References
- Aldridge M, Kelley A. The myth regarding the high cost of end - of - life care. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(12):2411–2415. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.30288926469646
- Moses H, Matheson DH, Dorsey ER, et al. The anatomy of healthcare in the United States. JAMA. 2013;310(18):1947–1963. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.28142524219951
- The Palliative Care Act - Department of Health. Available from: www.health.ny.gov. Accessed April 2, 2011.
- R version 3.4.2. R Core Team (2017). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R foundation for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria Available from: www.R-project.org/. Accessed February 6, 2018.
- Ramsaroop SD, Reid MC, Adelman RD. Completing an advance directive in the primary care setting: what do we need for success? J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007;55(2):277–283. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01065.x17302667
- Emanuel LL, Danis M, Pearman RA, Singer PA. Advance care planning as a process: structuring the discussions in practice. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995;43(4):440–446.7706637
- Smucker WD, Ditto PH, Moore KA, et al. Elderly outpatients respond favorably to a physician-initiated advance directive discussion. J Am Board Fam Pract. 1993;6(5):473–482.8213238
- Greco PJ, Schulman KA, Lavizzo-Mourey R, Hansen-Flaschen J. The patient self-determination act and the future of advance directives. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115(8):639–643.1892335
- Beach MC, Morrison RS. The effect of do-not-resuscitate orders on physician decision-making. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002;50(12):2057–2061.12473020
- Smith CB, Bunch O’Neill L. Do not resuscitate does not mean do not treat: how palliative care and other modalities can help facilitate communication about goals of care in advance illness. Mt Sinai J Med. 2008;75(5):460–465. doi:10.1002/msj.2007618828169
- Sykes N, Thorns A. The use of opioids and sedatives at the end of life. Lancet Oncol. 2003;4(5):312–318.12732169
- Gaudin AM. Cruzan v. Director, Missouri department of health: to die or not to die: that is the question – but who decides? LA Law Rev. 1991;51(6):1308–1345.
- Caralis PV, Hammond JS. Attitudes of medical students, housestaff, and faculty physicians toward euthanasia and termination of life-sustaining treatment. Crit Care Med. 1992;20(5):683–690.1572195
- Casarett D, Kapo J, Caplan A. Appropriate use of artificial nutrition and hydration – fundamental principles and recommendations. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(24):2607–2612.16354899
- Weissman DE, Meier DE. Identifying patients in need of a palliative care assessment in the hospital setting: a consensus report from the center to advance palliative care. J Palliat Med. 2011;14(1):17–23. doi:10.1089/jpm.2010.034721133809
- Medical Orders for Life-sustaining Treatment (MOLST). Available from: www.health.ny.gov/forms/doh-5003pdf. Accessed September 2, 2012.
- Teno JM, Gozalo PL, Lee IC, et al. Does hospice improve quality of care for persons dying from dementia? J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011;59(8):1531–1536. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03505.x21797834
- von Gunten CF, Lutz S, Ferris FD. Why oncologists should refer patients earlier for hospice crae. Palliat Support Care. 2011;25(13):1–8.
- McGorty EK, Bornstein BH. Barriers to physicians’ decisions to discuss hospice: insights gained from the United States hospice model. J Eval Clin Pract. 2003;9(3):363–372.12895158
- Mintzer DM, Zagrabbe K. On how increasing numbers of newer cancer therapies further delay referral to hospice: the increasing palliative care imperative. Am J Hosp Paliat Care. 2007;24(2):126–130. doi:10.1177/1049909106297363
- Jencks SF, Williams MV, Coleman EA. Rehospitalizations among patients in the Medicare fee-for-service program. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:1418–1428. doi:10.1056/NEJMsa080356319339721
- Kripalani S, Theobaldd CN, Anctill B, Vasilevskis EE. Reducing hospital readmission rates: current strategies and future directions. Annu Rev Med. 2014;65:471–485. doi:10.1146/annurev-med-022613-09041524160939
- Zier LS, Burack JH, Micco G, et al. Surrogate decision makers’ responses to physicians’ predictions of medical futility. Chest. 2009;136(1):110–117. doi:10.1378/chest.08-275319318665
- Demoule A, Cracco C, Lefort Y, et al. Patients aged 90 years or older in the intensive care unit. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2005;60(1):129–132.15741296