T and C-reactive protein for predicting prognosis, coronary atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysisJAMA200329035335912865376
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WongCKSzetoCCChanMHLeungCBLiPKLamCWElevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein and cardiac troponin T in chronic renal failure patients on dialysisImmunol Invest200736475717190649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KuoHKAl SnihSKuoYFRajiMACross-sectional associations of albuminuria and C-reactive protein with functional disability in older adults with diabetesDiabetes Care20113471071721300788
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar