References
- Emmi G, Bettiol A, Gelain E. et al. Evidence-Based Guideline for the diagnosis and management of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2023;19(6):378–393. doi:10.1038/s41584-023-00958-w
- Nguyen Y, Guillevin L. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss). Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2018;39(4):471–481. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1669454
- Samson M, Puéchal X, Devilliers H, et al. Long-term outcomes of 118 patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome) enrolled in two prospective trials. J Autoimmun. 2013;43:60–69. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2013.03.003
- Comarmond C, Pagnoux C, Khellaf M, et al. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss): clinical characteristics and long-term followup of the 383 patients enrolled in the French vasculitis study group cohort. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(1):270–281. doi:10.1002/art.37721
- Wechsler ME, Akuthota P, Jayne D, et al. Mepolizumab or placebo for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(20):1921–1932. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1702079
- Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Bacon PA, et al. revised international chapel hill consensus conference nomenclature of vasculitides. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(1):1–11. doi:10.1002/art.37715
- Hellmich B, Sanchez-Alamo B, Schirmer JH, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis: 2022 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2024;83(1):30–47. doi:10.1136/ard-2022-223764
- Yates M, Watts RA, Bajema IM, et al. EULAR/ERA-EDTA recommendations for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75(9):1583–1594. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209133
- Chan R, RuiWen Kuo C, Jabbal S, Lipworth BJ. Eosinophil depletion with benralizumab is associated with attenuated mannitol airway hyperresponsiveness in severe uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023;151(3):700–705.e10. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2022.10.028
- Ortega HG, Liu MC, Pavord ID, et al. Mepolizumab treatment in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(13):1198–1207. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1403290
- Bel EH, Wenzel SE, Thompson PJ, et al. Oral glucocorticoid-sparing effect of mepolizumab in eosinophilic asthma. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(13):1189–1197. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1403291
- Castro M, Zangrilli J, Wechsler ME, et al. Reslizumab for inadequately controlled asthma with elevated blood eosinophil counts: results from two multicentre, parallel, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 trials. Lancet Respir Med. 2015;3(5):355–366. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00042-9
- FitzGerald JM, Bleecker ER, Nair P, et al. Benralizumab, an anti-interleukin-5 receptor α monoclonal antibody, as add-on treatment for patients with severe, uncontrolled, eosinophilic asthma (CALIMA): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2016;388(10056):2128–2141. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31322-8
- Nair P, Wenzel S, Rabe KF, et al. Oral glucocorticoid-sparing effect of benralizumab in severe asthma. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(25):2448–2458. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1703501
- Kayser MZ, Drick N, Milger K, et al. Real-world multicenter experience with mepolizumab and benralizumab in the treatment of uncontrolled severe eosinophilic asthma over 12 months. J Asthma Allergy. 2021;14:863–871. doi:10.2147/JAA.S319572
- Eger K, Kroes JA, ten BA, Bel EH. Long-term therapy response to anti-IL-5 biologics in severe asthma-a real-life evaluation. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(3):1194–1200. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2020.10.010
- Han JK, Bachert C, Fokkens W, et al. Mepolizumab for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (SYNAPSE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(10):1141–1153. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00097-7
- Bachert C, Han JK, Desrosiers MY, et al. Efficacy and safety of benralizumab in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;149(4):1309–1317.e12. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2021.08.030
- Förster-Ruhrmann U, Stergioudi D, Szczepek AJ, et al. A real-life comparison of pulmonary and nasal outcomes in patients with severe asthma and nasal polyposis treated with T2-biologics. World Allergy Organ J. 2023;16(2):100746. doi:10.1016/j.waojou.2023.100746
- Mümmler C, Dünzelmann K, Kneidinger N, et al. Real-life effectiveness of biological therapies on symptoms in severe asthma with comorbid CRSwNP. Clin Transl Allergy. 2021;11(5):e12049. doi:10.1002/clt2.12049
- Korn S, Milger K, Skowasch D, et al. The German severe asthma patient: baseline characteristics of patients in the German severe asthma registry, and relationship with exacerbations and control. Respir Med. 2022;195:106793. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2022.106793
- Milger K, Korn S, Buhl R, et al. Age- and sex-dependent differences in patients with severe asthma included in the German Asthma Net cohort. Respir Med. 2020;162:105858. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2019.105858
- Briegel I, Felicio-Briegel A, Mertsch P, Kneidinger N, Haubner F, Milger K. Hypereosinophilia with systemic manifestations under dupilumab and possibility of dual benralizumab and dupilumab therapy in patients with asthma and CRSwNP. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(12):4477–4479. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2021.07.049
- Barnikel M, Grabmaier U, Mertsch P, et al. Domestic parasitic infections in patients with asthma and eosinophilia in Germany - three cases with learnings in the era of anti- IL5 treatments. J Asthma Allergy. 2023;16:1229–1232. doi:10.2147/JAA.S428607
- Guntur VP, Manka LA, Denson JL, et al. Benralizumab as a steroid-sparing treatment option in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(3):1186–1193.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2020.09.054
- Nanzer AM, Dhariwal J, Kavanagh J, et al. Steroid-sparing effects of benralizumab in patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. ERJ Open Res. 2020;6(4):00451–2020. doi:10.1183/23120541.00451-2020
- Bettiol A, Urban ML, Padoan R, et al. Benralizumab for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a retrospective, multicentre, cohort study. Lancet Rheumatol. 2023;5(12):e707–e715. doi:10.1016/S2665-9913(23)00243-6
- Cottu A, Groh M, Desaintjean C, et al. Benralizumab for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2023;82(12):1580–1586. doi:10.1136/ard-2023-224624
- Padoan R, Chieco Bianchi F, Marchi MR, et al. Benralizumab as a glucocorticoid-sparing treatment option for severe asthma in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020;8(9):3225–3227.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2020.05.033
- Bormioli S, Vultaggio A, Nencini F, et al. Benralizumab: resolution of eosinophilic pulmonary vasculitis in a patient with EGPA. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2021;31(6):519–521. doi:10.18176/jiaci.0689
- Belfeki N, Abroug S, Ghriss N, et al. Successful benralizumab for eosinophilic myocarditis in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2021;40(4):834–837. doi:10.55563/clinexprheumatol/ahyqld
- Wechsler ME, Nair P, Terrier B, et al. Benralizumab versus mepolizumab for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. N Engl J Med. 2024;390(10):911–921. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2311155
- Wechsler ME, Hellmich B, Cid MC, et al. Unmet needs and evidence gaps in hypereosinophilic syndrome and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023;151(6):1415–1428. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2023.03.011
- Suppiah R, Robson JC, Grayson PC, et al. American college of rheumatology/European alliance of associations for rheumatology classification criteria for microscopic polyangiitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(3):321–326. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221796
- Cottin V, Bel E, Bottero P, et al. Respiratory manifestations of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss). Eur Respir J. 2016;48(5):1429–1441. doi:10.1183/13993003.00097-2016
- Moosig F, Bremer JP, Hellmich B, et al. A vasculitis centre based management strategy leads to improved outcome in eosinophilic granulomatosis and polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss, EGPA): monocentric experiences in 150 patients. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(6):1011–1017. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201531
- Sinico RA, Di Toma L, Maggiore U, et al. Prevalence and clinical significance of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in churg-strauss syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52(9):2926–2935. doi:10.1002/art.21250
- Chan R, Lipworth BJ. Real-life effects of benralizumab on airway oscillometry in severe eosinophilic asthma. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2023;10(1). doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001472
- Chan R, Lipworth BJ. Impact of biologic therapy on the small airways asthma phenotype. Lung. 2022;200(6):691–696. doi:10.1007/s00408-022-00579-2
- Lommatzsch M, Criee C, De Jong C, et al. S2k-Leitlinie zur fachärztlichen Diagnostik und Therapie von Asthma. 2023; Available From: https://register.awmf.org/de/leitlinien/detail/020-009. Accessed February 12, 2024.
- Lommatzsch M, Brusselle GG, Canonica GW, et al. Disease-modifying anti-asthmatic drugs. Lancet. 2022;399(10335):1664–1668. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00331-2
- Milger K, Suhling H, Skowasch D, et al. Response to biologics and clinical remission in the adult German asthma net severe asthma registry cohort. J All Clini Immun Prac. 2023;11(9):2701–2712.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2023.05.047
- Thomas D, McDonald VM, Pavord ID, Gibson PG. Asthma remission: what is it and how can it be achieved? Eur Respir J. 2022;60(5):2102583. doi:10.1183/13993003.02583-2021
- Caminati M, Fassio A, Alberici F, et al. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis onset in severe asthma patients on monoclonal antibodies targeting type 2 inflammation: report from the European EGPA study group. Allergy. 2023. doi:10.1111/all.15934
- Umezawa N, Sasaki H, Furusawa H, Kawata D, Hata C, Yasuda S. Development of vasculitis in a case with severe asthma treated with benralizumab and low-dose corticosteroid. Allergol Int. 2023;72(1):179–181. doi:10.1016/j.alit.2022.08.004
- Yamazaki K, Nomizo T, Hatanaka K, Hayama N, Oguma T, Asano K. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis after treatment with dupilumab. J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob. 2022;1(3):180–182. doi:10.1016/j.jacig.2022.03.006
- Suzaki I, Tanaka A, Yanai R, et al. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis developed after dupilumab administration in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma: a case report. BMC Pulm Med. 2023;23(1):130. doi:10.1186/s12890-023-02415-6
- Lommatzsch M, Suhling H, Korn S, et al. Safety of combining biologics in severe asthma: asthma-related and unrelated combinations. Allergy. 2022;77(9):2839–2843. doi:10.1111/all.15379