Wilderness medicine at high altitude: recent developments in the field

References

• ShahNMWindsorJSMeijerJHillebrandtDAre UK commercial expeditions complying with wilderness medical society guidelines on ascent rates to altitude?J Travel Med201118321421621539665
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MontgomeryABMillsJLuceJMIncidence of acute mountain sickness at intermediate altitudeJAMA198926157327342911169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChatreBLanzingerGMacalusoMThe Alps: People and Pressures in the Mountains, the Facts at a GlanceInnsbruckPermanent Secretariat of the Alpine Convention2010
   Google Scholar
• WestJBSchoeneRBLuksAMMilledgeJSHigh Altitude Medicine and Physiology5th edLondonCRC Press2013
   Google Scholar
• GrocottMPMartinDSLevettDZArterial blood gases and oxygen content in climbers on Mount EverestN Engl J Med2009360214014919129527
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HodkinsonPDAcute exposure to altitudeJ R Army Med Corps20111571859121465917
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KarinenHPeltonenJTikkanenHPrevalence of acute mountain sickness among Finnish trekkers on Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania: an observational studyHigh Alt Med Biol20089430130619115914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JacksonSJVarleyJSellersCIncidence and predictors of acute mountain sickness among trekkers on Mount KilimanjaroHigh Alt Med Biol201011321722220919888
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RoachRCBartschPHackettPHOelzOThe Lake Louise acute mountain sickness scoring systemSuttonJRHoustonCSCoatesGHypoxia and Molecular MedicineBurlington, VTQueens City Printers1993265271
   Google Scholar
• HallDPMacCormickIJCPhythian-AdamsAT2 Network analysis reveals distinct clinical syndromes underlying acute mountain sicknessPLoS One201491e8122924465370
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HackettPHRoachRCHigh altitude illnessN Engl J Med2001345210711411450659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BartschPMairbauriHMaggioriniMSwensonERPhysiological aspects of high-altitude pulmonary edemaJ Appl Physiol (1985)20059831101111015703168
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilsonMHNewmanSImrayCHThe cerebral effects of ascent to high altitudesLancet Neurol20098217519119161909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LawleyJSAlperinNBagciAMLeeSHMullinsPGOliverSJNormobaric hypoxia and symptoms of acute mountain sickness: elevated brain volume and intracranial hypertensionAnn Neurol201475689089824788400
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JohnsonCAndersonSRDallimoreJWinserSWarrellDAOxford Handbook of Expedition and Wilderness MedicineLondonOxford University Press2008
   Google Scholar
• LuksAMMcIntoshSEGrissonCKAuerbachPSRodwayGWSchoeneRBWilderness medical society practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute altitude illness: 2014 updateWilderness Environ Med2014254 SupplS4S1425498261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PattendenHAShahNMHillebrandtDRodgerMWindsorJWDo British commercial mountaineering expeditions carry drugs to treat high altitude illnesses?J Travel Med201219425025222776387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BurtscherMWilleMMenzVFaulhaberMGattererHSymptom progression in acute mountain sickness during a 12-hour exposure to normobaric hypoxia equivalent to 4500-mHigh Alt Med Biol201415444645125341048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivan LopezJHoldridgeAMendizabalJEAltitude headacheCurr Pain Headache Rep2013171238324173612
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AlizadehRZiaeeVAghsaeifardZMehrabiFAhmadinejadTCharacteristics of headache at altitude among trekkers; a comparison between acute mountain sickness and non-acute mountain sickness headacheAsian J Sports Med20123212613022942999
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BianS-ZJinJLiO-NCerebral hemodynamic characteristics of acute mountain sickness upon acute high-altitude exposure at 3,700 m in young Chinese menEur J Appl Physiol2014114102193220024996805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RoachRKayserBHackettPPro: headache should be a required symptom for the diagnosis of acute mountain sicknessHigh Alt Med Biol2011121212221452960
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WestJBCon: headache should not be a required symptom for the diagnosis of acute mountain sicknessHigh Alt Med Biol2011121232521452961
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KarleFJAuerbachPSMigraine headache confounding the diagnosis of acute mountain sicknessWilderness Environ Med2014251606824462763
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacInnisMJLantingSCRupertJLKoehleMSIs poor sleep quality at high altitude separate from acute mountain sickness? Factor structure and internal consistency of the Lake Louise Score QuestionnaireHigh Alt Med Biol201314433433724377339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaiselAB-type natriuretic peptide levels: diagnostic and prognostic in congestive heart failure: what’s next?Circulation2002105202328233112021215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GattererHWilleMFaulhaberMAssociation between body water status and acute mountain sicknessPLoS One201388e7318524013267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WoodsDRBegleyJStaceyMSevere acute mountain sickness, brain natriuretic peptide and NT-proBNP in humansActa Physiol20122053349355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WoodsDRMellorABegleyJBrain natriuretic peptide and NT-proBNP levels reflect pulmonary artery systolic pressure in trekkers at high altitudePhysiol Res201362659760323869896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MellorABoosCHoldsworthDCardiac biomarkers at high altitudeHigh Alt Med Biol201415445245825330333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BoosCJHoldsworthDAWoodsDRGreenKNaylorJMellorACardiac biomarkers and high altitude pulmonary edemaInt J Cardiol20131673e65e6623632120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GaoMWangRJiayongZLiuYSunGNT-ProBNP levels are moderately increased in acute high-altitude pulmonary edemaExp Ther Med2013551434143823737894
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TannheimerMHornungKGascheMDecrease of asymmetric dimethylarginine predicts acute mountain sicknessJ Trav Med2012196338343
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MellorABoosCStaceyMNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: its response to hypoxia and association with acute mountain sicknessDis Markers201335553754224227892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TannheimerMBiggelKEngelhardtMBeneschSSchmidtRQuantifying altitude related oxidative stress by carbonyl proteinsMed Sportiva20121627072
   Google Scholar
• JulianCGSubudhiAWHillRCExploratory proteomic analysis of hypobaric hypoxia and acute mountain sickness in humansJ Appl Physiol2014116793794424265281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AhmadYSharmaNKAhmadMFSharmaMGargIBhargavaKProteomic identification of novel differentiation plasma protein markers in hypobaric hypoxia-induced rat modelPLoS One201495e9802724842778
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeafDEGoldfarbDSMechanisms of action of acetazolamide in the prophylaxis and treatment of acute mountain sicknessJ Appl Physiol (1985)200710241313132217023566
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeshwalRIqbalMBasnetSNifedipine for the treatment of high altitude pulmonary edemaWilderness Environ Med201223171022441082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez del RioMMoskowitzMAHigh altitude headache. Lessons from headaches at sea levelAdv Exp Med Biol199947414515310634999
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HartmannGTschöpMFischerRHigh altitude increases circulating interleukin-6, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and C-reactive proteinCytokine200012324625210704252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KayserBHulseboschRBoschFLow-dose acetylsalicylic acid analog and acetazolamide for prevention of acute mountain sicknessHigh Alt Med Biol200891152318331216
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GertschJHCorbettBHolckPSAltitude sickness in climbers and efficacy of NSAIDs trial (ASCENT): randomized, controlled trial of ibuprofen versus placebo for prevention of altitude illnessWilderness Environ Med201223430731523098412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LipmanGSKanaanNCHolckPSConstanceBBGertschJHPAINS GroupIbuprofen prevents altitude illness: a randomized controlled trial for prevention of altitude illness with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatoriesAnn Emerg Med201259648449022440488
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PanditAKarmacharyaPPathakRGiriSAryalMREfficacy of NSAIDs for the prevention of acute mountain sickness: a systematic review and meta-analysisJ Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect20142944
   Google Scholar
• GertschJHLipmanGSHolckPSProspective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled comparison of acetazolamide versus ibuprofen for prophylaxis against high altitude headache: the headache evaluation at altitude trial (HEAT)Wilderness Environ Med201021323624320832701
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DromaYHanaokaMOtaMPositive association of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms with high-altitude pulmonary edemaCirculation2002106782683012176955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LevettDZFernandezBORileyHLThe role of nitrogen oxides in human adaptation to hypoxiaSci Rep2011110922355626
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ErzurumSCGhoshSJanochaAJHigher blood flow and circulating NO products offset high-altitude hypoxia among TibetansProc Natl Acad Sci U S A200710445175931759817971439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeallCMLaskowskiDStrohlKPPulmonary nitric oxide in mountain dwellersNature2001414686241141211719794
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WylieLJKellyJBaileySJBeetroot juice and exercise: pharmacodynamic and dose-response relationshipsJ Appl Physiol (1985)2013115332533623640589
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LarsenFJWeitzbergELundbergJOEkblomBEffects of dietary nitrate on oxygen cost during exerciseActa Physiol200719115966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MasscheleinEVan ThienenRWangXVan SchepdaelAThomisMHespelPDietary nitrate improves muscle but not cerebral oxygenation status during exercise in hypoxiaJ Appl Physiol (1985)2012113573674522773768
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VanhataloAFulfordJBaileySJBlackwellJRWinyardPGJonesAMDietary nitrate reduces muscle metabolic perturbation and improves exercise tolerance in hypoxiaJ Physiol2011589pt 225517552821911616
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KellyJVanhataloABaileySJDietary nitrate supplementation: effects on plasma nitrite and pulmonary O2 uptake dynamics during exercise in hypoxia and normoxiaAm J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol20143077R920R93025009219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MuggeridgeDJHoweCCSpendiffOThe effects of a single dose of concentrated beetroot juice on performance in trained flatwater kayakersInt J Sport Nutr Exer Metab2013235498506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VanhataloAJonesAMBlackwellJRWinyardPGFulfordJDietary nitrate accelerates postexercise muscle metabolic recovery and O2 delivery in hypoxiaJ Appl Physiol2014117121460147025301896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LarsenFJSchifferTABorniquelSDietary inorganic nitrate improves mitochondrial efficiency in humansCell Metab201113214915921284982
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BaileySJFulfordJVanhataloADietary nitrate supplementation enhances muscle contractile efficiency during knee-extensor exercise in humansJ Appl Physiol (1985)2010109113514820466802
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FergusonSKHiraiDMCoppSWImpact of dietary nitrate supplementation via beetroot juice on exercising muscle vascular control in ratsJ Physiol2013591254755723070702
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BaumgartnerRWBärtschPMaggioriniMWaberUOelzOEnhanced cerebral blood flow in acute mountain sicknessAviat Space Environ Med19946587267297980332
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GhofraniHAReichenbergerFKohstallMGSildenafil increased exercise capacity during hypoxia at low altitudes and at Mount Everest base camp: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trialAnn Intern Med2004141316917715289213
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JacobsKAKresslerJStoutenbergMRoosBAFriedlanderALSildenafil has little influence on cardiovascular hemodynamics or 6-km time trial performance in trained men and women at simulated high altitudeHigh Alt Med Biol201112321522221962064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OlfertIMLoeckingerATremlBSildenafil and bosentan improve arterial oxygenation during acute hypoxic exercise: a controlled laboratory trialWilderness Environ Med201122321122121723164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BatesMGThompsonAABaillieJKSildenafil citrate for the prevention of high altitude hypoxic pulmonary hypertension: double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trialHigh Alt Med Biol201112320721421962063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SmithTGBalanosGMCroftQPThe increase in pulmonary arterial pressure caused by hypoxia depends on iron statusJ Physiol2008586pt 245999600518955380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SmithTGTalbotNPPrivatCEffects of iron supplementation and depletion on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension: two randomized controlled trialsJAMA2009302131444145019809026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EpsteinACGleadleJMMcNeillLAC. elegans EGL-9 and mammalian homologs define a family of dioxygenases that regulate HIF by prolyl hydroxylationCell20011071435411595184
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KnowlesHJRavalRRHarrisALRatcliffePJEffect of ascorbate on the activity of hypoxia-inducible factor in cancer cellsCancer Res20036381764176812702559
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TalbotNPSmithTGPrivatCIntravenous iron supplementation may protect against acute mountain sickness: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trialHigh Alt Med Biol201112326526921962070
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RoachRCMaesDSandovalDExercise exacerbates acute mountain sickness at simulated high altitudeJ Appl Physiol (1985)200088258158510658026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EdsellMWimalasenaYMaleinWHigh-intensity intermittent exercise increases pulmonary interstitial edema at altitude but not at simulated altitudeWilderness Environ Med201425440941525443761
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MellorAWoodsDO’HaraJHowleyMWatchornJBoosCRating of perceived exertion and acute mountain sickness during a high-altitude trekAviat Space Environ Med201485121214121625479264
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• RuppTJubeauMMilletGThe effect of hypoxemia and exercise on acute mountain sickness symptomsJ Appl Physiol (1985)2012114218018523154995
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MairerKWilleMGranderWBurtscherMEffects of exercise and hypoxia on heart rate variability and acute mountain sicknessInt J Sports Med2013340870070623386424
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RuppTJubeauMLamalleLCerebral volumetric changes induced by prolonged hypoxic exposure and whole-body exerciseJ Cereb Blood Flow Metab201434111802180925160673
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SelfDAMandellaJGPrinzoOVForsterEMShaffstallRMPhysiological equivalence of normobaric and hypobaric exposures of humans to 25,000 feet (7620 m)Aviat Space Environ Med20118229710321329023
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WoodsDRDavisonAStaceyMThe cortisol response to hypobaric hypoxia at rest and post-exerciseHorm Metab Res201244430230522368038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SanaviSMirsepasiMSerum cortisol and testosterone alterations following exercise in normoxic and hypoxic conditions in trained young menSaudi J Sports Med20131312733
   Google Scholar
• MellorAJBoosCJBallSCopeptin and arginine vasopressin at high altitude: relationship to plasma osmolality and perceived exertionEur J Appl Physiol20151151919825213006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KallenbergKBaileyDMChristSMagnetic resonance imaging evidence of cytotoxic cerebral edema in acute mountain sicknessJ Cereb Blood Flow200727510641071
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchoonmanGGSandorPSNirkkoACHypoxia-induced acute mountain sickness is associated with intracellular cerebral edema: a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging studyJ Cereb Blood Flow Metab200828119820617519973
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DebevecTPialouxVMekjavicIEikenOMuryPMilletGModerate exercise blunts oxidative stress induced by normobaric hypoxic confinementMed Sci Sports Exerc2014461334123846158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MuzaSRBeidlemanBAFulcoCSAltitude preexposure recommendations for inducing acclimatisationHigh Alt Med Biol2010112879220586592
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeidlemanBAMuzaSRFulcoCSIntermittent altitude exposures reduce acute mountain sickness at 4300 mClin Sci (Lond)2004106332132814561214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeidlemanBAFulcoCSMuzaSREffect of six days of staging on physiologic adjustments and acute mountain sickness during ascent to 4300 metersHigh Alt Med Biol200910325326019775215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FulcoCSMuzaSRBeidlemanBExercise performance of sea level residents at 4300 m after 6 days at 2200 mAviat Space Environ Med2009801195596119911519
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SavoureyGGarciaNBesnardYHanniquetAMFineMOBittelJPhysiological changes induced by pre-adaptation to high altitudeEur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol19946932212278001533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilberRLApplication of altitude, hypoxic training by elite athletesJ Hum Sport Exerc201162271286
   Google Scholar
• RichaletJPBittelJHerryJPUse of hypobaric chamber for pre-acclimatization before climbing Mount EverestInt J Sports Med199213Suppl 1S216S2201483780
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NagasakaTSatakeTChanges of pulmonary and cardiovascular functions in subjects confined intermittently in a low pressure chamber for 3 consecutive daysFed Proc1969283131213155783537
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SavoureyGGarciaNBenardYGuinetAHanniquetAMBittelJPre-adaptation, adaptation and de-adaptation to high altitude in humans: cardio-ventilatory and hematological changesEur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol19967365295358817123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RodriguezFACasasHCasasMIntermittent hypobaric hypoxia stimulates erythropoiesis and improves aerobic capacityAviat Space Environ Med1999312264268
   Google Scholar
• RodriguezFAVenturaJLCasasMErythropoietin acute reaction and hematological adaptations to short, intermittent hypobaric hypoxiaEur J Appl Physiol200082317017710929210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CasasMCasasHPagésTIntermittent hypobaric hypoxia induces altitude acclimation and improves the lactate thresholdAviat Space Environ Med200071212513010685585
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FulcoCSBeidlemanBMuzaSREffectiveness of preacclimatisation strategies for high altitude exposureExerc Sport Sci Rev2013411556322653279
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CoppelJHennisPGilbert-KawaiEGrocottMPThe physiological effects of hypobaric hypoxia versus normobaric hypoxia: a systematic review of crossover trialsExtreme Physiol Med201542120
   Google Scholar
• MilletGPFaissRPialouxVEvidence for differences between hypobaric and normobaric hypoxia is conclusiveExerc Sport Sci Rev201341213323524575
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GarciaNHopkinsSRPowellFLEffects of intermittent hypoxia on the isocapnic hypoxic ventilatory response and erythropoiesis in humansRespir Physiol20001231–2394910996186
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KatayamaKSatoKHottaNIshidaKIwasakiKMiyamuraMIntermittent hypoxia does not increase exercise ventilation at simulated moderate altitudeInt J Sports Med200728648048717357965
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KatayamaKKojiIKenichiIMiharuMEffect of two durations of short-term intermittent hypoxia on ventilatory chemosensitivity in humansEur J Appl Physiol2009105581582119125287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KatayamaKSatoYIshidaKMoriSMiyamuraMThe effects of intermittent exposure to hypoxia during endurance exercise training on the ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia in humansEur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol19987831891149720995
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LevineBDFriedmanDBEngfredKThe effect of normoxic or hypobaric hypoxic endurance training on the hypoxic ventilatory responseMed Sci Sports Exerc19922477697751501561
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeidlemanBAMuzaSRFulcoCSIntermittent altitude exposures improve muscular performance at 4300 mJ Appl Physiol (1985)20039551824183212819214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeidlemanBAMuzaSRFulcoCSIntermittent hypoxic exposure does not improve endurance performance at altitudeMed Sci Sports Exerc20094161317132519461532
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeidlemanBAMuzaSRFulcoCSSeven intermittent exposures to altitude improves exercise performance at 4300 mMed Sci Sports Exerc200840114114818091011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GueneteeJASheelAWPhysiological consequences of a high altitude work of breathing during heavy exercise in humansJ Sci Med Sport200710634135017418638
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DowneyAEChenowethLMTownsendDKRanumJDFergusonCSHarmsCSEffects of Inspiratory muscle training on exercise responses in normoxia and hypoxiaRespir Physiol Neurobiol2007156213714616996322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LomaxMInspiratory muscle training, altitude, and arterial oxygen desaturation: a preliminary investigationAviat Space Environ Med201081549850120464817
   PubMedGoogle Scholar