Morning akinesia in Parkinson's disease: challenges and solutions

References

• Aquino CC, Fox SH. Clinical spectrum of levodopa-induced complications. Mov Disord. 2015;30(1):80–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapuis S, Ouchchane L, Metz O, Gerbaud L, Durif F. Impact of the motor complications of Parkinson’s disease on the quality of life. Mov Disord. 2005;20(2):224–230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizos A, Martinez-Martin P, Odin P, et al. Characterizing motor and non-motor aspects of early-morning off periods in Parkinson’s disease:an international multicenter study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2014;20(11):1231–1235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Storch A, Schneider CB, Wolz M, et al. Nonmotor fluctuations in Parkinson disease:severity and correlation with motor complications. Neurology. 2013;80(9):800–809.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhuri K, Healy D, Schapira A. Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease:diagnosis and management. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5(3):235–245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wetter TC, Collado-Seidel V, Pollmächer T, Yassouridis a, Trenkwalder C. Sleep and periodic leg movement patterns in drug-free patients with Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy. Sleep. 2000;23(3):361–367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Factor SA, McAlarney T, Sanchez-Ramos JR, Weiner WJ. Sleep disorders and sleep effect in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 1990;5(4):280–285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Borreguero D, Larrosa O, Bravo M. Parkinson’s disease and sleep. Sleep Med Rev. 2003;7(2):115–129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkes JD. Variability in Parkinson’s disease; clinical aspects, causes and treatment. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 1983;95:27–35.
   Google Scholar
• Nutt JG, Gancher ST, Woodward WR. Does an inhibitory action of levodopa contribute to motor fluctuations? Neurology. 1988;38(10):1553–1557.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nutt JG, Woodward WR, Hammerstad JP, Carter JH, Anderson JL. The “on-off” phenomenon in Parkinson’s disease. Relation to levodopa absorption and transport. N Engl J Med. 1984;310(8):483–488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfeiffer RF. Gastrointestinal, urological, and sexual dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2010;25:94–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heetun ZS, Quigley EMM. Gastroparesis and Parkinson’s disease:a systematic review. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2012;18(5):433–440.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isaacson SH, Chaudhuri KR. Morning akinesia and the potential role of gastroparesis – Managing delayed onset of first daily dose of oral levodopa in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Eur Neurol Rev. 2013;8(2):82–84.
   Google Scholar
• Woitalla D, Goetze O. Treatment approaches of gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease, therapeutical options and future perspectives. J Neurol Sci. 2011;310(1–2):152–158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez-Martin P, Rodriguez-Blazquez C, Kurtis MM, Chaudhuri KR. The impact of non-motor symptoms on health-related quality of life of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2011;26(3):399–406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka Y, Kato T, Nishida H, et al. Is there a delayed gastric emptying of patients with early-stage, untreated Parkinson’s disease? An analysis using the 13C-acetate breath test. J Neurol. 2011;258:421–426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurlan R, Rothfield KP, Woodward WR, et al. Erratic gastric emptying of levodopa may cause “random” fluctuations of parkinsonian mobility. Neurology. 1988;38(3):419–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djaldetti R, Baron J, Ziv I, Melamed E. Gastric emptying in Parkinson’s disease:patients with and without response fluctuations. Neurology. 1996;46(4):1051–1054.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardoff R, Sula M, Tamir A, et al. Gastric emptying time and gastric motility in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2001;16(6):1041–1047.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyholm D, Lennernas H. Irregular gastrointestinal drug absorption in Parkinson’s disease. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2008;4(2):193–203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doi H, Sakakibara R, Sato M, et al. Plasma levodopa peak delay and impaired gastric emptying in Parkinson’s disease. J Neurol Sci. 2012;319(1–2):86–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaná P, Kuntsmann C, Reyes-Parada M, Sáez-Briones P. Delayed early morning turn “ON” in response to a single dose of levodopa in advanced Parkinson’s disease: pharmacokinetics should be considered. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004;75:1782–1783.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Müller T, Erdmann C, Bremen D, et al. Impact of gastric emptying on levodopa pharmacokinetics in Parkinson disease patients. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2006;29(2):61–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jost WH. Gastrointestinal motility problems in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Effects of antiparkinsonian treatment and guidelines for management. Drugs Aging. 1997;10:249–258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valenzuela JE, Defilippi C, Diaz G, Navia E, Merino Y. Effect of dopamine on human gastric and pancreatic secretion. Gastroenterology. 1979;76(2):323–326.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lertxundi U, Peral J, Mora O, Domingo-Echaburu S, Martínez-Bengoechea MJ, García-Moncó JC. Antidopaminergic therapy for managing comorbidities in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008;65(5):414–419.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhuri KR, Odin P, Antonini A, Martinez-Martin P. Parkinson’s disease:the non-motor issues. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2011;17(10):717–723.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsden CD, Parkes JD. Success and problems of long-term levodopa therapy in Parkinson’s disease. Lancet. 1977;309:345–349.
   Google Scholar
• Obeso JA, Rodriguez-Oroz MC, Chana P, Lera G, Rodriguez M, Olanow CW. The evolution and origin of motor complications in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology. 2000;55:13–23.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Group PS. Impact of deprenyl and tocopherol treatment on Parkinson’s disease in DATATOP patients requiring levodopa. Parkinson Study Group. Ann Neurol. 1996;39(1):37–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Group PS. Pramipexole vs Levodopa as initial treatment for Parkinson disease:a Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA. 2000;284(15):1931–1938.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koller WC, Pahwa R. Treating motor fluctuations with controlled-release levodopa preparations. Neurology. 1994;44(7 Suppl 6):S23–S28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melamed E, Zoldan J, Galili-Mosberg R, Ziv I, Djaldetti R. Current management of motor fluctuations in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease treated chronically with levodopa. J Neural Transm Suppl. 1999;56:173–183.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stocchi F, Bonamartini A, Vacca L, Ruggieri S. Motor fluctuations in levodopa treatment:clinical pharmacology. Eur Neurol. 1996;36(Suppl 1):38–42.
   Google Scholar
• Koller WC. Management of motor fluctuations in Parkinson’s disease. Eur Neurol. 1996;36(Suppl 1):43–48.
   Google Scholar
• Swope DM. Rapid treatment of “wearing off” in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology. 2004;62(6 Suppl 4):S27–S31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obering CD, Chen JJ, Swope DM. Update on apomorphine for the rapid treatment of hypomobility (“Off”) episodes in Parkinson’s disease. Pharmacotherapy. 2006;26(6):840–852.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinonen EH, Rinne UK. Selegiline in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 1989;126:103–111.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tambasco N, Simoni S, Marsili E, et al. Clinical aspects and management of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Parkinsons Dis. 2012;2012:745947.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bracco F, Malesani R, Saladini M, Battistin L. Protein redistribution diet and antiparkinsonian response to levodopa. Eur Neurol. 1991;31(2):68–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson DR, Higginson I, Macklin BS, Renwick AG, Waller DG, George CF. The influence of protein containing meals on the pharmacokinetics of levodopa in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1991;31(4):413–417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brannan T, Martinez-Tica J, Yahr MD. Effect of dietary protein on striatal dopamine formation following L-dopa administration:an in vivo study. Neuropharmacology. 1991;30(10):1125–1127.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jankovic J. Complications and limitations of drug therapy for Parkinson’s disease. Neurology. 2000;55(12):S2–S6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baas HK, Schueler P. Efficacy of cabergoline in long-term use:results of three observational studies in 1,500 patients with Parkinson’s disease. Eur Neurol. 2001;46(Suppl 1):18–23.
   Google Scholar
• Pastor P, Tolosa E. [Cabergoline in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease]. Neurologia. 2003;18(4):202–209. Spanish.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhuri KR, Clough C. Subcutaneous apomorphine in Parkinson’s disease. BMJ. 1998;316(7132):641.
   Google Scholar
• Tambasco N, Muti M, Chiarini P, et al. Entacapone reduces cortical activation in Parkinson’s disease with wearing-off:A f-MRI study. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e96806.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Högl B, Rothdach A, Wetter TC, Trenkwalder C. The effect of cabergoline on sleep, periodic leg movements in sleep, and early morning motor function in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003;28(10):1866–1870.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rinne UK. Combined bromocriptine-levodopa therapy early in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology. 1985;35(8):1196–1198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rinne UK. Early combination of bromocriptine and levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease:a 5-year follow-up. Neurology. 1987;37(5):826–828.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giladi N, Fichtner A, Poewe W, Boroojerdi B. Rotigotine transdermal system for control of early morning motor impairment and sleep disturbances in patients with Parkinson’s disease. J Neural Transm. 2010;117(12):1395–1399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trenkwalder C, Kies B, Rudzinska M, et al. Rotigotine effects on early morning motor function and sleep in Parkinson’s disease:a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study (RECOVER). Mov Disord. 2011;26(1):90–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stocchi F, Stirpe P. The relevance of dopaminergic level in nocturnal disability in Parkinson’s disease:implications of continuous dopaminergic stimulation at night to treat the symptoms. J Neural Transm. 2014;121(Suppl 1):79–83.
   Google Scholar
• Sanford M, Scott LJ. Rotigotine transdermal patch:a review of its use in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. CNS Drugs. 2011;25(8):699–719.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhuri KR, Martinez-Martin P, Rolfe K, a, et al. Improvements in nocturnal symptoms with ropinirole prolonged release in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease. Eur J Neurol. 2012;19(1):105–113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poewe WH, Rascol O, Quinn N, et al. Efficacy of pramipexole and transdermal rotigotine in advanced Parkinson’s disease:a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6(6):513–520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trosch RM, Silver D, Bottini PB. Intermittent subcutaneous apomorphine therapy for “off” episodes in Parkinson’s disease:a 6-month open-label study. CNS Drugs. 2008;22(6):519–527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfeiffer RF, Gutmann L, Hull KL, Bottini PB, Sherry JH. Continued efficacy and safety of subcutaneous apomorphine in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease. Park Relat Disord. 2007;13(2):93–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wüllner U, Fuchs G, Reketat N, Randerath O, Kassubek J. Requirements for Parkinson’s disease pharmacotherapy from the patients’ perspective:a questionnaire-based survey. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012;28(7):1239–1246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zibetti M, Rizzone M, Merola A, et al. Sleep improvement with levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusion in Parkinson disease. Acta Neurol Scand. 2013;127(5):28–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnulf I, Bejjani BP, Garma L, et al. Improvement of sleep architecture in PD with subthalamic nucleus stimulation. Neurology. 2000;55(11):1732–1734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hjort N, Østergaard K, Dupont E. Improvement of sleep quality in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease treated with deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. Mov Disord. 2004;19(2):196–199.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derrey S, Lefaucheur R, Chastan N, et al. Alleviation of off-period dystonia in Parkinson disease by a microlesion following subthalamic implantation. J Neurosurg. 2010;112(6):1263–1266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cantor L. Treating Sleep Disorders:Principles and Practice of Behavioral Sleep Medicine. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;7:37.
   Google Scholar
• Belenky G, Wu LJ, Jackson ML. Occupational sleep medicine:practice and promise. Prog Brain Res. 2011;190:189–203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar