208
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Assessing and Management of Neurotoxicity After CAR-T Therapy in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

ORCID Icon &
Pages 775-783 | Published online: 24 Aug 2021

References

  • Brudno JN, Kochenderfer JN. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies for lymphoma. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15(1):31–46. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.128
  • Neelapu SS, Locke FL, Bartlett NL, et al. Axicabtagene ciloleucel CAR T-cell therapy in refractory large B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(26):2531–2544. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1707447
  • Schuster SJ, Bishop MR, Tam CS, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in adult relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(1):45–56. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1804980
  • Locke Fl, Ghobadi A, Jacobson CA, et al. Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1–2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(1):31–42. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30864-7
  • Abramson JS, Palomba ML, Gordon LI, et al. Lisocabtagene maraleucel for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphomas (TRANSCEND NHL 001): a multicentre seamless design study. Lancet. 2020;396(10254):839–852. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31366-0
  • Lee DW, Gardner R, Porter DL, et al. Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of cytokine release syndrome. Blood. 2014;124(2):188–195. doi:10.1182/blood-2014-05-552729
  • Lee DW, Santomasso BD, Locke FL, et al. ASTCT consensus grading for cytokine release syndrome and neurologic toxicity associated with immune effector cells. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2019;25(4):625–638. doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2018.12.758
  • Maus MV, Alexander S, Bishop MR, et al. Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immune effector cell-related adverse events. J Immunother Cancer. 2020;8(2):e001511. doi:10.1136/jitc-2020-001511
  • Acharya UH, Dhawale T, Yun S, et al. Management of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. Expert Rev Hematol. 2019;12(3):195–205. doi:10.1080/17474086.2019.1585238
  • Mackall CL, Miklos DB. CNS endothelial cell activation emerges as a driver of CAR T cell-associated neurotoxicity. Cancer Discov. 2017;7(12):1371–1373. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-17-1084
  • Gust J, Hay KA, Hanafi LA, et al. Endothelial activation and blood-brain barrier disruption in neurotoxicity after adoptive immunotherapy with CD19 CAR-T cells. Cancer Discov. 2017;7(12):1404–1419. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-17-0698
  • Locke FL, Neelapu SS, Bartlett NL, et al. Preliminary results of prophylactic tocilizumab after axicabtageneciloleucel (axi-cel; KTE-C19) treatment for patients with refractory, aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). Blood. 2017;130(Supplement 1):1547.
  • Giavridis T, Van Der Stegen SJC, Eyquem J, Hamieh M, Piersigilli A, Sadelain M. CAR T cell-induced cytokine release syndrome is mediated by macrophages and abated by IL-1 blockade. Nat Med. 2018;24(6):731–738. doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0041-7
  • Norelli M, Camisa B, Barbiera G, et al. Monocyte-derived IL-1 and IL-6 are differentially required for cytokine-release syndrome and neurotoxicity due to CAR T cells. Nat Med. 2018;24(6):739–748. doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0036-4
  • Locke FL, Rossi JM, Neelapu SS, et al. Tumor burden, inflammation, and product attributes determine outcomes of axicabtagene ciloleucel in large B-cell lymphoma. Blood Adv. 2020;4(19):4898–4911. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002394
  • Maziarz RT, Schuster SJ, Ericson SG, et al. Cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity by baseline tumor burden in adults with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with tisagenlecleucel. Hematol Oncol. 2019;37(S2):307. doi:10.1002/hon.117_2630
  • Jacobson CA, Hunter BD, Redd R, et al. Axicabtagene ciloleucel in the non-trial setting: outcomes and correlates of response, resistance, and toxicity. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(27):3095–3106. doi:10.1200/JCO.19.02103
  • Nastoupil LJ, Jain MD, Feng L, et al. Standard-of-care axicabtagene ciloleucel for relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma: results from the US lymphoma CAR T consortium. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(27):3119–3128. doi:10.1200/JCO.19.02104
  • Wudhikarn K, Pennisi M, Garcia-Recio M, et al. DLBCL patients treated with CD19 CAR T cells experience a high burden of organ toxicities but low nonrelapse mortality. Blood Adv. 2020;4(13):3024–3033. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001972
  • Karschnia P, Jordan JT, Forst DA, et al. Clinical presentation, management, and biomarkers of neurotoxicity after adoptive immunotherapy with CAR T cells. Blood. 2019;133(20):2212–2221. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-12-893396
  • Gofshteyn JS, Shaw PA, Teachey DT, et al. Neurotoxicity after CTL019 in a pediatric and young adult cohort. Ann Neurol. 2018;84(4):537–546. doi:10.1002/ana.25315
  • Rubin DB, Al Jarrah A, Li K, et al. Clinical predictors of neurotoxicity after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. JAMA Neurol. 2020;77(12):1536–1542. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2703
  • Hay KA, Hanafi LA, Li D, et al. Kinetics and biomarkers of severe cytokine release syndrome after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy. Blood. 2017;130(21):2295–2306. doi:10.1182/blood-2017-06-793141
  • Santomasso BD, Park JH, Salloum D, et al. Clinical and biological correlates of neurotoxicity associated with CAR T-cell therapy in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Discov. 2018;8(8):958–971. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-17-1319
  • Singh N, Hofmann TJ, Gershenson Z, et al. Monocyte lineage-derived IL-6 does not affect chimeric antigen receptor T-cell function. Cytotherapy. 2017;19(7):867–880. doi:10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.04.001
  • Faramand R, Jain M, Staedtke V, et al. Tumor microenvironment composition and severe Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) influence toxicity in patients with large B-cell lymphoma treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel. Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26(18):4823–4831. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-1434
  • Maziarz RT, Schuster SJ, Romanov VV, et al. Grading of neurological toxicity in patients treated with tisagenlecleucel in the JULIET trial. Blood Adv. 2020;4(7):1440–1447. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001305
  • Neelapu SS, Tummala S, Kebriaei P, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy - assessment and management of toxicities. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15(1):47–62. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.148
  • Turtle CJ, Hay KA, Gust J, et al. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity (NT) after CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor- (CAR-) modified T cells. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(15_suppl):3020. doi:10.1200/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.3020
  • Poh A. JCAR015 in ALL: a root-cause investigation. Cancer Discov. 2018;8(1):4–5.
  • Frisen L. Swelling of the optic nerve head: a staging scheme. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1982;45(1):13–18. doi:10.1136/jnnp.45.1.13
  • Brudno JN, Kochenderfer JN. Toxicities of chimeric antigen receptor T cells: recognition and management. Blood. 2016;127(26):3321–3330. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-04-703751
  • Rubin DB, Danish HH, Ali AB, et al. Neurological toxicities associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Brain. 2019;142(5):1334–1348. doi:10.1093/brain/awz053
  • Herlopian A, Dietrich J, Abramson JS, Cole AJ, Westover MB. EEG findings in CAR T-cell therapy-related encephalopathy. Neurology. 2018;91(5):227–229. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000005910
  • Neelapu SS. Managing the toxicities of CAR T-cell therapy. Hematol Oncol. 2019;37(Suppl 1):48–52. doi:10.1002/hon.2595
  • Davila ML, Riviere I, Wang X, et al. Efficacy and toxicity management of 19-28z CAR T cell therapy in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Transl Med. 2014;6(224):224ra225. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3008226
  • Strati P, Ahmed S, Furqan F, et al. Prognostic impact of corticosteroids on efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in large B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2021;137(23):3272–3276. doi:10.1182/blood.2020008865
  • Tummala S. Anakinara to mitigate CAR T cell therapy associated toxicity (4838); 2021.
  • Strati P, Ahmed S, Kebriaei P, et al. Clinical efficacy of anakinra to mitigate CAR T-cell therapy-associated toxicity in large B-cell lymphoma. Blood Adv. 2020;4(13):3123–3127. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002328
  • Hernandez I, Prasad V, Gellad WF. Accounting for All costs in the total cost of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy-reply. JAMA Oncol. 2018;4(12):1785–1786. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.4657
  • Sterner RM, Sakemura R, Cox MJ, et al. GM-CSF inhibition reduces cytokine release syndrome and neuroinflammation but enhances CAR-T cell function in xenografts. Blood. 2019;133(7):697–709. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-10-881722
  • Oluwole OO, Bouabdallah K, Muñoz J, et al. Prophylactic steroid use with Axicabtagene Ciloleucel (Axi-Cel) in Patients (Pts) with Relapsed/Refractory Large B Cell Lymphoma (R/R LBCL). Presented at: 2021 TCT| Transplantation & Cellular Therapy Meetings of ASTCT and CIBMTR.