A Rare Association of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Sudanese Woman: Case Report

References

• Manson JJ, Rahman A. Systemic lupus erythematosus. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2006;1:6. PubMed PMID: 16722594. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC1459118. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-1-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adelowo OO, Oguntona SA. Pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus among Nigerians. Clin Rheumatol. 2009;28(6):699–703. PubMed PMID: 19242770. doi:10.1007/s10067-009-1139-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujimura Y, Isonishi A. [Pathophysiology of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai Shi. 2014;56(7):1043–1051. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 25420404.
   Google Scholar
• Kremer Hovinga JA, Lammle B. Role of ADAMTS13 in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2012;2012:610–616. PubMed PMID: 23233642. doi:10.1182/asheducation.V2012.1.610.3798654
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali Z, Zafar MU, Wolfe Z, Akbar F, Lash B. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura induced by immune checkpoint inhibitiors: a case report and review of the literature. Cureus. 2020;12(10):e11246. PubMed PMID: 33274128. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC7707147.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah AA, Higgins JP, Chakravarty EF. Thrombotic microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in a patient with SLE: diagnostic difficulties. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2007;3(6):357–362. PubMed PMID: 17538567. doi:10.1038/ncprheum0511
   Google Scholar
• Crawley JT, Scully MA. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: basic pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2013;2013:292–299. PubMed PMID: 24319194. doi:10.1182/asheducation-2013.1.292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luken BM, Turenhout EA, Hulstein JJ, Van Mourik JA, Fijnheer R, Voorberg J. The spacer domain of ADAMTS13 contains a major binding site for antibodies in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Thromb Haemost. 2005;93(2):267–274. PubMed PMID: 15711742. doi:10.1160/TH04-05-0301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fanouriakis A, Tziolos N, Bertsias G, Boumpas DT. Update on the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021;80(1):14–25. PubMed PMID: 33051219. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218272
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catalina MD, Owen KA, Labonte AC, Grammer AC, Lipsky PE. The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus: harnessing big data to understand the molecular basis of lupus. J Autoimmun. 2020;110:102359. PubMed PMID: 31806421. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102359
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cojocaru M, Cojocaru IM, Silosi I, Vrabie CD. Manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Maedica. 2011;6(4):330–336. PubMed PMID: 22879850. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC3391953.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Merayo-Chalico J, Demichelis-Gomez R, Rajme-Lopez S, et al. Risk factors and clinical profile of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Is this a distinctive clinical entity in the thrombotic microangiopathy spectrum?: a case control study. Thromb Res. 2014;134(5):1020–1027. PubMed PMID: 25257921. doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2014.09.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaime-Perez JC, Aguilar-Calderon PE, Salazar-Cavazos L, Gomez-Almaguer D. Evans syndrome: clinical perspectives, biological insights and treatment modalities. J Blood Med. 2018;9:171–184. PubMed PMID: 30349415. Pubmed Central PMCID: 6190623. doi:10.2147/JBM.S176144
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michel M, Chanet V, Dechartres A, et al. The spectrum of Evans syndrome in adults: new insight into the disease based on the analysis of 68 cases. Blood. 2009;114(15):3167–3172. PubMed PMID: 19638626. doi:10.1182/blood-2009-04-215368
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wada H, Matsumoto T, Suzuki K, et al. Differences and similarities between disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombotic microangiopathy. Thromb J. 2018;16(1):14. doi:10.1186/s12959-018-0168-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwok SK, Ju JH, Cho CS, Kim HY, Park SH. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in systemic lupus erythematosus: risk factors and clinical outcome: a single centre study. Lupus. 2009;18(1):16–21. PubMed PMID: 19074164. doi:10.1177/0961203308094360
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molinari AC, Banov L, Bertamino M, Barabino P, Lassandro G, Giordano P. A practical approach to the use of low molecular weight heparins in VTE treatment and prophylaxis in children and newborns. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2015;32(1):1–10. PubMed PMID: 25325764. Epub 2014/ 10/18.eng. doi:10.3109/08880018.2014.960119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torrente-Segarra V, Monte TCS, Corominas H. Musculoskeletal involvement and ultrasonography update in systemic lupus erythematosus: new insights and review. Eur J Rheumatol. 2018;5(2):127–130. PubMed PMID: 30183613. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC6072693. doi:10.5152/eurjrheum.2017.17198
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terrell DR, Vesely SK, Kremer Hovinga JA, Lammle B, George JN. Different disparities of gender and race among the thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic-uremic syndromes. Am J Hematol. 2010;85(11):844–847. PubMed PMID: 20799358. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC3420337. doi:10.1002/ajh.21833
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• George P, Das J, Pawar B, Kakkar N. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and systemic lupus erythematosus: successful management of a rare presentation. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2008;12(3):128–131. PubMed PMID: 19742252. Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC2738311. doi:10.4103/0972-5229.43682
   Google Scholar
• Adam Z, Sokwala A, Shah J, Ali SK. A delay in diagnosis: thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura occurring in systemic lupus erythematous. Pan Afr Med J. 2019;34:103. PubMed PMID: 31934246. Pubmed Central PMCID: 6945373. doi:10.11604/pamj.2019.34.103.20524
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aggarwal V, Singer Z, Ledingham D, Othman I. Refractory acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in a patient with sickle cell trait successfully treated with caplacizumab. Hematology. 2021;26(1):590–593. PubMed PMID: 34396933. doi:10.1080/16078454.2021.1959984
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar