Levetiracetam for epilepsy: an evidence map of efficacy, safety and economic profiles

References

• BeghiEAddressing the burden of epilepsy: many unmet needsPharmacol Res2016107798426952026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FiestKMSauroKMWiebeSPrevalence and incidence of epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of international studiesNeurology201788329630327986877
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OlesenJGustavssonASvenssonMThe economic cost of brain disorders in EuropeEur J Neurol201219115516222175760
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BegleyCEDurginTLThe direct cost of epilepsy in the United States: a systematic review of estimatesEpilepsia20155691376138726216617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KortlandLMAlfterABährOCosts and cost-driving factors for acute treatment of adults with status epilepticus: a multicenter cohort study from GermanyEpilepsia201657122056206627753082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WillemsLMRichterSWatermannNTrends in resource utilization and prescription of anticonvulsants for patients with active epilepsy in Germany from 2003 to 2013 – a ten-year overviewEpilepsy Behav201883283529649671
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epilepsies: diagnosis and management (clinical guideline [CG137]) Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg137Accessed July 18, 2017
   Google Scholar
• ZhuFLangSYWangXQLong-term effectiveness of antiepileptic drug monotherapy in partial epileptic patients: a 7-year study in an epilepsy center in ChinaChin Med J2015128223015302226608980
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MatagneAMargineanuDGKendaBMichelPKlitgaardHAnti-convulsive and anti-epileptic properties of brivaracetam (ucb 34714), a high-affinity ligand for the synaptic vesicle protein, SV2ABr J Pharmacol200815481662167118500360
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RigoJMHansGNguyenLThe anti-epileptic drug levetiracetam reverses the inhibition by negative allosteric modulators of neuronal GABA- and glycine-gated currentsBr J Pharmacol2002136565967212086975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeshpandeLSDelorenzoRJMechanisms of levetiracetam in the control of status epilepticus and epilepsyFront Neurol201451124550884
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EmswilerMPCumpstonKLSecond generation anticonvulsants: gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, and topiramate Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312660054_Second_Generation_Anticonvulsants_Gabapentin_Lamotrigine_Levetiracetam_and_Topiramate?ev=auth_pubAccessed July 18, 2017
   Google Scholar
• FrenchJEdrichPCramerJAA systematic review of the safety profile of levetiracetam: a new antiepileptic drugEpilepsy Res2001471–2779011673023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SpencerDLevetiracetam in men with epilepsy: testosterone is left alone but sperm count is paramountEpilepsy Curr20171729910028490999
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FaganAFuldJSoonELevetiracetam-induced eosinophilic pneumoniaBMJ Case Rep20172017bcr2016219121
   Google Scholar
• KimJShinJWLevetiracetam-induced thrombocytopenia in a patient with status epilepticusEpileptic Disord201719110410828202425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• di LorenzoRLiYRhabdomyolysis associated with levetiracetam administrationMuscle Nerve2017561E1E228039868
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SheaBJGrimshawJMWellsGADevelopment of AMSTAR: a measurement tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviewsBMC Med Res Methodol2007711017302989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HigginsJPAltmanDGGøtzschePCThe Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trialsBMJ2011343d592822008217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WellsGASheaBO’ConnellDThe Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.aspAccessed July 18, 2017
   Google Scholar
• HusereauDDrummondMPetrouSConsolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statementValue Health2013162e1e523538200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SirvenJIFifeTDWingerchukDMDrazkowskiJFSecond-generation antiepileptic drugs’ impact on balance: a meta-analysisMayo Clin Proc2007821404717285784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CostaJFareleiraFAscençãoRBorgesMSampaioCVaz-CarneiroAClinical comparability of the new antiepileptic drugs in refractory partial epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysisEpilepsia20115271280129121729036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LoBWKyuHHJichiciDUptonAMAklEAMeadeMOMeta-analysis of randomized trials on first line and adjunctive levetiracetamCan J Neurol Sci201138347548621515509
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HanHQuWKangHEffect of second-generation antiepileptic drugs on diplopia: a meta-analysis of placebo-controlled studiesJ Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci201232455756222886970
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MaguireMMarsonAGRamaratnamSEpilepsy (generalized)BMJ Clin Evid201220121201
   Google Scholar
• MbizvoGKDixonPHuttonJLMarsonAGLevetiracetam add-on for drug-resistant focal epilepsy: an updated Cochrane ReviewCochrane Database Syst Rev201299CD001901
   Google Scholar
• PiedadJRickardsHBesagFMCavannaAEBeneficial and adverse psychotropic effects of antiepileptic drugs in patients with epilepsy: a summary of prevalence, underlying mechanisms and data limitationsCNS Drugs201226431933522393904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AryaRGlauserTAPharmacotherapy of focal epilepsy in children: a systematic review of approved agentsCNS Drugs201327427328623515971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BodaliaPNGrossoAMSofatRComparative efficacy and tolerability of anti-epileptic drugs for refractory focal epilepsy: systematic review and network meta-analysis reveals the need for long term comparator trialsBr J Clin Pharmacol201376564966723351090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FangYWuXXuLRandomized-controlled trials of levetiracetam as an adjunctive therapy in epilepsy of multiple seizure typesJ Clin Neurosci2014211556224231559
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HalmaEde LouwAJKlinkenbergSAldenkampAPIjffDMMajoieMBehavioral side-effects of levetiracetam in children with epilepsy: a systematic reviewSeizure201423968569124981629
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MbizvoGKDixonPHuttonJLMarsonAGThe adverse effects profile of levetiracetam in epilepsy: a more detailed lookInt J Neurosci2014124962763424256446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FountoulakisKNGondaXBaghaiTCReport of the WPA section of pharmacopsychiatry on the relationship of antiepileptic drugs with suicidality in epilepsyInt J Psychiatry Clin Pract201519315816725547437
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VerrottiAPreziosoGdi SabatinoFFrancoVChiarelliFZaccaraGThe adverse event profile of levetiracetam: a meta-analysis on children and adultsSeizure201531495526362377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WeijenbergABrouwerOFCallenbachPMLevetiracetam monotherapy in children with epilepsy: a systematic reviewCNS Drugs201529537138226013703
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CamposMSAyresLRMoreloMRMarquesFAPereiraLREfficacy and tolerability of antiepileptic drugs in patients with focal epilepsy: systematic review and network meta-analysesPharmacotherapy201636121255127127779771
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EgunsolaOChoonaraISammonsHMSafety of levetiracetam in paediatrics: a systematic reviewPLoS One2016113e014968626930201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WestonJBromleyRJacksonCFMonotherapy treatment of epilepsy in pregnancy: congenital malformation outcomes in the childCochrane Database Syst Rev201611CD01022427819746
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangLLiSLiHZouXLevetiracetam vs. brivaracetam for adults with refractory focal seizures: a meta-analysis and indirect comparisonSeizure201639283327236448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GengHWangCEfficacy and safety of oxcarbazepine in the treatment of children with epilepsy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsNeuropsychiatr Dis Treat20171368569528293110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SongJMHahnJKimSHChangMJEfficacy of treatments for infantile spasms: a systematic reviewClin Neuropharmacol2017402638428288483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MchughDCLancasterSManganasLNA systematic review of the efficacy of levetiracetam in neonatal seizuresNeuropediatrics2018491012017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohd-TahirNALiSCMeta-analyses of newer antiepileptic drugs as adjunct for treatment of focal epilepsy in childrenEpilepsy Res201813911312229220742
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NevittSJSudellMWestonJTudur SmithCMarsonAGAnti-epileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant dataCochrane Database Syst Rev20176CD01141228661008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RosatiAIlventoLLucenteforteEComparative efficacy of antiepileptic drugs in children and adolescents: a network meta-analysisEpilepsia201859229731429270989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VeronikiAACogoERiosPComparative safety of anti-epileptic drugs during pregnancy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of congenital malformations and prenatal outcomesBMC Med20171519528472982
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VeronikiAARiosPCogoEComparative safety of antiepileptic drugs for neurological development in children exposed during pregnancy and breast feeding: a systematic review and network meta-analysisBMJ Open201777e017248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangLWangCLiWA meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on levetiracetam in the treatment of pediatric patients with epilepsyNeuropsychiatr Dis Treat20181476977929559784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhaoTFengXLiuJGaoJZhouCEvaluate the efficacy and safety of anti-epileptic medications for partial seizures of epilepsy: a network meta-analysisJ Cell Biochem201711892850286428214290
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhuLNChenDXuDTanGWangHJLiuLNewer antiepi-leptic drugs compared to levetiracetam as adjunctive treatments for uncontrolled focal epilepsy: an indirect comparisonSeizure20175112113228854405
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BerkovicSFKnowltonRCLeroyRFSchiemannJFalterULevetiracetam N01057 Study GroupPlacebo-controlled study of levetiracetam in idiopathic generalized epilepsyNeurology200769181751176017625106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BrodieMJPeruccaERyvlinPBen-MenachemEMeenckeHJLevetiracetam Monotherapy Study GroupComparison of levetiracetam and controlled-release carbamazepine in newly diagnosed epilepsyNeurology200768640240817283312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CoppolaGFranzoniEVerrottiALevetiracetam or oxcarbazepine as monotherapy in newly diagnosed benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS): an open-label, parallel group trialBrain Dev200729528128417055681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NoachtarSAndermannEMeyvischPLevetiracetam for the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsy with myoclonic seizuresNeurology200870860761618285535
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhouBZhangQTianLXiaoJStefanHZhouDEffects of levetiracetam as an add-on therapy on cognitive function and quality of life in patients with refractory partial seizuresEpilepsy Behav200812230531018024209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LabinerDMEttingerABFakhouryTAEffects of lamotrigine compared with levetiracetam on anger, hostility, and total mood in patients with partial epilepsyEpilepsia200950343444219016830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LevisohnPMMintzMHunterSJYangHJonesJN01103 Levetiracetam Study GroupNeurocognitive effects of adjunctive levetiracetam in children with partial-onset seizures: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, noninferiority trialEpilepsia200950112377238919702752
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LimDATaraporePChangESafety and feasibility of switching from phenytoin to levetiracetam monotherapy for glioma-related seizure control following craniotomy: a randomized Phase II pilot studyJ Neurooncol200993334935419169651
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PeltolaJCoetzeeCJiménezFOnce-daily extended-release levetiracetam as adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients with epilepsy: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trialEpilepsia200950340641419317886
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piña-GarzaJENordliDRRatingDAdjunctive levetiracetam in infants and young children with refractory partial-onset seizuresEpilepsia20095051141114919243423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WuXYHongZWuXMulticenter double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of levetiracetam as add-on therapy in Chinese patients with refractory partial-onset seizuresEpilepsia200950339840518657175
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• XiaoZLiJMWangXFEfficacy and safety of levetiracetam (3,000 mg/day) as an adjunctive therapy in Chinese patients with refractory partial seizuresEur Neurol200961423323919176965
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CumboELigoriLDLevetiracetam, lamotrigine, and phenobarbital in patients with epileptic seizures and Alzheimer’s diseaseEpilepsy Behav201017446146620188634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de La LogeCHunterSJSchiemannJYangHAssessment of behavioral and emotional functioning using standardized instruments in children and adolescents with partial-onset seizures treated with adjunctive levetiracetam in a randomized, placebo-controlled trialEpilepsy Behav201018329129820547106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UCB Japan Co LtdA double-blind, placebo-controlled study of levetiracetam in epilepsy patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (except partial seizures evolving to secondarily generalized seizures) Available from: https://ClinicalTrials.gov/show/NCT01228747Accessed July 18, 2017
   Google Scholar
• UCB Korea Co., LtdLevetiracetam versus topiramate as adjunctive therapy to evaluate efficacy and safety in subjects with refractory partial onset seizures Available from: https://ClinicalTrials.gov/show/NCT01229735Accessed July 18, 2017
   Google Scholar
• FattoreCBoniverCCapovillaGA multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of levetiracetam in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed absence epilepsyEpilepsia201152480280921320119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ConsoliDBoscoDPostorinoPLevetiracetam versus carbamazepine in patients with late poststroke seizures: a multicenter prospective randomized open-label study (EpIC Project)Cerebrovasc Dis201234428228923128439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HakamiTTodaroMPetrovskiSSubstitution monotherapy with levetiracetam vs older antiepileptic drugs: a randomized comparative trialArch Neurol201269121563157122945760
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RosenowFSchade-BrittingerCBurchardiNThe LaLiMo Trial: lamotrigine compared with levetiracetam in the initial 26 weeks of monotherapy for focal and generalised epilepsy – an open-label, prospective, randomised controlled multicenter studyJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry201283111093109822595362
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BorggraefeIBonfertMBastTLevetiracetam vs. sulthiame in benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes in childhood: a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial (German HEAD Study)Eur J Paediatr Neurol201317550751423642492
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UCB Pharma SAOpen-label, randomized, active-controlled study of LEV used as monotherapy in patients with partial-onset seizures Available from: https://ClinicalTrials.gov/show/NCT01954121Accessed July 18, 2017
   Google Scholar
• TrinkaEMarsonAGvan PaesschenWKOMET: an unblinded, randomised, two parallel-group, stratified trial comparing the effectiveness of levetiracetam with controlled-release carbamazepine and extended-release sodium valproate as monotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsyJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry201384101138114722933814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• University of RochesterA safety and feasibility study of enteral LVT vs. standard of care for seizure control in pediatric CM (LVT2) Available from: https://ClinicalTrials.gov/show/NCT01982812Accessed July 18, 2017
   Google Scholar
• RossettiAOJeckelmannSNovyJRothPWellerMStuppRLevetiracetam and pregabalin for antiepileptic monotherapy in patients with primary brain tumors. A Phase II randomized studyNeuro Oncol201416458458824311644
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZaccaraGAlmasMPitmanVKnappLPosnerHEfficacy and safety of pregabalin versus levetiracetam as adjunctive therapy in patients with partial seizures: a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority trialEpilepsia20145571048105724902473
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• InoueYYagiKIkedaAEfficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam as adjunctive therapy in Japanese patients with uncontrolled partial-onset seizuresPsychiatry Clin Neurosci2015691064064825854635
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JungDEYuRYoonJRNeuropsychological effects of levetiracetam and carbamazepine in children with focal epilepsyNeurology201584232312231925948717
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SureshSHChakrabortyAVirupakshaiahAKumarNEfficacy and safety of levetiracetam and carbamazepine as monotherapy in partial seizuresEpilepsy Res Treat20152015416
   Google Scholar
• WerhahnKJTrinkaEDobesbergerJA randomized, double-blind comparison of antiepileptic drug treatment in the elderly with new-onset focal epilepsyEpilepsia201556345045925684224
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HakamiTO’BrienTJPettySJMonotherapy with levetiracetam versus older AEDs: a randomized comparative trial of effects on bone healthCalcif Tissue Int201698655656526842957
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KimJHLeeSKLoeschCComparison of levetiracetam and oxcarbazepine monotherapy among Korean patients with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy: a long-term, randomized, open-label trialEpilepsia2017584e70e7428395124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TackeMGerstlLHeinenFEffect of anticonvulsive treatment on neuropsychological performance in children with BECTSEur J Paediatr Neurol201620687487927553576
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SiniscalchiAScaglioneFSanzaroEEffects of phenobarbital and levetiracetam on PR and QTc intervals in patients with post-stroke seizureClin Drug Investig20143412879886
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BootsmaHPRickerLDiepmanLLong-term effects of levetiracetam and topiramate in clinical practice: a head-to-head comparisonSeizure2008171192617618131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AndersohnFSchadeRWillichSNGarbeEUse of antiepileptic drugs in epilepsy and the risk of self-harm or suicidal behaviorNeurology201075433534020660863
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ArifHBuchsbaumRPierroJComparative effectiveness of 10 antiepileptic drugs in older adults with epilepsyArch Neurol201067440841520385905
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MerrellRTAndersonSKMeyerFBLachanceDHSeizures in patients with glioma treated with phenytoin and levetiracetamJ Neurosurg201011361176118120560728
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RauchenzaunerMBitscheGSvalheimSEffects of levetiracetam and valproic acid monotherapy on sex-steroid hormones in prepubertal children – results from a pilot studyEpilepsy Res2010882–326426820015617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VeibyGDaltveitAKEngelsenBAGilhusNEFetal growth restriction and birth defects with newer and older antiepileptic drugs during pregnancyJ Neurol2014261357958824449062
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• XiaoFAnDDengHChenSRenJZhouDEvaluation of levetiracetam and valproic acid as low-dose monotherapies for children with typical benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS)Seizure201423975676124998415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JavedACohenBDetynieckiKRates and predictors of patient-reported cognitive side effects of antiepileptic drugs: an extended follow-upSeizure201529344026076842
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TinchonAOberndorferSMarosiCHaematological toxicity of valproic acid compared to levetiracetam in patients with glioblastoma multiforme undergoing concomitant radio-chemotherapy: a retrospective cohort studyJ Neurol2015262117918625359262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TomsonTBattinoDBonizzoniEAntiepileptic drugs and intrauterine death: a prospective observational study from EURAPNeurology201585758058826187231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BektaşGTekinUÖzkanMUThe influence of levetiracetam on psychosocial and behavioral functioning in children: a case–control and follow-up studyEpilepsy Behav201772394228575765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChenBChoiHHirschLJPsychiatric and behavioral side effects of antiepileptic drugs in adults with epilepsyEpilepsy Behav201776243128931473
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EgunsolaOChoonaraISammonsHMWhitehouseWPSafety of antiepileptic drugs in children and young people: a prospective cohort studySeizure201856202529427834
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FreyNBodmerMBircherAThe risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in new users of antiepileptic drugsEpilepsia201758122178218529027197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeeTWarrickBJSarangarmPLevetiracetam in toxic seizuresClin Toxicol (Phila)201856317518128753046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaschioMZarablaAMaialettiAQuality of life, mood and seizure control in patients with brain tumor related epilepsy treated with lacosamide as add-on therapy: a prospective explorative study with a historical control groupEpilepsy Behav201773838928623754
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShihFYChuangYCChuangMJEffects of antiepileptic drugs on thyroid hormone function in epilepsy patientsSeizure20174871028364656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• StephenLJWishartABrodieMJPsychiatric side effects and anti-epileptic drugs: observations from prospective auditsEpilepsy Behav201771Pt A737828551500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NewsomeSDXueLYJenningsTCastanedaGYLevetiracetam-induced diffuse interstitial lung diseaseJ Child Neurol200722562863017690072
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GalleraniMMariEBoariBCarlettiRMarraACavalloMPancytopenia associated with levetiracetam treatmentClin Drug Investig20092911747751
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HacquardMRichardSLacourJCLecompteTVespignaniHLevetiracetam-induced platelet dysfunctionEpilepsy Res2009861949619447009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HurwitzKAIngulliEGKrousHFLevetiracetam induced interstitial nephritis and renal failurePediatr Neurol2009411575819520278
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peer MohamedBMohamedBPPrabhakarPThrombocytopenia as an adverse effect of levetiracetam therapy in a childNeuropediatrics200940524324420221962
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TamarelleCPanditFMazaratiARiquetAValléeLAuvinSLevetiracetam-induced depression in a 5-year-old child with partial epilepsySeizure200918323523618848469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• vande GriendJPLinneburSABainbridgeJLProbable levetiracetam-associated depression in the elderly: two case reportsAm J Geriatr Pharmacother20097528128419948304
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BroliMProviniFNaldiIUnexpected gamma glutamyltransferase rise increase during levetiracetam monotherapyEpileptic Disord2010121818220159672
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CaraballoRHCersósimoRde Los SantosCLevetiracetam-induced seizure aggravation associated with continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep in children with refractory epilepsiesEpileptic Disord201012214615020483715
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OghlakianRNockCKoubeissiMA case of levetiracetam-induced thrombocytopeniaEpileptic Disord201012433533721078583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SahayaKGoyalMKSarwalASinghNNLevetiracetam-induced thrombocytopenia among inpatients: a retrospective studyEpilepsia201051122492249521204814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BachmannTBertheussenKHSvalheimSHaematological side effects of antiepileptic drug treatment in patients with epilepsyActa Neurol Scand Suppl20111911912327
   Google Scholar
• GivonLPorterSPadmanabhanBGorenJCohenPALevetiracetam, seizures, and suicidalityHarv Rev Psychiatry2011191475521250896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AlkhotaniAMclachlanRSLevetiracetam induced angioedema in a patient with previous anticonvulsant hypersensitivity reaction to phenytoin and lamotrigineSeizure201221540740822524985
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BabtainFALevetiracetam may worsen myoclonus in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: case reportsClin Neuropharmacol201235420120222805231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop-FreemanSCKornegayNCWineckerREPostmortem levetiracetam (Keppra®) data from North CarolinaJ Anal Toxicol201236642242822635608
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CalabròRSItalianoDMilitiDBramantiPLevetiracetam-associated loss of libido and anhedoniaEpilepsy Behav201224228328422560189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CamachoAEspínJCNuñezNSimónRLevetiracetam-induced reversible autistic regressionPediatr Neurol2012471656722704022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChauKYongJIsmailKGriffithNLiuMMakrisALevetiracetam-induced severe acute granulomatous interstitial nephritisClin Kidney J20125323423626069773
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gómez-ZorrillaSFerrazAVPedrósCLemusMPeñaCLevetiracetam-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndromeAnn Pharmacother2012467–8e2022764327
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• XiongNHouLLuNMohamedAAWangTHuangYProbable levetiracetam-related serum alkaline phosphatase elevationBMC Neurol2012129722994584
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZouLPDingCHSongZJLiXFStevens–Johnson syndrome induced by levetiracetamSeizure2012211082382523036769
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HommetCBeaufilsERoubeauVEncephalopathy induced by levetiracetam in an elderly womanAging Clin Exp Res201325111111323740641
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KaradagASBilgiliSGCalkaOOnderSKosemMBurakgazi-DalkilicEA case of levetiracetam induced bullous pemphigoidCutan Ocul Toxicol201332217617823030621
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KaufmanKRBisenVZimmermanATobiaAManiRWongSApparent dose-dependent levetiracetam-induced de novo major depression with suicidal behaviorEpilepsy Behav Case Rep2013111011225667841
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MetinSZOzmenMOzkaraCOzmenEHypersexuality in a patient with epilepsy during treatment of levetiracetamSeizure201322215115223200413
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SethiNKSethiPKTorgovnickJArsuraECukierwarFAsymptomatic elevation of liver enzymes due to levetiracetam: a case reportDrug Metabol Drug Interact201328212312423420283
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AkiyamaHHagaYSasakiNYanagisawaTHasegawaYA case of rhabdomyolysis in which levetiracetam was suspected as the causeEpilepsy Behav Case Rep2014215215525667895
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AksoyDCevikBKurtSPekdasESolmazVHypokalemia and hypomagnesaemia related to levetiracetam useJ Clin Neurosci201421111989199024906211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AzarNJAunePAcute pancreatitis and elevated liver transaminases after rapid titration of oral levetiracetamJ Clin Neurosci20142161053105424291473
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BuiMBasletGWeisholtzDMcelrathTLevetiracetam-induced psychosis in a pregnant woman with prior substance abuseHarv Rev Psychiatry201422319320024802726
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HwangESSiemianowskiLASenSPatelRLevetiracetam: an unusual cause of deliriumAm J Ther2014216e225e22823782757
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IsaacsonJEChoeDJDohertyMJCreatine phosphokinase elevation exacerbated by levetiracetam therapyEpilepsy Behav Case Rep2014218919125667904
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KokluEArigulogluEAKokluSLevetiracetam-induced anaphylaxis in a neonatePediatr Neurol201450219219424262344
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KumarNSwaroopHSChakrabortyAChandranSLevetiracetam induced acute reversible psychosis in a patient with uncontrolled seizuresIndian J Pharmacol201446556056125298593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ParkEMHolmesJAReeder-HayesKEAcute mania associated with levetiracetam treatmentPsychosomatics20145519810023932538
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SpenglerDCMontourisGDHohlerADLevetiracetam as a possible contributor to acute kidney injuryClin Ther201436813031306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZakiSAGuptaSLevetiracetam-induced acute psychosis in a childIndian J Pharmacol201446334134224987186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZouXHongZZhouDHair loss with levetiracetam in five patients with epilepsySeizure201423215816024315496
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ArıHKahramanFAcabanMBThe first case of levetiracetam-induced and tolvaptan-resistant hyponatremiaTurk Kardiyol Dern Ars201543328428725906002
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• EleniKDress syndrome induced by levetiracetamJ Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol201529237737824397826
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FlanneryAHWilleyMDThompson BastinMLBuchKPBensadounESEosinophilia and fever with levetiracetam: a case reportPharmacotherapy2015358e131e13526235978
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FujikawaMKishimotoYKakisakaYObsessive–compulsive behavior induced by levetiracetamJ Child Neurol201530794294425008911
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GenclerOSGenclerBAltunelCTArslanNLevetiracetam induced psoriasiform drug eruption: a rare case reportSaudi Pharm J201523672072226702269
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KawakamiYOkazakiTTakaseMFujinoOItohYA girl with idiopathic epilepsy showing forced normalization after levetiracetam administrationJ Nippon Med Sch201582525025326568392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MakkeYHmaimessGNasreddineWFawazABeydounAParadoxical exacerbation of myoclonic-astatic seizures by levetiracetam in myoclonic astatic epilepsyBMC Pediatr201515625884503
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MolokwuOAEzeala-AdikaibeBAOnwuekweIOLevetiracetam-induced rage and suicidality: two case reports and review of literatureEpilepsy Behav Case Rep20154798126543810
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• PeyrlAWeichertNKühlJSEbellWHernáiz DrieverPLevetiracetam as a possible cause of secondary graft failure after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationEur J Paediatr Neurol2015191757725468262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taberner BonastreMTPeralta MuñozSBozaFMGumàIPadróJNeutropenia secondary to exposure to levetiracetamTumori20151015145146
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BayramAKCanpolatMÇınarSLDrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome induced by levetiracetam in a pediatric patientJ Emerg Med2016502e61e6626597350
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DarWRSofiNLatiefMDarIAKasanaBALevetiracetam induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptom syndromeIndian J Dermatol2016612235
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García CarreteroRRomero BrugeraMOlid-VelillaMSalamanca-RamirezIPancytopenia associated with levetiracetam in an epileptic womanBMJ Case Rep20162016bcr2016217407
   Google Scholar
• JonesRTEvansWMersfelderTLKavanaughKRare red rashes: a case report of levetiracetam-induced cutaneous reaction and review of the literatureAm J Ther2016233e944e94625259954
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JuJZouLPShiXYHuLYPangLYLevetiracetam: probably associated diurnal frequent urinationAm J Ther2016232e624e62726938751
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TuratiMGlardYAfonsoDGriffetJBigoniMOsteochondral alteration in a child treated with levetiracetam: a rare case of juvenile osteochondritis dissecans of the talar headJ Pediatr Orthop B201726218919227341121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KubotaKYamamotoTKawamotoMLevetiracetam-induced rhabdomyolysis: a case report and literature reviewNeurol Asia201722275278
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OzdemirHSumerSKarabagliHB cell aplasia and hypogammaglobulinemia associated with levetiracetamAnn Saudi Med2018381545548
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SereflicanBKarapinarTDuzcuSETurkogluŞADisseminated eruptive granuloma annulare induced by levetiracetamCutan Ocul Toxicol201736330030128095713
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeghiEAtzeniLGarattiniLEconomic analysis of newer antiepileptic drugsCNS Drugs2008221086187518788837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SuhGHLeeSKEconomic evaluation of add-on levetiracetam for the treatment of refractory partial epilepsy in KoreaPsychiatry Investig200963185193
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TomsonTBattinoDBonizzoniEComparative risk of major congenital malformations with eight different antiepileptic drugs: a prospective cohort study of the EURAP registryLancet Neurol201817653053829680205
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KimJKondratyevAGaleKAntiepileptic drug-induced neuronal cell death in the immature brain: effects of carbamazepine, topiramate, and levetiracetam as monotherapy versus polytherapyJ Pharmacol Exp Ther2007323116517317636003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CumboELigoriLDLevetiracetam, lamotrigine, and phenobarbital in patients with epileptic seizures and Alzheimer’s diseaseEpilepsy Behav201017446146620188634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChanRWeiCYChenYTBenetLZUse of the Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) to help predict the occurrence of idiosyncratic cutaneous adverse drug reactions associated with antiepileptic drug usageAAPS J201618375776626951484
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FongJKChanELLeungHAn update of the Hong Kong Epilepsy Guideline: consensus statement on the use of antiepileptic drugs in Hong KongHong Kong Med J2017231748828184017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WijnenBFMvan MastrigtGEversSA systematic review of economic evaluations of treatments for patients with epilepsyEpilepsia201758570672628098939
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KazerooniRBounthavongMCost-effectiveness analysis of intravenous levetiracetam versus intravenous phenytoin for early onset seizure prophylaxis after neurosurgery and traumatic brain injuryClinicoecon Outcomes Res20102152321935311
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LyttleMDGambleCMessahelSEmergency treatment with levetiracetam or phenytoin in status epilepticus in children – the EcLiPSE study: study protocol for a randomised controlled trialTrials201718128328629473
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BährOHermissonMRonaSIntravenous and oral levetiracetam in patients with a suspected primary brain tumor and symptomatic seizures undergoing neurosurgery: the HELLO trialActa Neurochir (Wien)2012154222923521909835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KellinghausCStögbauerFTreatment of status epilepticus in a large community hospitalEpilepsy Behav201223323524022341964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar