Engeletin Alleviates the Inflammation and Apoptosis in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK Pathways

References

• Cieza A, Causey K, Kamenov K, Hanson SW, Chatterji S, Vos T. Global estimates of the need for rehabilitation based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2021;396(10267):2006–2017. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32340-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin Z, Wang D, Zhang H, et al. Incidence trend of five common musculoskeletal disorders from 1990 to 2017 at the global, regional and national level: results from the global burden of disease study 2017. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79(8):1014–1022. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Li Y, Nan LP, et al. Insights of stem cell-based endogenous repair of intervertebral disc degeneration. World J Stem Cells. 2020;12(4):266–276. doi:10.4252/wjsc.v12.i4.266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vos T, Lim SS, Abbafati C, et al. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396(10258):1204–1222. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, et al. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet. 2018;391(10137):2356–2367. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vo NV, Hartman RA, Patil PR, et al. Molecular mechanisms of biological aging in intervertebral discs. J Orthop Res. 2016;34(8):1289–1306. doi:10.1002/jor.23195
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binch ALA, Fitzgerald JC, Growney EA, Barry F. Cell-based strategies for IVD repair: clinical progress and translational obstacles. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2021;17(3):158–175. doi:10.1038/s41584-020-00568-w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frapin L, Clouet J, Delplace V, Fusellier M, Guicheux J, Le Visage C. Lessons learned from intervertebral disc pathophysiology to guide rational design of sequential delivery systems for therapeutic biological factors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019;149–150:49–71. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2019.08.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruber HE, Hanley EN. Analysis of aging and degeneration of the human intervertebral disc. Comparison of surgical specimens with normal controls. Spine. 1998;23(7):751–757. doi:10.1097/00007632-199804010-00001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urban JPG, Fairbank JCT. Current perspectives on the role of biomechanical loading and genetics in development of disc degeneration and low back pain; a narrative review. J Biomech. 2020;102:109573. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Che M, Xin J, Zheng Z, Li J, Zhang S. The role of IL-1β and TNF-α in intervertebral disc degeneration. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;131:110660. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110660
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson ZI, Schoepflin ZR, Choi H, Shapiro IM, Risbud MV. Disc in flames: roles of TNF-α and IL-1β in intervertebral disc degeneration. Eur Cell Mater. 2015;30:104–117. doi:10.22203/eCM.v030a08
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bachmeier BE, Nerlich A, Mittermaier N, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase expression levels suggest distinct enzyme roles during lumbar disc herniation and degeneration. Eur Spine J. 2009;18(11):1573–1586. doi:10.1007/s00586-009-1031-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang G, Liu Y, Geries J, et al. An intervertebral disc whole organ culture system to investigate proinflammatory and degenerative disc disease condition. J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2018;12(4):e2051–e2061. doi:10.1002/term.2636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X-B, Hu Y-C, Cheng P, et al. Targeted therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration: inhibiting apoptosis is a promising treatment strategy. Int J Med Sci. 2021;18(13):2799–2813. doi:10.7150/ijms.59171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts S, Evans H, Trivedi J, Menage J. Histology and pathology of the human intervertebral disc. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Suppl 2):10–14. doi:10.2106/JBJS.F.00019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Z, Ji H, Shi J, Zhu X, Zhi Z. Engeletin attenuates Aβ1-42-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation by Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Inflammation. 2020;43(5):1759–1771. doi:10.1007/s10753-020-01250-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao X, Chen R, Shi Y, Zhang X, Tian C, Xia D. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of six flavonoids from roxb. Molecules. 2020;25(22):5295. doi:10.3390/molecules25225295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alam F, Mohammadin K, Shafique Z, Amjad ST, Asad MHHB. Citrus flavonoids as potential therapeutic agents: a review. Phytother Res. 2022;36(4):1417–1441. doi:10.1002/ptr.7261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C, La L, Feng H, et al. Aldose reductase inhibitor engeletin suppresses pelvic inflammatory disease by blocking the phospholipase C/Protein kinase C-Dependent/NF-κB and MAPK cascades. J Agric Food Chem. 2020;68(42):11747–11757. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu H, Zhao G, Jiang K, Li C, Qiu C, Deng G. Engeletin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis in mice by inhibiting TLR4-mediated NF-κB activation. J Agric Food Chem. 2016;64(31):6171–6178. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Jiang Z, Pang Z, et al. Engeletin protects against TNF-α-induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation in chondrocytes and alleviates osteoarthritis in vivo. J Inflamm Res. 2021;14:745–760. doi:10.2147/JIR.S297166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han B, Zhu K, Li F-C, et al. A simple disc degeneration model induced by percutaneous needle puncture in the rat tail. Spine. 2008;33(18):1925–1934. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e31817c64a9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji M-L, Jiang H, Zhang X-J, et al. Preclinical development of a microRNA-based therapy for intervertebral disc degeneration. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):5051. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07360-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Z, Yang X, Zhou Y, et al. Dehydrocostus lactone attenuates the senescence of nucleus pulposus cells and ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration via inhibition of STING-TBK1/NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:641098. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.641098
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hossain MA, Alam MJ, Kim B, Kang C-W, Kim J-H. Ginsenoside-Rb1 prevents bone cartilage destruction through down-regulation of p-Akt, p-P38, and p-P65 signaling in rabbit. Phytomedicine. 2022;100:154039. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154039
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao H, Kong L, Shao M, et al. Protective effect of flavonoids extract of Hippophae rhamnoides L. on alcoholic fatty liver disease through regulating intestinal flora and inhibiting TAK1/p38MAPK/p65NF-κB pathway. J Ethnopharmacol. 2022;292:115225. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.115225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urban JPG, Roberts S. Degeneration of the intervertebral disc. Arthritis Res Ther. 2003;5(3):120–130. doi:10.1186/ar629
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grunhagen T, Shirazi-Adl A, Fairbank JCT, Urban JPG. Intervertebral disk nutrition: a review of factors influencing concentrations of nutrients and metabolites. Orthop Clin North Am. 2011;42(4):465–477. doi:10.1016/j.ocl.2011.07.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakai D, Grad S. Advancing the cellular and molecular therapy for intervertebral disc disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2015;84:159–171. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2014.06.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruber HE, Hoelscher GL, Ingram JA, Bethea S, Hanley EN. Growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) in the human intervertebral annulus cells and its modulation by IL-1ß and TNF-α in vitro. Exp Mol Pathol. 2014;96(2):225–229. doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.02.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risbud MV, Shapiro IM. Role of cytokines in intervertebral disc degeneration: pain and disc content. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2014;10(1):44–56. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2013.160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Maitre CL, Hoyland JA, Freemont AJ. Catabolic cytokine expression in degenerate and herniated human intervertebral discs: IL-1beta and TNFalpha expression profile. Arthritis Res Ther. 2007;9(4):R77. doi:10.1186/ar2275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vergroesen PPA, Kingma I, Emanuel KS, et al. Mechanics and biology in intervertebral disc degeneration: a vicious circle. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2015;23(7):1057–1070. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2015.03.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kepler CK, Anderson DG, Tannoury C, Ponnappan RK. Intervertebral disk degeneration and emerging biologic treatments. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2011;19(9):543–553. doi:10.5435/00124635-201109000-00005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buckwalter JA. Aging and degeneration of the human intervertebral disc. Spine. 1995;20(11):1307–1314. doi:10.1097/00007632-199506000-00022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan H, Belwal T, Efferth T, et al. Targeting epigenetics in cancer: therapeutic potential of flavonoids. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;61(10):1616–1639. doi:10.1080/10408398.2020.1763910
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mozaffarian D, Wu JHY. Flavonoids, dairy foods, and cardiovascular and metabolic health: a review of emerging biologic pathways. Circ Res. 2018;122(2):369–384. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.309008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rengasamy KRR, Khan H, Gowrishankar S, et al. The role of flavonoids in autoimmune diseases: therapeutic updates. Pharmacol Ther. 2019;194:107–131. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.09.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiler C, Nerlich AG, Bachmeier BE, Boos N. Expression and distribution of tumor necrosis factor alpha in human lumbar intervertebral discs: a study in surgical specimen and autopsy controls. Spine. 2005;30(1):44–53. doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000149186.63457.20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin Z, Fu C, Yan Z, et al. The protective effect of hesperetin in osteoarthritis: an in vitro and in vivo study. Food Funct. 2020;11(3):2654–2666. doi:10.1039/C9FO02552A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spitz AZ, Gavathiotis E. Physiological and pharmacological modulation of BAX. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2022;43(3):206–220. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2021.11.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiyama A, Sakai D, Mochida J. Cell signaling pathways related to pain receptors in the degenerated disk. Global Spine j. 2013;3(3):165–174. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1345036
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clouet J, Fusellier M, Camus A, Le Visage C, Guicheux J. Intervertebral disc regeneration: from cell therapy to the development of novel bioinspired endogenous repair strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2019;146:306–324. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sampara P, Banala RR, Vemuri SK, Av GR, Gpv S. Understanding the molecular biology of intervertebral disc degeneration and potential gene therapy strategies for regeneration: a review. Gene Ther. 2018;25(2):67–82. doi:10.1038/s41434-018-0004-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu ZL, Li HY, Chang X, et al. Exosomes derived from stem cells as an emerging therapeutic strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration. World J Stem Cells. 2020;12(8):803–813. doi:10.4252/wjsc.v12.i8.803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar