Mind, Body and Machine: Preliminary Study to Explore Predictors of Treatment Response After a Sleep Robot Intervention for Adults with Insomnia

References

• Grandner MA. Epidemiology of insufficient sleep and poor sleep quality. In: Grandner MA, editor. Sleep and Health. London: Academic Press; 2019:11–20.
   Google Scholar
• Wittchen HU, Rehm FJJ, Gustavsson A, et al. The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011;21(9):655–679. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.07.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Riemann D, Baglioni C, Bassetti C, et al. European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. J Sleep Res. 2017;26(6):675–700. doi:10.1111/jsr.12594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson NF, Lawlor C, Raymann RJEM. Will consumer sleep technologies change the way we practice sleep medicine? JCSM. 2019;15(1):159–161. doi:10.5664/jcsm.7596
   Google Scholar
• Aebischer G, Rieder PA. Awaking insomnia: sleepless in the 19th century through medical literature. Med Humanit. 2020;46:340–347. doi:10.1136/medhum-2019-011683
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benjamins JS, Migliorati F, Dekker K, et al. Insomnia heterogeneity: characteristics to consider for data-driven multivariate subtyping. Sleep Med Rev. 2017;36:71–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanken TF, Benjamins JS, Borsboom D, et al. Insomnia disorder subtypes derived from life history and traits of affect and personality. Lancet Psychiatry. 2019;6:151–163. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30464-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vgontzas AN, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Liao D, et al. Insomnia with objective short sleep duration: the most biologically severe phenotype of the disorder. Sleep Med Rev. 2013;17(4):241–254. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2012.09.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson EO, Roth T, Breslau N. The association of insomnia with anxiety disorders and depression: exploration of the direction of risk. J Psychiatr Res. 2006;40:700–708. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.07.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson SJ, Nutt DJ, Alford C, et al. British Association for Psychopharmacology consensus statement on evidence-based treatment of insomnia, parasomnias and circadian rhythm disorders. J Psychopharmacol. 2010;24(11):1577–1601. doi:10.1177/0269881110379307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohayon MM. Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn. Sleep Med Rev. 2002;6:97–111. doi:10.1053/smrv.2002.0186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang B, Wing YK. Sex differences in insomnia: a meta-analysis. Sleep. 2006;29:85–93. doi:10.1093/sleep/29.1.85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor DJ, Lichstein KL, Durrence HH, et al. Epidemiology of insomnia, depression and anxiety. Sleep. 2005;28:1457–1464. doi:10.1093/sleep/28.11.1457
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espie CA, Inglis SJ, Harvey L. Predicting clinically significant response to cognitive behavior therapy for chronic insomnia in general medical practice: analysis of outcome data at 12 months posttreatment. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2001;69:58–66. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.69.1.58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gagné A, Morin CM. Predicting treatment response in older adults with insomnia. J Clin Geropsychol. 2001;7:131–143. doi:10.1023/A:1009537722740
   Google Scholar
• Morin CM, Culbert JP, Schwartz SM. Nonpharmacological interventions for insomnia: a meta-analysis of treatment efficacy. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151:1172–1180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan K, Thompson J, Dixon S, et al. Predicting longer-term outcomes following psychological treatment for hypnotic-dependent chronic insomnia. J Psychosom Res. 2003;54(1):21–29. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00569-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells G, Li T, Maxwell L, et al. Responsiveness of patient reported outcomes including fatigue, sleep quality, activity limitation, and quality of life following treatment with Abatacept for rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67(2):260–265. doi:10.1136/ard.2007.069690
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramlee F, Sanborn AN, Tang NKY. What sways people´s judgment of sleep quality? A quantitative choice-making study with good and poor sleepers. Sleep. 2017;40(7):1–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khosla S, Deak MC, Gault D, et al. Consumer sleep technology: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine position statement. JCSM. 2018;14(5):877–880. doi:10.5664/jcsm.7128
   Google Scholar
• Støre SJ, Beckman L, Jakobsson N. The effect of robot interventions on sleep in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JCSM. 2022;18(7):1877–1884. doi:10.5664/jcsm.10022
   Google Scholar
• Somnox. Breathe, relax, sleep. Available from: https://somnox.com. Accessed April 18, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Stetter F, Kupper S. Autogenic training: a meta-analysis of clinical outcome studies. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2002;27(1):45–98. doi:10.1023/A:1014576505223
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manzoni GM, Pagnini F, Castelnuovo G, et al. Relaxation training for anxiety: a ten-years systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry. 2008;8(41):1–12. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-8-41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buysse DJ. Chronic insomnia. Am J Psychiatry. 2008;165(6):678–686. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08010129
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung JMY, Jarrin DC, Ballot O, et al. A systematic review of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia implemented in primary care and community settings. Sleep Med Rev. 2018;44:23–36. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2018.11.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riemann D, Spiegelhalder K, Feige B, et al. The hyperarousal model of insomnia: a review of the concept and its evidence. Sleep Med Rev. 2010;14(1):19–31. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2009.04.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spielman A, Caruso L, Glovinsky P. A behavioral perspective on insomnia treatment. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1987;10:541–553. doi:10.1016/S0193-953X(18)30532-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey AG, Tang NKY, Browning L. Cognitive approaches to insomnia. Clin Psychol Rev. 2005;25:593–611. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Støre SJ, Tillfors M, Wästlund E, et al. The effects of a sleep robot intervention on sleep, depression and anxiety in adults with insomnia – a randomized waitlist-controlled trial. J Sleep Res. 2022;2022:1–11.
   Google Scholar
• Støre SJ, Tillfors M, Wästlund E, Angelhoff C, Clarke AN. Technically sleeping? A clinical single-case study of a commercial sleep robot. Front Psychol. 2022;13(919023):1–11. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.919023
   Google Scholar
• Bastien CH, Vallières A, Morin CM. Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med. 2001;2(4):297–307. doi:10.1016/S1389-9457(00)00065-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicassio PM, Mendlowitz DR, Fussell JJ, et al. The phenomenology of the pre-sleep state: the development of the pre-sleep arousal scale. Behav Res and Ther. 1985;23(3):263–271. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(85)90004-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carney CE, Ulmer C, Edinger JD, et al. Assessing depression symptoms in those with insomnia: an examination of the beck depression inventory second edition (BDI-II). J Psychiatr Res. 2009;43(5):576–582. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.09.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. JCP. 1998;59(Suppl 20):22–33.
   Google Scholar
• Carney CE, Buysse DJ, Ancoli-Israel S, et al. The consensus sleep diary: standardizing prospective sleep self-monitoring. Sleep. 2012;35(2):287–302. doi:10.5665/sleep.1642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ActiGraph GT9X Link. ActiGraph GT9X Link. Available from: http://actigraphcorp.com/actigraph-link/. Accessed April 18, 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Vlaescu G, Alasjö A, Miloff A, et al. Features and functionality of the Iterapi platform for internet-based psychological treatment. Internet Interv. 2016;6:107–114. doi:10.1016/j.invent.2016.09.006
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morin CM, Belleville G, Bélanger L, et al. The insomnia severity index: psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response. Sleep. 2011;34(5):601–608. doi:10.1093/sleep/34.5.601
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jansson-Fröjmark M, Norell-Clarke A. Psychometric properties of the pre-sleep arousal scale in a large community sample. J Psychosom Res. 2012;72(2):103–110. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2011.10.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6):361–370. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puhan MA, Frey M, Büchi S, et al. The minimal important difference of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2008;6(46):1–6. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-6-46
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Støre SJ, Tillfors M, Wästlund E, et al. The effects of a sleep robot intervention on sleep, depression and anxiety in adults with insomnia – study protocol of a randomized waitlist-controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2021;110:106588. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2021.106588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bothelius K, Kyhle K, Broman J-E, et al. Initial sleep time predicts success in manual-guided cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. Behav Sleep Med. 2016;14(4):378–388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tramonti F, Maestri M, Gronchi A, et al. Psychological well-being of patients with insomnia and its relationship with anxiety and depression. Psychol Health Med. 2015;21(3):309–316. doi:10.1080/13548506.2015.1069856
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, et al. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index – a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28:193–213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey AG, Stinson K, Whitaker KL, et al. The subjective meaning of sleep quality: a comparison of individuals with and without insomnia. Sleep. 2008;31(3):383–393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar