Development and Validation of a Nomogram to Assist Monitoring Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Hospitalized Patients

References

• Meo SA, Alhowikan AM, Al-Khlaiwi T, et al. Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: prevalence, biological and clinical characteristics comparison with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020;24:2012–2019. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202002_20379
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) weekly epidemiological update; 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-operational-update-on-covid-19—23-november-2021. Accessed November 23, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Zhou Q, Gao YL, Wang XM, et al. Nosocomial infections among patients with COVID-19, SARS and MERS: a rapid review and meta-analysis. Ann Transl Med. 2020;8:629. doi:10.21037/atm-20-3324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China. The guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (7th version); 2020. Available from: http://www.nhc.gov.cn/yzygj/s7653p/202003/46c9294a7dfe4cef80dc7f5912eb1989.shtml. Accessed March 4, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Chu DKW, Pan Y, Cheng SMS, et al. Molecular diagnosis of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causing an outbreak of pneumonia. Clin Chem. 2020;66:549–555. doi:10.1093/clinchem/hvaa029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corman VM, Landt O, Kaiser M, et al. Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR. Euro Surveill. 2020;25:2000045. doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lippi G, Simundic AM, Plebani M. Potential preanalytical and analytical vulnerabilities in the laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020;58:1070–1076. doi:10.1515/cclm-2020-0285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arevalo-Rodriguez I, Buitrago-Garcia D, Simancas-Racines D, et al. False-negative results of initial RT-PCR assays for COVID-19: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2020;15:e0242958. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242958
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiang F, Wang X, He X, et al. Antibody detection and dynamic characteristics in patients with COVID-19. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71:1930–1934. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa461
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao R, Li M, Song H, et al. Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 patients as a serologic marker of infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71:2066–2072. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li G, Chen X, Xu A. Profile of specific antibodies to the SARS-associated coronavirus. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:508–509. doi:10.1056/NEJM200307313490520
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang CL, Wang YM, Li XW, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395: 497–506.
   Google Scholar
• Jin YH, Cai L, Cheng ZS, et al. A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version). Mil Med Res. 2020; 7: 4.
   Google Scholar
• Pan YB, Ye GM, Zeng XT, et al. Can routine laboratory tests discriminate SARS-CoV-2-infected pneumonia from other causes of community-acquired pneumonia? Clin Transl Med. 2020; 10: 161–168.
   Google Scholar
• Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology. 1982; 143: 29–36.
   Google Scholar
• Coutant C, Olivier C, Lambaudie E, et al. Comparison of models to predict nonsentinel lymph node status in breast cancer patients with metastatic sentinel lymph nodes: a prospective multicenter study. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:2800–2808. doi:10.1200/JCO.2008.19.7418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vickers AJ, Elkin EB. Decision curve analysis: a novel method for evaluating prediction models. Med Decis Making. 2006;26:565–574. doi:10.1177/0272989X06295361
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou ZR, Wang WW, Li Y, et al. In-depth mining of clinical data: the construction of clinical prediction model with R. Ann Transl Med. 2019;7:796. doi:10.21037/atm.2019.08.63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang M, Wu Q, Xu W, et al. Clinical diagnosis of 8274 samples with 2019-novel coronavirus in Wuhan. MedRxiv. 2020;18. doi:10.1101/2020.02.12.20022327
   Google Scholar
• Li Z, Yi Y, Luo X, et al. Development and clinical application of a rapid IgM-IgG combined antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosis. J Med Virol. 2020;92:1518–1524. doi:10.1002/jmv.25727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng Z, Lu Y, Cao Q, et al. Clinical features and chest CT manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a single-center study in Shanghai, China. Am J Roentgenol. 2020;215:121–126. doi:10.2214/AJR.20.22959
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qin C, Zhou L, Hu Z, et al. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71:762–768. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu G, Wang J. Dynamic changes in routine blood parameters of a severe COVID-19 case. Clin Chim Acta. 2020;508:98–102. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2020.04.034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong J, Ou J, Qiu X, et al. A tool to early predict severe corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a multicenter study using the risk nomogram in Wuhan and Guangdong, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71:833–840. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa443
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ko JH, Park GE, Lee JY, et al. Predictive factors for pneumonia development and progression to respiratory failure in MERS-CoV infected patients. J Infect. 2016;73:468–475. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2016.08.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Yang Y, Zhang C, et al. Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury. Sci China Life Sci. 2020;63:364–374. doi:10.1007/s11427-020-1643-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Channappanavar R, Perlman S. Pathogenic human coronavirus infections: causes and consequences of cytokine storm and immunopathology. Semin Immunopathol. 2017;39:529–539. doi:10.1007/s00281-017-0629-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu WJ, Zhao M, Liu K, et al. T-cell immunity of SARS-CoV: implications for vaccine development against MERS-CoV. Antiviral Res. 2017;137:82–92. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.11.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu J. Covert coronavirus infections could be seeding new outbreaks. Nature. 2020. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-00822-x
   Google Scholar
• Zou L, Ruan F, Huang M, et al. SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:1177–1179. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2001737
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar