Bilateral Theta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) Modulates EEG Activity: When tACS Works Awake It Also Works Asleep

References

• Annarumma L, D’Atri A, Alfonsi V, De Gennaro L. The efficacy of transcranial current stimulation techniques to modulate resting-state EEG, to affect vigilance and to promote sleepiness. Brain Sci. 2018;8(7). doi:10.3390/brainsci8070137
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massimini M, Ferrarelli F, Esser SK, et al. Triggering sleep slow waves by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007;104(20):8496–8501. doi:10.1073/pnas.070249510417483481
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall L, Helgadóttir H, Mölle M, Born J. Boosting slow oscillations during sleep potentiates memory. Nature. 2006;444(7119):610–613. doi:10.1038/nature0527817086200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krone L, Frase L, Piosczyk H, et al. Top-down control of arousal and sleep: fundamentals and clinical implications. Sleep Med Rev. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2015.12.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Assenza G, Pellegrino G, Tombini M, Di Pino G, Di Lazzaro V. Wakefulness delta waves increase after cortical plasticity induction. Clin Neurophysiol. 2015;126(6):1221–1227. doi:doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2014.09.02925631611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mensen A, Gorban C, Niklaus M, Kuske E, Khatami R. The effects of theta-burst stimulation on sleep and vigilance in humans. Front Hum Neurosci. 2014;8(June):1–10. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.0042024474914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frase L, Piosczyk H, Zittel S, et al. Modulation of total sleep time by Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS). Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016;(April):1–10. doi:10.1038/npp.2016.6526657948
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirov R, Weiss C, Siebner HR, Born J, Marshall L. Slow oscillation electrical brain stimulation during waking promotes EEG theta activity and memory encoding. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2009;106(36):15460–15465. doi:doi:10.1073/pnas.090443810619706399
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergmann TO, Groppa S, Seeger M, Molle M, Marshall L, Siebner HR. Acute changes in motor cortical excitability during slow oscillatory and constant anodal transcranial direct current stimulation. J Neurophysiol. 2009;102(4):2303–2311. doi:10.1152/jn.00437.2009 doi:00437.2009 [pii].19692511
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Atri A, De Simoni E, Gorgoni M, et al. Electrical stimulation of the frontal cortex enhances slow-frequency EEG activity and sleepiness. Neuroscience. 2016;324:119–130. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.00726964682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Atri A, Romano C, Gorgoni M, et al. Bilateral 5 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation on fronto-temporal areas modulates resting-state EEG. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):15672. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16003-229142322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Gennaro L, Ferrara M, Bertini M. The boundary between wakefulness and sleep: quantitative electroencephalographic changes during the sleep onset period. Neuroscience. 2001;107(1):1–11. doi:10.1016/S0306-4522(01)00309-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaida K, Takahashi M, Åkerstedt T, et al. Validation of the Karolinska sleepiness scale against performance and EEG variables. Clin Neurophysiol. 2006;117(7):1574–1581. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2006.03.01116679057
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rechtschaffen A, Kales A. A manual of standardized techniques and scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects. Washington, DC US Gov Print Off. 1968;NIH Public:12. doi:10.1016/0013-4694(69)90021-2
   Google Scholar
• Sankoh AJ, Huque MF, Dubey SD. Some comments on frequently used multiple endpoint adjustment methods in clinical trials. Stat Med. 1997;16(22):2529–2542. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19971130)16:22<2529::aid-sim692>3.0.CO;2-J9403954
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perneger TV. What’s wrong with Bonferroni adjustments. BMJ. 1998;316(7139):1236 LP- 1238. doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7139.12369553006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scarpelli S, D’Atri A, Mangiaruga A, et al. Predicting dream recall: EEG activation during NREM sleep or shared mechanisms with wakefulness? Brain Topogr. 2017;30(5):629–638. doi:10.1007/s10548-017-0563-128434101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aeschbach D, Borbély AA. All-night dynamics of the human sleep EEG. J Sleep Res. 1993;2(2):70–81. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.1993.tb00065.x10607074
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marzano C, Moroni F, Gorgoni M, Nobili L, Ferrara M, De Gennaro L. How we fall asleep: regional and temporal differences in electroencephalographic synchronization at sleep onset. Sleep Med. 2013;14(11):1112–1122. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2013.05.02124051119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Gennaro L, Ferrara M, Vecchio F, Curcio G, Bertini M. An electroencephalographic fingerprint of human sleep. Neuroimage. 2005;26(1). doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.01.020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Gennaro L, Marzano C, Veniero D, et al. Neurophysiological correlates of sleepiness: a combined TMS and EEG study. Neuroimage. 2007;36(4). doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.04.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorgoni M, Ferlazzo F, Ferrara M, et al. Topographic electroencephalogram changes associated with psychomotor vigilance task performance after sleep deprivation. Sleep Med. 2014;15(9):1132–1139. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2014.04.02225087194
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finelli LA, Baumann H, Borbély AA, Achermann P. Dual electroencephalogram markers of human sleep homeostasis: correlation between theta activity in waking and slow-wave activity in sleep. Neuroscience. 2000;101(3):523–529. doi:10.1016/S0306-4522(00)00409-711113301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tkachenko O, Dinges DF. Interindividual variability in neurobehavioral response to sleep loss: a comprehensive review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018;89:29–48. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.01729563066
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Dongen HPA, Vitellaro KM, Dinges DF. Individual differences in adult human sleep and wakefulness: leitmotif for a research agenda. Sleep. 2005;28(4):479–498. doi:10.1093/sleep/28.4.47916171293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watts DJ, Strogatz SH. Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks. Nature. 1998;393(6684):440–442. doi:10.1038/309189623998
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vecchio F, Miraglia F, Gorgoni M, et al. Cortical connectivity modulation during sleep onset: a study via graph theory on EEG data. Hum Brain Mapp. 2017;38(11):5456–5464. doi:10.1002/hbm.2373628744955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar