Significance of Physical Status and Liver Function Reserve for Outcome of Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Lenvatinib Treatment

References

• Reig M, Forner A, Rimola J, et al. BCLC strategy for prognosis prediction and treatment recommendation: the 2022 update. J Hepatol. 2022;76(3):681–693. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2021.11.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhir M, Melin AA, Douaiher J, et al. A review and update of treatment options and controversies in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg. 2016;263(6):1112–1125. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000001556
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng AL, Kang YK, Chen Z, et al. Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients in the Asia-Pacific region with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a Phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(1):25–34. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70285-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llovet JM, Ricci S, Mazzaferro V, et al. Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(4):378–390. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0708857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abou-Alfa GK, Meyer T, Cheng AL, et al. Cabozantinib in patients with advanced and progressing hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(1):54–63. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1717002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruix J, Qin S, Merle P, et al. Regorafenib for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib treatment (RESORCE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2017;389(10064):56–66. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32453-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finn RS, Qin S, Ikeda M, et al. Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(20):1894–1905. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1915745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelley RK, Yau T, Cheng AL, et al. VP10-2021: cabozantinib (C) plus atezolizumab (A) versus sorafenib (S) as first-line systemic treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC): results from the randomized phase III COSMIC-312 trial. Ann Oncol. 2022;33(1):114–116. doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kudo M, Finn RS, Qin S, et al. Lenvatinib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2018;391(10126):1163–1173. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30207-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu AX, Kang YK, Yen CJ, et al. Ramucirumab after sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and increased alpha-fetoprotein concentrations (REACH-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(2):282–296. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30937-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruix J, Sherman M, Llovet JM, et al. Clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL conference. European Association for the study of the liver. J Hepatol. 2001;35(3):421–430. doi:10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00130-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruix J, Sherman M. Practice Guidelines Committee AAftSoLD. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2005;42(5):1208–1236. doi:10.1002/hep.20933
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lencioni R, Llovet JM. Modified RECIST (mRECIST) assessment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis. 2010;30(1):52–60. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1247132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang JF, Wu SM, Wu TH, et al. Liver resection for complicated hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges but opportunity for long-term survivals. J Surg Oncol. 2012;106(8):959–965. doi:10.1002/jso.23172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang SL, Liu LP, Yang S, et al. Preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein and prognosis after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Surg. 2016;103(6):716–724. doi:10.1002/bjs.10093
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikeda K, Kudo M, Kawazoe S, et al. Phase 2 study of lenvatinib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol. 2017;52(4):512–519. doi:10.1007/s00535-016-1263-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burgio V, Iavarone M, Di Costanzo GG, et al. Real-life clinical data of lenvatinib versus sorafenib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in Italy. Cancer Manag Res. 2021;13:9379–9389. doi:10.2147/CMAR.S330195
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiraoka A, Kumada T, Kariyama K, et al. Clinical features of lenvatinib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in real-world conditions: multicenter analysis. Cancer Med. 2019;8(1):137–146. doi:10.1002/cam4.1909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rapposelli IG, Tada T, Shimose S, et al. Adverse events as potential predictive factors of activity in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with lenvatinib. Liver Int. 2021;41(12):2997–3008. doi:10.1111/liv.15014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rimini M, Shimose S, Lonardi S, et al. Lenvatinib versus Sorafenib as first-line treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-institutional matched case-control study. Hepatol Res. 2021;51(12):1229–1241. doi:10.1111/hepr.13718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamai T, Hayato S, Hojo S, et al. Dose finding of lenvatinib in subjects with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma based on population pharmacokinetic and exposure-response analyses. J Clin Pharmacol. 2017;57(9):1138–1147. doi:10.1002/jcph.917
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee PC, Chao Y, Chen MH, et al. Predictors of response and survival in immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancers. 2020;12:1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao YY, Liu TH, Hsu C, et al. Early alpha-foetoprotein response associated with treatment efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int. 2019;39(11):2184–2189. doi:10.1111/liv.14210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teng W, Lin CC, Ho MM, et al. Alpha-fetoprotein response at different time-points is associated with efficacy of nivolumab monotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res. 2021;11(5):2319–2330.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JC, Hung HC, Wang YC, et al. Risk score model for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: the role of tumor burden and alpha-fetoprotein. Cancers. 2021;13:17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hung HC, Lee JC, Cheng CH, et al. Impact of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio on survival for hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2017;24(10):559–569. doi:10.1002/jhbp.498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hung HC, Lee JC, Wang YC, et al. Response prediction in immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancers. 2021;13:7. doi:10.3390/cancers13071607
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung MR, Park YK, Jeong O, et al. Elevated preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts poor survival following resection in late stage gastric cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2011;104(5):504–510. doi:10.1002/jso.21986
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazaki J, Katsumata K, Kasahara K, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a prognostic factor for colon cancer: a propensity score analysis. BMC Cancer. 2020;20(1):922. doi:10.1186/s12885-020-07429-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng J, Cai J, Li H, et al. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as prognostic predictors for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with various treatments: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2017;44(3):967–981. doi:10.1159/000485396
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nakano M, Kuromatsu R, Niizeki T, et al. Immunological inflammatory biomarkers as prognostic predictors for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. ESMO Open. 2021;6(1):100020. doi:10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casadei Gardini A, Scarpi E, Faloppi L, et al. Immune inflammation indicators and implication for immune modulation strategies in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving sorafenib. Oncotarget. 2016;7(41):67142–67149. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.11565
   PubMedGoogle Scholar