123
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Research

Quantifying Conflict of Interest in the Choice of Anti-VEGF Agents

&
Pages 1403-1408 | Published online: 06 Apr 2021

References

  • Williams GA. IVT injections: health policy implications. Review of ophthalmology 2014. Ophthalmology. 2014;21(6):62–64.
  • Market for anti-VEGF drugs in USA; 2019. Available from: https://eyewire.news/articles/market-scope-novartis-leads-the-race-to-launch-a-new-anti-vegf-for-wet-amd/. Accessed December 14, 2020.
  • Martin DF, Maquire MG, Fine SL, et al. Ranibizumab and bevacizumab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Two-year results. Ophthalmology. 2012;119(7):1388–1398. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.03.053
  • Wells JA, Glassman AR, Ayala AR, et al.; for the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema. Two-year results from a comparative effectiveness randomized clinical trial. Ophthalmology. 2016;123(6):1351–1359. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.02.022
  • Sangroongruangsri S, Ratanapakorn T, Wu O, Anothaisintawee T, Chaikledkaew U. Comparative efficacy of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept for treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2018;11(9):903–916. doi:10.1080/17512433.2018.1507735
  • Baker-Schena L. Expensive drugs. EyeNet. 2017;(44).
  • Mahr MA, Hodge DO, Erie JC. Association between industry payments and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor use in medicare beneficiaries. Ophthalmol Retin. 2017;1(1):19–24. doi:10.1016/j.oret.2016.08.001
  • Fein AJ. The 2016–2017 economic report on pharmaceutical wholesalers and specialty distributors; 2017. Available from: https://drugchannelsinstitute.com/files/2017-18-PharmaceuticalWholesalers-Overview.pdf. Accessed February 27, 2021.
  • Jain A, Varshney N. Economics of intravitreal medications for neovascular AMD. Retin Physician. 2014;11(1):30–70.
  • Hutton DW, Stein JD, Glassman AR, et al. Five year cost effectiveness of intravitreous ranibizumab therapy vs panretinal photocoagulation for treating proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019;137(12):1424–1432. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.4284
  • Pollack A. Genentech offers secret rebates for eye drug. New York Times. 2010 Nov 3; Business.
  • Lichter PR. Debunking myths of physician-industry conflicts of interest. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008;146(2):159–171. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2008.04.007
  • Richardson E. The physician payments sunshine act. Health affairs 2014; 2014. https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/hpb20141002.272302/full/healthpolicybrief_127.pdf. Accessed February 27, 2021.
  • Kelly J, Bhatt S, Aten A, et al. Cost of care initiative: analyzing a least cost alternative program with specialty ophthalmic injections under the medical benefit. J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 2018;24:S105.
  • Glasser DB, Parikh R, Lum F, Williams GA. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor cost savings achievable with increased bevacizumab reimbursement and use. Ophthalmology. 2020;127(12):1688–1692. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.06.012
  • Loftus P. U.S. suit alleges regeneron kickbacks. Wall Street Journal. 2020 Jun 25; Business, Healthcare, and Health.
  • Fleck LM, Danis M. How should therapeutic decisions about expensive drugs be made in imperfect environments? AMA J Ethics. 2017;19(2):147–156.
  • Chang JS. The physician payments sunshine act: data evaluation regarding payments to ophthalmologists. Ophthalmology. 2015;122(4):656–661. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.11.003
  • American Academy of Ophthalmology Code of Ethics; 2021. Available from: https://www.aao.org/ethics-detail/code-of-ethics#commercial. Accessed February 21, 2021.
  • Horstman AA, Niziol LM, Lichter PR, Lichter PR. Association of mandatory disclosure policies and laws with physician-industry financial relationships. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019;137(5):523–530. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.0085
  • Dorman T. Disclosure as only a single piece of the puzzle. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019;137(5):530–531. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.0090