The Relationship Between Negative Life Events and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Chinese Adolescents: A Moderated-Mediation Model

References

• Claes L, Islam MA, Fagundo AB, et al. The relationship between non-suicidal self-injury and the UPPS-P impulsivity facets in eating disorders and healthy controls. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0126083. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0126083
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Claes L, Vandereycken W. The Self-Injury Questionnaire—Treatment Related (SIQ-TR): Construction, Reliability, and Validity in a Sample of Female Eating Disorder Patients. Nova Science; 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Brown RC, Plener PL. Non-suicidal self-injury in adolescence. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017;19(3):20. doi:10.1007/s11920-017-0767-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plener PL, Libal G, Keller F, Fegert JM, Muehlenkamp JJ. An international comparison of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts: Germany and the USA. Psychol Med. 2009;39(9):1549–1558. doi:10.1017/s0033291708005114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobson CM, Gould M. The epidemiology and phenomenology of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior among adolescents: a critical review of the literature. Arch Suicide Res. 2007;11(2):129–147. doi:10.1080/13811110701247602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plener PL, Schumacher TS, Munz LM, Groschwitz RC. The longitudinal course of non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm: a systematic review of the literature. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul. 2015;2:2. doi:10.1186/s40479-014-0024-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swannell SV, Martin GE, Page A, Hasking P, St John NJ. Prevalence of nonsuicidal self-injury in nonclinical samples: systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2014;44(3):273–303. doi:10.1111/sltb.12070
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muehlenkamp JJ, Claes L, Havertape L, Plener PL. International prevalence of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2012;6(1):1–9. doi:10.1186/1753-2000-6-10
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lang J, Yao Y. Prevalence of nonsuicidal self-injury in Chinese middle school and high school students: a meta-analysis. Medicine. 2018;97(42):e12916. doi:10.1097/md.0000000000012916
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan YY, Liu J, Zeng YY, Conrad R, Tang YL. Factors associated with non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese adolescents: a meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:747031. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.747031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang F, Jiang L, Miao J, et al. The association between non-suicidal self-injury and negative life events in children and adolescents in underdeveloped regions of south-western China. PeerJ. 2022;10:e12665. doi:10.7717/peerj.12665
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xin M, Yang X, Liu K, Naz Boke B, Bastien L. Impact of negative life events and social support on nonsuicidal self-injury among Chinese middle school students. Am J Mens Health. 2020;14(4):1557988320937124. doi:10.1177/1557988320937124
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nock MK. Self-injury. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2010;6:339–363. doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerutti R, Manca M, Presaghi F, Gratz KL. Prevalence and clinical correlates of deliberate self-harm among a community sample of Italian adolescents. J Adolesc. 2011;34(2):337–347. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2010.04.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hankin BL, Abela JR. Nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescence: prospective rates and risk factors in a 2½ year longitudinal study. Psychiatry Res. 2011;186(1):65–70. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu RT, Frazier EA, Cataldo AM, Simon VA, Spirito A, Prinstein MJ. Negative life events and non-suicidal self-injury in an adolescent inpatient sample. Arch Suicide Res. 2014;18(3):251–258. doi:10.1080/13811118.2013.824835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Chen A, Ni H. The relationship between cybervictimization and non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese adolescents: a moderated-mediation model. Front Psychol. 2020;11:572100. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.572100
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu J, Chen Y, Su B, Zhang W. Anxiety symptoms mediates the influence of cybervictimization on adolescent non-suicidal self-injury: the moderating effect of self-control. J Affect Disord. 2021;285:144–151. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agnew R. Foundation for a general strain theory of crime and delinquency. Criminology. 1992;30(1):47–88. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01093.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman AL, Gratz KL, Brown MZ. Solving the puzzle of deliberate self-harm: the experiential avoidance model. Behav Res Ther. 2006;44(3):371–394. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.03.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klonsky ED, Klonsky ED. The functions of deliberate self-injury: a review of the evidence. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007;27(2):226–239. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2006.08.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özdemir Y, Kuzucu Y, Ak Ş. Depression, loneliness and Internet addiction: how important is low self-control? Comput Human Behav. 2014;34:284–290. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.02.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson K, Brocklesby M, Garisch JA, et al. Socioeconomic deprivation and non-suicidal selfinjury in New Zealand adolescents: the mediating role of depression and anxiety. N Z J Psychol. 2017;46(3):126–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen S, Wills TA. Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychol Bull. 1985;98(2):310–357. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu H, Song X, Wang S, Zhang S, Xu S, Wan Y. Mediating effect of social support in the relationship between childhood abuse and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese undergraduates: the role of only-child status. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20). doi:10.3390/ijerph16204023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christoffersen MN, Møhl B, DePanfilis D, Vammen KS. Non-suicidal self-injury--does social support make a difference? An epidemiological investigation of a Danish national sample. Child Abuse Negl. 2015;44:106–116. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.10.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu K, Yang X, Xin M. Impact of violent experiences and social support on R-NSSI behavior among middle school students in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(7). doi:10.3390/ijerph18073347
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adrian M, Zeman J, Erdley C, Lisa L, Sim L. Emotional dysregulation and interpersonal difficulties as risk factors for nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescent girls. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2011;39(3):389–400. doi:10.1007/s10802-010-9465-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi M, Zhou SJ, Guo ZC, et al. The effect of social support on mental health in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. J Adolesc Health. 2020;67(4):514–518. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.07.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Votta EA. Impact of Coping Style, Negative Life-Events, Self-Esteem, and Social Support on the Psychological Adjustment of Homeless Adolescent Males. Carleton University; 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Liu X, Liu L, Yang J, et al. Development and reliability validity testing of the juvenile life events scale. Shandong Psych Med. 1997;1:15–19. Chinese.
   Google Scholar
• Liang Y, Wang L, Zhu J. Factor structure and psychometric properties of Chinese version of beck anxiety inventory in Chinese doctors. J Health Psychol. 2018;23(5):657–666. doi:10.1177/1359105316658971
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ke Y, Ng T, Yeo HL, Shwe M, Gan YX, Chan A. Psychometric properties and measurement equivalence of the English and Chinese versions of the beck anxiety inventory in patients with breast cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2017;25(2):633–643. doi:10.1007/s00520-016-3452-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56(6):893–897. doi:10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.893
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye Y, Dai, X. Development of social support scale for university students. Chin J Clin Psychol. 2006;16:456–458.
   Google Scholar
• Wan Y, Liu W, Hao J, Tao F. Development and evaluation on reliability and validity of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury assessment questionnaire. Chin J Sch Health. 2018;39:170–173.
   Google Scholar
• Hayes AF. Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. Guilford publications; 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Hayes AF, Scharkow M. The relative trustworthiness of inferential tests of the indirect effect in statistical mediation analysis: does method really matter? Psychol Sci. 2013;24(10):1918–1927. doi:10.1177/0956797613480187
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrocas AL, Giletta M, Hankin BL, Prinstein MJ, Abela JR. Nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescence: longitudinal course, trajectories, and intrapersonal predictors. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2015;43(2):369–380. doi:10.1007/s10802-014-9895-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bronfenbrenner U. The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and Design. Harvard university press; 1979.
   Google Scholar
• Anisman H, Zaharia MD, Meaney MJ, Merali Z. Do early-life events permanently alter behavioral and hormonal responses to stressors? Int J Dev Neurosci. 1998;16(3–4):149–164. doi:10.1016/s0736-5748(98)00025-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang J, Hao QH, Tu Y, et al. The relationship between negative life events and internet addiction disorder among adolescents and college students in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:799128. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.799128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu C, Xie Q, Lin S, et al. Cyberbullying victimization and non-suicidal self-injurious behavior among Chinese adolescents: school engagement as a mediator and sensation seeking as a moderator. Front Psychol. 2020;11:572521. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.572521
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu Z, Yu H, Zou J, Zhang Y, Lu Z, Hu M. Relationship among self-injury, experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, anxiety, and depression in Chinese adolescent patients with nonsuicidal self-injury. Brain Behav. 2021;11(12):e2419. doi:10.1002/brb3.2419
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nock MK, Mendes WB. Physiological arousal, distress tolerance, and social problem-solving deficits among adolescent self-injurers. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2008;76(1):28–38. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.76.1.28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerry JD, Prinstein MJ. Longitudinal prediction of adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury: examination of a cognitive vulnerability-stress model. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2010;39(1):77–89. doi:10.1080/15374410903401195
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehra LM, Hajcak G, Meyer A. The relationship between stressful life events and the error-related negativity in children and adolescents. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2022;55:101110. doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101110
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupien SJ, McEwen BS, Gunnar MR, Heim C. Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2009;10(6):434–445. doi:10.1038/nrn2639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pariante CM, Lightman SL. The HPA axis in major depression: classical theories and new developments. Trends Neurosci. 2008;31(9):464–468. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2008.06.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klimes-Dougan B, Begnel E, Almy B, Thai M, Schreiner MW, Cullen KR. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation in depressed adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2019;102:216–224. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.11.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin N, Simeone RS, Ensel WM, Kuo W. Social support, stressful life events, and illness: a model and an empirical test. J Health Soc Behav. 1979;20(2):108–119. doi:10.2307/2136433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cobb S. Presidential Address-1976. Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosom Med. 1976;38(5):300–314. doi:10.1097/00006842-197609000-00003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bi S, Stevens G, Maes M, et al. Perceived social support from different sources and adolescent life satisfaction across 42 countries/regions: the moderating role of national-level generalized trust. J Youth Adolesc. 2021;50(7):1384–1409. doi:10.1007/s10964-021-01441-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rueger SY, Malecki CK, Pyun Y, Aycock C, Coyle S. A meta-analytic review of the association between perceived social support and depression in childhood and adolescence. Psychol Bull. 2016;142(10):1017–1067. doi:10.1037/bul0000058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavanaugh AM, Buehler C. Adolescent loneliness and social anxiety: the role of multiple sources of support. J Soc Pers Relat. 2016;33(2):149–170. doi:10.1177/0265407514567837
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chi X, Jiang W, Guo T, Hall DL, Luberto CM, Zou L. Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents: the role of self-compassion and social support. Curr Psychol. 2022;1–13. doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02534-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmerman MA. Resiliency theory: a strengths-based approach to research and practice for adolescent health. Health Educ Behav. 2013;40(4):381–383. doi:10.1177/1090198113493782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutter M. Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1987;57(3):316–331. doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1987.tb03541.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aune T, Juul EML, Beidel DC, Nordahl HM, Dvorak RD. Mitigating adolescent social anxiety symptoms: the effects of social support and social self-efficacy in findings from the Young-HUNT 3 study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2021;30(3):441–449. doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01529-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walter HJ, Bukstein OG, Abright AR, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020;59(10):1107–1124. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2020.05.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar