A Cone Beam CT Study of Upper Airway Morphology in Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

References

• Nelson HD. Menopause. Lancet. 2008;371(9614):760–770. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60346-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis SR, Lambrinoudaki I, Lumsden M, et al. Menopause. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1:15004. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteleone P, Mascagni G, Giannini A, Genazzani AR, Simoncini T. Symptoms of menopause - global prevalence, physiology and implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(4):199–215. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2017.180
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harlow SD, Gass M, Hall JE, et al. Executive summary of the stages of reproductive aging workshop + 10: addressing the unfinished agenda of staging reproductive aging. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(4):1159–1168. doi:10.1210/jc.2011-3362
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou L, Ji BT, Blair A, et al. Body mass index and colon cancer risk in Chinese people: menopause as an effect modifier. Eur J Cancer. 2006;42(1):84–90. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2005.09.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen L, Song L, Li H, et al. Association between earlier age at natural menopause and risk of diabetes in middle-aged and older Chinese women: the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study. Diabetes Metab. 2017;43(4):345–350. doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2016.12.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen L, Song L, Liu B, et al. Effects of early age at natural menopause on coronary heart disease and stroke in Chinese women. Int J Cardiol. 2017;241:6–11. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.03.127
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He L, Tang X, Li N, et al. Menopause with cardiovascular disease and its risk factors among rural Chinese women in Beijing: a population-based study. Maturitas. 2012;72(2):132–138. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.02.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song L, Shen L, Li H, et al. Age at natural menopause and hypertension among middle-aged and older Chinese women. J Hypertens. 2018;36(3):594–600. doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001585
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du Z, Zhang B, Lin M, et al. The epidemiology of atrial fibrillation in Chinese postmenopausal women and its association with age of menopause. Maturitas. 2021;143:151–156. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.10.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soares CN. Depression in peri- and postmenopausal women: prevalence, pathophysiology and pharmacological management. Drugs Aging. 2013;30(9):677–685. doi:10.1007/s40266-013-0100-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ossewaarde ME, Bots ML, Verbeek AL, et al. Age at menopause, cause-specific mortality and total life expectancy. Epidemiology. 2005;16(4):556–562. doi:10.1097/01.ede.0000165392.35273.d4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mondul AM, Rodriguez C, Jacobs EJ, Calle EE. Age at natural menopause and cause-specific mortality. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;162(11):1089–1097. doi:10.1093/aje/kwi324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinzer R, Marti-Soler H, Marques-Vidal P, et al. Impact of sex and menopausal status on the prevalence, clinical presentation, and comorbidities of sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep Med. 2018;51:29–36. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2018.04.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popovic RM, White DP. Influence of gender on waking genioglossal electromyogram and upper airway resistance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;152(2):725–731. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.152.2.7633734
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wimms A, Woehrle H, Ketheeswaran S, Ramanan D, Armitstead J. Obstructive sleep apnea in women: specific issues and interventions. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:1764837. doi:10.1155/2016/1764837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saaresranta T, Aittokallio T, Polo-Kantola P, Helenius H, Polo O. Effect of medroxyprogesterone on inspiratory flow shapes during sleep in postmenopausal women. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2003;134(2):131–143. doi:10.1016/s1569-9048(02)00208-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonsignore MR, Saaresranta T, Riha RL. Sex differences in obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur Respir Rev. 2019;28:154. doi:10.1183/16000617.0030-2019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perger E, Mattaliano P, Lombardi C. Menopause and sleep apnea. Maturitas. 2019;124:35–38. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.02.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ley CJ, Lees B, Stevenson JC. Sex- and menopause-associated changes in body-fat distribution. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992;55(5):950–954. doi:10.1093/ajcn/55.5.950
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popovic RM, White DP. Upper airway muscle activity in normal women: influence of hormonal status. J Appl Physiol. 1998;84(3):1055–1062. doi:10.1152/jappl.1998.84.3.1055
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eslami E, Katz ES, Baghdady M, Abramovitch K, Masoud MI. Are three-dimensional airway evaluations obtained through computed and cone-beam computed tomography scans predictable from lateral cephalograms? A systematic review of evidence. Angle Orthod. 2017;87(1):159–167. doi:10.2319/032516-243.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obelenis Ryan DP, Bianchi J, Ignacio J, Wolford LM, Goncalves JR. Cone-beam computed tomography airway measurements: can we trust them? Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2019;156(1):53–60. doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.07.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng X, Li G, Qu Z, Liu L, Nasstrom K, Shi XQ. Comparative analysis of upper airway volume with lateral cephalograms and cone-beam computed tomography. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015;147(2):197–204. doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.10.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Yu Q, Ma L, Sun Z, Yang X. Prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms and their influence factors during menopausal transition and postmenopause in Beijing city. Maturitas. 2008;61(3):238–242. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.09.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoenaker DA, Jackson CA, Rowlands JV, Mishra GD. Socioeconomic position, lifestyle factors and age at natural menopause: a systematic review and meta-analyses of studies across six continents. Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43(5):1542–1562. doi:10.1093/ije/dyu094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu Y, Liu Y, Li Y. Comparison of natural estrogens and synthetic derivative on genioglossus function and estrogen receptors expression in rats with chronic intermittent hypoxia. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2014;140:71–79. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.12.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards BJ, Li J. Endocrinology of menopause. Periodontol. 2013;61(1):177–194. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2011.00407.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preston ME, Jensen D, Janssen I, Fisher JT. Effect of menopause on the chemical control of breathing and its relationship with acid-base status. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2009;296(3):R722–R727. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90865.2008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li W, Liu YH. Effects of phytoestrogen genistein on genioglossus function and oestrogen receptors expression in ovariectomized rats. Arch Oral Biol. 2009;54(11):1029–1034. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.09.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown IG, Zamel N, Hoffstein V. Pharyngeal cross-sectional area in normal men and women. J Appl Physiol. 1986;61(3):890–895. doi:10.1152/jappl.1986.61.3.890
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin SE, Mathur R, Marshall I, Douglas NJ. The effect of age, sex, obesity and posture on upper airway size. Eur Respir J. 1997;10(9):2087–2090. doi:10.1183/09031936.97.10092087
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordan AS, McEvoy RD. Gender differences in sleep apnea: epidemiology, clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms. Sleep Med Rev. 2003;7(5):377–389. doi:10.1053/smrv.2002.0260
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohsenin V. Gender differences in the expression of sleep-disordered breathing: role of upper airway dimensions. Chest. 2001;120(5):1442–1447. doi:10.1378/chest.120.5.1442
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malhotra A, Huang Y, Fogel RB, et al. The male predisposition to pharyngeal collapse: importance of airway length. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166(10):1388–1395. doi:10.1164/rccm.2112072
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards BA, O’Driscoll DM, Ali A, Jordan AS, Trinder J, Malhotra A. Aging and sleep: physiology and pathophysiology. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;31(5):618–633. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1265902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eikermann M, Jordan AS, Chamberlin NL, et al. The influence of aging on pharyngeal collapsibility during sleep. Chest. 2007;131(6):1702–1709. doi:10.1378/chest.06-2653
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malhotra A, Huang Y, Fogel R, et al. Aging influences on pharyngeal anatomy and physiology: the predisposition to pharyngeal collapse. Am J Med. 2006;119(1):72e9–14. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.01.077
   Google Scholar
• Janssens JP, Pache JC, Nicod LP. Physiological changes in respiratory function associated with ageing. Eur Respir J. 1999;13(1):197–205. doi:10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.13a36.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segal Y, Malhotra A, Pillar G. Upper airway length may be associated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Breath. 2008;12(4):311–316. doi:10.1007/s11325-008-0191-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vicini C, De Vito A, Iannella G, et al. The aging effect on upper airways collapse of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-L. 2018;275(12):2983–2990. doi:10.1007/s00405-018-5163-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma MA, Kumar R, Macey PM, Yan-Go FL, Harper RM. Epiglottis cross-sectional area and oropharyngeal airway length in male and female obstructive sleep apnea patients. Nat Sci Sleep. 2016;8:297–304. doi:10.2147/NSS.S113709
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veasey SC, Rosen IM. Obstructive sleep apnea in adults. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(15):1442–1449. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1816152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genta PR, Schorr F, Eckert DJ, et al. Upper airway collapsibility is associated with obesity and hyoid position. Sleep. 2014;37(10):1673–1678. doi:10.5665/sleep.4078
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anttalainen U, Saaresranta T, Aittokallio J, et al. Impact of menopause on the manifestation and severity of sleep-disordered breathing. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85(11):1381–1388. doi:10.1080/00016340600935649
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bixler EO, Vgontzas AN, Lin HM, et al. Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in women: effects of gender. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163(3 Pt 1):608–613. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.163.3.9911064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dancey DR, Hanly PJ, Soong C, Lee B, Hoffstein V. Impact of menopause on the prevalence and severity of sleep apnea. Chest. 2001;120(1):151–155. doi:10.1378/chest.120.1.151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar