Systemic Ropivacaine Concentrations Following Local Infiltration Analgesia and Femoral Nerve Block in Older Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

References

• Hebl JR, Dilger JA, Byer DE, et al. A pre-emptive multimodal pathway featuring peripheral nerve block improves perioperative outcomes after major orthopedic surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2008;33(6):510–517. doi:10.1097/00115550-200811000-00002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan CM, Moeschler SM, Horlocker TT, Hanssen AD, Hebl JR, Self-Paired A. Comparison of Perioperative Outcomes Before and After Implementation of a Clinical Pathway in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38(6):533. doi:10.1097/AAP.0000000000000014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelley TC, Adams MJ, Mulliken BD, Dalury DF. Efficacy of multimodal perioperative analgesia protocol with periarticular medication injection in total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, double-blinded study. J Arthroplasty. 2013;28(8):1274–1277. doi:10.1016/j.arth.2013.03.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwofie MK, Shastri UD, Gadsden JC, et al. The effects of ultrasound-guided adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block on quadriceps strength and fall risk: a blinded, randomized trial of volunteers. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2013;38(4):321–325. doi:10.1097/AAP.0b013e318295df80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasudev G, Smith BE, Limbird TJ. Blood levels of bupivacaine after arthroscopy of the knee joint. Arthroscopy. 1990;6(1):40–42. doi:10.1016/0749-8063(90)90095-u
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Albrecht E, Guyen O, Jacot-Guillarmod A, Kirkham KR. The analgesic efficacy of local infiltration analgesia vs femoral nerve block after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2016;116(5):597–609. doi:10.1093/bja/aew099
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gromov K, Grassin-Delyle S, Foss NB, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine used for local infiltration anaesthesia during primary total unilateral and simultaneous bilateral knee arthroplasty. Br J Anaesth. 2021;126(4):872–880. doi:10.1016/j.bja.2020.11.038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brydone AS, Souvatzoglou R, Abbas M, Watson DG, McDonald DA, Gill AM. Ropivacaine plasma levels following high-dose local infiltration analgesia for total knee arthroplasty. Anaesthesia. 2015;70(7):784–790. doi:10.1111/anae.13017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Affas F, Stiller CO, Nygårds EB, Stephanson N, Wretenberg P, Olofsson C. A randomized study comparing plasma concentration of ropivacaine after local infiltration analgesia and femoral block in primary total knee arthroplasty. Scand J Pain. 2012;3(1):46–51. doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2011.09.001
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mörwald EE, Zubizarreta N, Cozowicz C, Poeran J, Memtsoudis SG. Incidence of local anesthetic systemic toxicity in orthopedic patients receiving peripheral nerve blocks. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2017;42(4):442–445. doi:10.1097/AAP.0000000000000544
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hübler M, Planitz MC, Vicent O. Early pharmacokinetic of ropivacaine without epinephrine after injection into the psoas compartment. Br J Anaesth. 2015;114(1):130–135. doi:10.1093/bja/aeu363
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang F, Lv C, Yang L, Wang S, Zhang M, Guo X. Pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine in elderly patients receiving fascia iliaca compartment block. Exp Ther Med. 2019;18(4):2648–2652. doi:10.3892/etm.2019.7838
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koniuch KL, Buys MJ, Campbell B, et al. Serum ropivacaine levels after local infiltration analgesia during total knee arthroplasty with and without adductor canal block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019;44(4):478–482. doi:10.1136/rapm-2018-100043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller RJ, Cameron AJ, Dimech J, Orec RJ, Lightfoot NJ. Plasma Ropivacaine Concentrations Following Local Infiltration Analgesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty: a Pharmacokinetic Study to Determine Safety Following Fixed-Dose Administration. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018;43(4):347–351. doi:10.1097/AAP.0000000000000727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knudsen K, Beckman Suurküla M, Blomberg S, Sjövall J, Edvardsson N. Central nervous and cardiovascular effects of i.v. infusions of ropivacaine, bupivacaine and placebo in volunteers. Br J Anaesth. 1997;78(5):507–514. doi:10.1093/bja/78.5.507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakker SMK, Fenten MGE, Touw DJ, et al. Pharmacokinetics of 400 mg locally infiltrated ropivacaine after total knee arthroplasty without perioperative tourniquet use. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018;43(7):699. doi:10.1097/AAP.0000000000000816
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasques F, Behr AU, Weinberg G, Ori C, Di gregorio GA. Review of local anesthetic systemic toxicity cases since publication of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia recommendations: to whom it may concern. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2015;40(6):698–705. doi:10.1097/AAP.0000000000000320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldinger R, Weinberg G, Gitman M. Local anesthetic toxicity in the geriatric population. Drugs Aging. 2020;37(1):1–9. doi:10.1007/s40266-019-00718-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams DJ, Walker JD. A nomogram for calculating the maximum dose of local anaesthetic. Anaesthesia. 2014;69(8):847–853. doi:10.1111/anae.12679
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg PH, Veering BT, Urmey WF. Maximum recommended doses of local anesthetics: a multifactorial concept. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2004;29(6):564–575. doi:10.1016/j.rapm.2004.08.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaudreault F, Drolet P, Fallaha M, Varin F. A population pharmacokinetic model for the complex systemic absorption of ropivacaine after femoral nerve block in patients undergoing knee surgery. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn. 2012;39(6):635–642. doi:10.1007/s10928-012-9275-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin DS, Matsumoto MM, Weinberg G, Roth S. Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity in Total Joint Arthroplasty: incidence and Risk Factors in the United States From the National Inpatient Sample 1998–2013. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2018;43(2):131–137. doi:10.1097/AAP.0000000000000684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekström G, Gunnarsson UB. Ropivacaine, a new amide-type local anesthetic agent, is metabolized by cytochromes P450 1A and 3A in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996;24(9):955–961.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karmakar MK, Ho AMH, Law BK, Wong ASY, Shafer SL, Gin T. Arterial and venous pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine with and without epinephrine after thoracic paravertebral block. Anesthesiology. 2005;103(4):704–711. doi:10.1097/00000542-200510000-00008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott DA, Emanuelsson B-M, Mooney PH, Cook RJ, Junestrand C. Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of long-term epidural ropivacaine infusion for postoperative analgesia. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 1997;85(6):1322–1330. doi:10.1213/00000539-199712000-00026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar