Integration of Multimodal Computed Tomography Radiomic Features of Primary Tumors and the Spleen to Predict Early Recurrence in Patients with Postoperative Adjuvant Transarterial Chemoembolization

References

• Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–249. doi:10.3322/caac.21660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer. 2015;136(5):E359–86. doi:10.1002/ijc.29210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabibbo G, Enea M, Attanasio M, Bruix J, Craxi A, Camma C. A meta-analysis of survival rates of untreated patients in randomized clinical trials of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2010;51(4):1274–1283. doi:10.1002/hep.23485
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madkhali AA, Fadel ZT, Aljiffry MM, Hassanain MM. Surgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(1):11–17. doi:10.4103/1319-3767.151216
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabrizian P, Jibara G, Shrager B, Schwartz M, Roayaie S. Recurrence of hepatocellular cancer after resection: patterns, treatments, and prognosis. Ann Surg. 2015;261(5):947–955. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000000710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han K, Kim JH. Transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: Barcelona clinic liver cancer staging system. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21(36):10327–10335. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i36.10327
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heimbach JK, Kulik LM, Finn RS, et al. AASLD guidelines for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2018;67(1):358–380. doi:10.1002/hep.29086
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Association for the Study of the Liver. Electronic address eee, European Association for the Study of the L. EASL clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2018;69(1):182–236. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun Y, Zhang W, Bi X, et al. Systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Chinese consensus-based interdisciplinary expert statements. Liver Cancer. 2022;11(3):192–208. doi:10.1159/000521596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu J, Zhao M, Arai Y, et al. Clinical practice of transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: consensus statement from an international expert panel of International Society of Multidisciplinary Interventional Oncology (ISMIO). Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2021;10(5):661–671. doi:10.21037/hbsn-21-260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng H, Yang X, Liu G. Superstable homogeneous iodinated formulation technology: revolutionizing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Sci Bull. 2020;65(20):1685–1687. doi:10.1016/j.scib.2020.06.029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Z, Cheng H, Mao J, Liu G. Conversion therapy of intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma using superstable homogeneous iodinated formulation technology. Sci China Life Sci. 2022;65(10):2114–2117. doi:10.1007/s11427-022-2142-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Du PC, Wu MC, Cong WM. Postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization for multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma within the Barcelona clinic liver cancer early stage and microvascular invasion. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2018;7(6):418–428. doi:10.21037/hbsn.2018.09.05
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen X, Zhang B, Yin X, Ren Z, Qiu S, Zhou J. Lipiodolized transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after curative resection. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2013;139(5):773–781. doi:10.1007/s00432-012-1343-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poon RT, Fan ST, Lo CM, Liu CL, Wong J. Intrahepatic recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: long-term results of treatment and prognostic factors. Ann Surg. 1999;229(2):216–222. doi:10.1097/00000658-199902000-00009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poon RT, Fan ST, Ng IO, Lo CM, Liu CL, Wong J. Different risk factors and prognosis for early and late intrahepatic recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer. 2000;89(3):500–507. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(20000801)89:3<500::AID-CNCR4>3.0.CO;2-O
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambin P, Leijenaar RTH, Deist TM, et al. Radiomics: the bridge between medical imaging and personalized medicine. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14(12):749–762. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2017.141
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillies RJ, Kinahan PE, Hricak H. Radiomics: images are more than pictures, they are data. Radiology. 2016;278(2):563–577. doi:10.1148/radiol.2015151169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou Y, He L, Huang Y, et al. CT-based radiomics signature: a potential biomarker for preoperative prediction of early recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma. Abdom Radiol. 2017;42(6):1695–1704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo D, Gu D, Wang H, et al. Radiomics analysis enables recurrence prediction for hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation. Eur J Radiol. 2019;117:33–40. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.05.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brenet Defour L, Mule S, Tenenhaus A, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma: CT texture analysis as a predictor of survival after surgical resection. Eur Radiol. 2019;29(3):1231–1239. doi:10.1007/s00330-018-5679-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis SM, Williams A, Eisenbarth SC. Structure and function of the immune system in the spleen. Sci Immunol. 2019;4(33):1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han Y, Liu Q, Hou J, et al. Tumor-induced generation of splenic erythroblast-like ter-cells promotes tumor progression. Cell. 2018;173(3):634–48 e12. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.061
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Sun J, Zhang W, et al. Use of radiomics to extract splenic features to predict prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2020;46(10 Pt A):1932–1940. doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2020.06.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang YS, Chen XD, Shi MM, et al. Diffuse reduction of spleen density is an independent predictor of post-operative outcomes after curative gastrectomy in gastric cancer: a multi-center study. Front Oncol. 2020;10:1050. doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.01050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bureau of Medical Administration. 原发性肝癌诊疗指南 (2022年版) [Standardization for diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (2022 edition)]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2022;30(4):367–388. Chinese.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clinical Guidelines Committee of Chinese Interventionalists C. 中国肝细胞癌经动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗临床实践指南 (2021年版) [Chinese clinical practice guidelines for transarterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2021;60(7):599–614. Chinese. doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210425-00991
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lencioni R, Llovet JM. Modified RECIST (mRECIST) assessment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis. 2010;30(1):52–60. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1247132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Z, Ren Z, Chen Y, et al. Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma after resection: a randomized controlled study. Clin Cancer Res. 2018;24(9):2074–2081.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aufhauser DD, Sadot E, Murken DR, et al. Incidence of occult intrahepatic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transplantation corresponds to early recurrence rates after partial hepatectomy. Ann Surg. 2018;267(5):922–928. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000002135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Peralvarez M, Luong TV, Andreana L, Meyer T, Dhillon AP, Burroughs AK. A systematic review of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnostic and prognostic variability. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20(1):325–339.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen ZH, Zhang XP, Zhou TF, et al. Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization improves survival outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2019;45(11):2188–2196. doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2019.06.031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang XP, Chai ZT, Gao YZ, et al. Postoperative adjuvant sorafenib improves survival outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with microvascular invasion after R0 liver resection: a propensity score matching analysis. HPB. 2019;21(12):1687–1696. doi:10.1016/j.hpb.2019.04.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu HT, Wang Z, Huang XW, et al. Ultrasound-based radiomics score: a potential biomarker for the prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur Radiol. 2019;29(6):2890–2901. doi:10.1007/s00330-018-5797-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chong HH, Yang L, Sheng RF, et al. Multi-scale and multi-parametric radiomics of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI predicts microvascular invasion and outcome in patients with solitary hepatocellular carcinoma </= 5 cm. Eur Radiol. 2021;31(7):4824–4838. doi:10.1007/s00330-020-07601-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Zhang Y, Fang Q, et al. Radiomics analysis of [(18)F]FDG PET/CT for microvascular invasion and prognosis prediction in very-early- and early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021;48(8):2599–2614. doi:10.1007/s00259-020-05119-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu F, Guo X, Dong W, et al. Postoperative adjuvant TACE-associated nomogram for predicting the prognosis of resectable Hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus after liver resection. Int J Biol Sci. 2020;16(16):3210–3220. doi:10.7150/ijbs.46896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marasco G, Colecchia A, Colli A, et al. Role of liver and spleen stiffness in predicting the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after resection. J Hepatol. 2019;70(3):440–448. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.10.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeishi K, Kawanaka H, Itoh S, et al. Impact of splenic volume and splenectomy on prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma within Milan criteria after curative hepatectomy. World J Surg. 2018;42(4):1120–1128. doi:10.1007/s00268-017-4232-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kudo M, Kawamura Y, Hasegawa K, et al. Management of Hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan: JSH consensus statements and recommendations 2021 update. Liver Cancer. 2021;10(3):181–223. doi:10.1159/000514174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang Y, Jeong SW, Young Jang J, Jae Kim Y. Recent updates of transarterial chemoembolilzation in Hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(21):8165. doi:10.3390/ijms21218165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reig M, Forner A, Rimola J, et al. BCLC strategy for prognosis prediction and treatment recommendation: the 2022 update. J Hepatol. 2022;76(3):681–693. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2021.11.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang F, Deng K, Zheng H, Liu Z, Zheng Y. Progress of targeted and immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and the application of next-generation sequencing. Ann Hepatol. 2022;27(2):100677. doi:10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100677
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zelenka J, Lenicek M, Muchova L, et al. Highly sensitive method for quantitative determination of bilirubin in biological fluids and tissues. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2008;867(1):37–42. doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.03.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu B, Hu X, Jin H, et al. Albumin-bilirubin and platelet-albumin-bilirubin grades for hepatitis B-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in Child-Pugh A patients treated with radical surgery: a retrospective observational study. Medicine. 2019;98(43):e17394. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000017394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang P, Moses AS, Li C, et al. Prognosis factors of predicting survival in spontaneously ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int. 2022;16:1330–1338. doi:10.1007/s12072-022-10403-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou J, Yuan J, Chen H, et al. Development of a prognostic score for recommended transarterial chemoembolization candidates with spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2022;13(3):1376–1383. doi:10.21037/jgo-22-531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar