Screening and Verification of Key Ubiquitination Genes Related to Immune Infiltration in Stage III/IV Hepatocellular Carcinoma

References

• Villanueva A. Hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(15):1450–1462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawal G, Xiao Y, Rahnemai-Azar AA, et al. The immunology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Vaccines. 2021;9(10):1184. doi:10.3390/vaccines9101184
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clavien PA, Lesurtel M, Bossuyt PM, Gores GJ, Langer B, Perrier A. Recommendations for liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: an international consensus conference report. Lancet Oncol. 2012;13(1):e11–e22. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70175-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitale A, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Giannini EG, et al. Personalized treatment of patients with very early hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2017;66(2):412–423. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.09.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing M, Wang X, Kiken RA, He L, Zhang JY. Immunodiagnostic Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): the first step in detection and treatment. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(11):6139. doi:10.3390/ijms22116139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordan JD, Kennedy EB, Abou-Alfa GK, et al. Systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: ASCO guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(36):4317–4345. doi:10.1200/JCO.20.02672
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whiteside TL, Demaria S, Rodriguez-Ruiz ME, Zarour HM, Melero I. Emerging opportunities and challenges in cancer immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22(8):1845–1855. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-0049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoos A. Development of immuno-oncology drugs - from CTLA4 to PD1 to the next generations. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016;15(4):235–247. doi:10.1038/nrd.2015.35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu J, Shen J, Gu S, et al. Camrelizumab in combination with apatinib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (RESCUE): a nonrandomized, open-label, phase II trial. Clin Cancer Res. 2021;27(4):1003–1011. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-2571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng AL, Hsu C, Chan SL, Choo SP, Kudo M. Challenges of combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2020;72(2):307–319. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2019.09.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffy AG, Ulahannan SV, Makorova-Rusher O, et al. Tremelimumab in combination with ablation in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2017;66(3):545–551. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.10.029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu X, Wang J, Chu M, Liu Y, Wang ZW, Zhu X. Emerging role of ubiquitination in the regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy. Mol Ther. 2021;29(3):908–919. doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.12.032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C, Deng L, Hong M, Akkaraju GR, Inoue J, Chen ZJ. TAK1 is a ubiquitin-dependent kinase of MKK and IKK. Nature. 2001;412(6844):346–351. doi:10.1038/35085597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheffner M, Huibregtse JM, Vierstra RD, Howley PM. The HPV-16 E6 and E6-AP complex functions as a ubiquitin-protein ligase in the ubiquitination of p53. Cell. 1993;75(3):495–505. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90384-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu C, Xue B, Li J, Zhang Q. Tumor cell-derived exosome RNF126 affects the immune microenvironment and promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by regulating PTEN ubiquitination. Apoptosis. 2022;27(7–8):590–605. doi:10.1007/s10495-022-01738-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang YC, Wu YS, Hung CY, et al. USP24 induces IL-6 in tumor-associated microenvironment by stabilizing p300 and β-TrCP and promotes cancer malignancy. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):3996. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-06178-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xiong C, Wang Z, Wang G, et al. Identification of CDC20 as an immune infiltration-correlated prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Invest New Drugs. 2021;39(5):1439–1453. doi:10.1007/s10637-021-01126-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng R, Zhang P-F, Yang X, et al. Overexpression of RNF38 facilitates TGF-β signaling by ubiquitinating and degrading AHNAK in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019;38(1):113. doi:10.1186/s13046-019-1113-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bai XS, Zhang C, Peng R, et al. RNF128 promotes malignant behaviors via EGFR/MEK/ERK pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther. 2020;13:10129–10141. doi:10.2147/OTT.S269606
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao J, Su B, Peng R, et al. Bioinformatics analysis of immune infiltrates and tripartite motif (TRIM) family genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2022;13(4):1942–1958. doi:10.21037/jgo-22-619
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou J, Xu Y, Lin S, et al. iUUCD 2.0: an update with rich annotations for ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like conjugations. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46(D1):D447–D453. doi:10.1093/nar/gkx1041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang P, Gu S, Pan D, et al. Signatures of T cell dysfunction and exclusion predict cancer immunotherapy response. Nat Med. 2018;24(10):1550–1558. doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0136-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim KH, Choi KU, Kim A, et al. PD-L1 expression on stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes is a favorable prognostic factor in ovarian serous carcinoma. J Ovarian Res. 2019;12(1):56. doi:10.1186/s13048-019-0526-0
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ravelli A, Roviello G, Cretella D, et al. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and breast cancer: beyond the prognostic and predictive utility. Tumour Biol. 2017;39(4):1010428317695023. doi:10.1177/1010428317695023
   Google Scholar
• Gajic ZZ, Deshpande A, Legut M, Imieliński M, Sanjana NE. Recurrent somatic mutations as predictors of immunotherapy response. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):3938. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31055-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu Y, Yang J, Xu D, et al. Disruption of tumour-associated macrophage trafficking by the osteopontin-induced colony-stimulating factor-1 signalling sensitises hepatocellular carcinoma to anti-PD-L1 blockade. Gut. 2019;68(9):1653–1666. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318419
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang X, Shi J, Chen X, Jiang Y, Zhao H. Efficacy of cabozantinib and nivolumab in treating hepatocellular carcinoma with RET amplification, high tumor mutational burden, and PD-L1 expression. The Oncologist. 2020;25(6):470–474. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0563
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie C, Wu H, Pan T, et al. A novel panel based on immune infiltration and tumor mutational burden for prognostic prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging. 2021;13(6):8563–8587. doi:10.18632/aging.202670
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang Y, Wang Z, Jia F, et al. CXCR4-guided liposomes regulating hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment for sorafenib-resistant tumor treatment. Bioact Mater. 2022;17:147–161. doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He Q, Yang J, Jin Y. Development and validation of TACE refractoriness-related diagnostic and prognostic scores and characterization of tumor microenvironment infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol. 2022;13:869993. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.869993
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang JH, Liu YF, Ke AW, et al. Clinical significance of the ubiquitin ligase UBE3C in hepatocellular carcinoma revealed by exome sequencing. Hepatology. 2014;59(6):2216–2227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng R, Huang X, Zhang C, Yang X, Xu Y, Bai D. Overexpression of UHRF2 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and its clinical significance. Onco Targets Ther. 2017;10:5863–5872. doi:10.2147/OTT.S149361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arya R, Dangi RS, Makwana PK, Kumar A, Upadhyay SK, Sundd M. Grb2 carboxyl-terminal SH3 domain can bivalently associate with two ligands, in an SH3 dependent manner. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1284. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01364-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu GZ, Chen Y, Wang JJ. Overexpression of Grb2/HER2 signaling in Chinese gastric cancer: their relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognostic significance. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2009;135(10):1331–1339. doi:10.1007/s00432-009-0574-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Li Z, Yang M, et al. Identification of GRB2 and GAB1 coexpression as an unfavorable prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma by a combination of expression profile and network analysis. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e85170. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding C, Tang W, Wu H, et al. The PEAK1-PPP1R12B axis inhibits tumor growth and metastasis by regulating Grb2/PI3K/Akt signalling in colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett. 2019;442:383–395. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2018.11.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun C, Huang S, Hou Y, et al. Long noncoding RNA AC092171.4 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by sponging microRNA-1271 and upregulating GRB2. Aging. 2020;12(14):14141–14156. doi:10.18632/aging.103419
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu GZ, Chen Y, Long YQ, Dong D, Mu XL, Wang JJ. New insight into the key proteins and pathways involved in the metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. Oncol Rep. 2008;19(5):1191–1204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozward AG, Warricker F, Oo YH, Khakoo SI. Natural killer cells and regulatory T cells cross talk in hepatocellular carcinoma: exploring therapeutic options for the next decade. Front Immunol. 2021;12:643310. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.643310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pham L, Kyritsi K, Zhou T, et al. The functional roles of immune cells in primary liver cancer. Am J Pathol. 2022;192(6):826–836. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.02.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitsuiki N, Schwab C, Grimbacher B. What did we learn from CTLA-4 insufficiency on the human immune system? Immunol Rev. 2019;287(1):33–49. doi:10.1111/imr.12721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimoda Y, Shibaki R, Yoshida T, et al. Concurrent high PD-L1 expression and CD8(+) immune cell infiltration predict PD-1 blockade efficacy in advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients. Clin Lung Cancer. 2022;23(6):477–486. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.05.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Z, Wu N, Lu Y, Davidson D, Colonna M, Veillette A. DNAM-1 controls NK cell activation via an ITT-like motif. J Exp Med. 2015;212(12):2165–2182. doi:10.1084/jem.20150792
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritthipichai K, Haymaker CL, Martinez M, et al. Multifaceted role of BTLA in the control of CD8(+) T-cell fate after antigen encounter. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23(20):6151–6164. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Z, Hao R, Guo Q, Zhang S, Wang X. TP53 mutation infers a poor prognosis and is correlated to immunocytes infiltration in breast cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:759154. doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.759154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao W, Du N, Huang T, et al. TP53 mutation as potential negative predictor for response of anti-CTLA-4 therapy in metastatic melanoma. EBioMedicine. 2018;32:119–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ou Q, Yu Y, Li A, et al. Association of survival and genomic mutation signature with immunotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Transl Med. 2020;8(5):230. doi:10.21037/atm.2020.01.32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheu JW, Wong CC. Mechanistic rationales guiding combination hepatocellular carcinoma therapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors. Hepatology. 2021;74(4):2264–2276. doi:10.1002/hep.31840
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu ZH, Yao TZ, Liu W. miR-378a-3p sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin through targeting MAPK1/GRB2. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;107:1410–1417. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y, Wu J, Yan H, et al. Lymecycline reverses acquired EGFR-TKI resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer by targeting GRB2. Pharmacol Res. 2020;159:105007. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong ZY, Zhong WZ, Zhang XC, et al. Potential predictive value of TP53 and KRAS mutation status for response to PD-1 blockade immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23(12):3012–3024. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-2554
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie L, Zeng Y, Dai Z, et al. Chemical and genetic inhibition of STAT3 sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib induced cell death. Int J Biol Sci. 2018;14(5):577–585. doi:10.7150/ijbs.22220
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suter MA, Tan NY, Thiam CH, et al. cGAS-STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway is suppressed by JAK2-STAT3 in tumor cells. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):7243. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-86644-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Hu R, Song Z, et al. Sorafenib combined with STAT3 knockdown triggers ER stress-induced HCC apoptosis and cGAS-STING-mediated anti-tumor immunity. Cancer Lett. 2022;547:215880. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215880
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou B, Xu S, Xu Y, et al. Grb2 binds to PTEN and regulates its nuclear translocation to maintain the genomic stability in DNA damage response. Cell Death Dis. 2019;10(8):546. doi:10.1038/s41419-019-1762-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar