Apatinib Combined with Irinotecan in the Treatment of Advanced Small-Cell Esophageal Carcinoma: A Case Report

References

• Chen WW, Wang F, Chen S, et al. Detailed analysis of prognostic factors in primary esophageal small cell carcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg. 2014;97(6):1975–1981. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.02.037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong AT, Shao M, Rineer J, Osborn V, Schwartz D, Schreiber D. Treatment and survival outcomes of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: an analysis of the National Cancer Data Base. Dis Esophagus. 2017;30(2):1–5. doi:10.1111/dote.12487
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu L, Li Y, Liu X, et al. Treatment strategies and prognostic factors of limited-stage primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. J Thorac Oncol. 2017;12(12):1834–1844. doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lv J, Liang J, Wang J, et al. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. J Thorac Oncol. 2008;3(12):1460–1465. doi:10.1097/JTO.0b013e31818e1247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao Q, Xiao H, Ouyang S, Tang J, Zhang B, Wang H. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: comparison between a Chinese cohort and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. Cancer Med. 2019;8:1074–1085. doi:10.1002/cam4.2001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott LJ. Apatinib: a review in advanced gastric cancer and other advanced cancers. Drugs. 2018;78(7):747–758. doi:10.1007/s40265-018-0903-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, Qin S, Xu J, et al. Apatinib for chemotherapy-refractory advanced metastatic gastric cancer: results from a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm, phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(26):3219–3225. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.48.8585
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li J, Qin S, Xu J, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial of apatinib in patients with chemotherapy-refractory advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(13):1448–1454. doi:10.1200/JCO.2015.63.5995
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Wang X, Huang J. Irinotecan plus fluorouracil-based regimen as second or third-line chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Thorac Cancer. 2016;7(2):246–250. doi:10.1111/1759-7714.12323
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noda K, Nishiwaki Y, Kawahara M, et al. Irinotecan plus cisplatin compared with etoposide plus cisplatin for extensive small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(2):85–91. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa003034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mi YJ, Liang YJ, Huang HB, et al. Apatinib (YN968D1) reverses multidrug resistance by inhibiting the efflux function of multiple ATP-binding cassette transporters. Cancer Res. 2010;70(20):7981–7991. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-0111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu XJ, Luo JD, Ling Y, et al. Management of small cell carcinoma of esophagus in China. J Gastrointest Surg. 2013;17(7):1181–1187. doi:10.1007/s11605-013-2204-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Mansoor S, Ziske C, Schmidt-Wolf IG. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: patient data metaanalysis and review of the literature. Ger Med Sci. 2013;11:Doc12. doi:10.3205/000180
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vos B, Rozema T, Miller RC, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a multicentre Rare Cancer Network study. Dis Esophagus. 2011;24(4):258–264. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2050.2010.01133.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kukar M, Groman A, Malhotra U, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a SEER database analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20(13):4239–4244. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2050.2010.01133.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkman J. Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications. N Engl J Med. 1971;285(21):1182–1186. doi:10.1056/NEJM197111182852108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMahon G. VEGF receptor signaling in tumor angiogenesis. Oncologist. 2000;5(Suppl 1):3–10. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.5-suppl_1-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goel S, Duda DG, Xu L, et al. Normalization of the vasculature for treatment of cancer and other diseases. Physiol Rev. 2011;91(3):1071–1121. doi:10.1152/physrev.00038.2010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain RK. Antiangiogenesis strategies revisited: from starving tumors to alleviating hypoxia. Cancer Cell. 2014;26(5):605–622. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2014.10.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou C, Wu YL, Chen G, et al. BEYOND: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase study of III first-line carboplatin/paclitaxel plus bevacizumab or placebo in Chinese patients with advanced or recurrent nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(19):2197–2204. doi:10.1200/JCO.2014.59.4424
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian S, Quan H, Xie C, et al. YN968D1 is a novel and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 tyrosine kinase with potent activity in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Sci. 2011;102(7):1374–1380. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.01939.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong XZ, Wang F, Liang S, et al. Apatinib (YN968D1) enhances the efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutical drugs in side population cells and ABCB1-overexpressing leukemia cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012;83(5):586–597. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2011.12.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng SQ, Wang GJ, Zhang JW, et al. Combined treatment with apatinib and docetaxel in A549 xenograft mice and its cellular pharmacokinetic basis. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2018;39(10):1670–1680. doi:10.1038/aps.2018.16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu Y, Huang Z, Lu H, et al. Apatinib in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer after second-line or third-line chemotherapy: a Phase II, single-arm, multicentre, prospective study. Br J Cancer. 2019;121:640–646. doi:10.1038/s41416-019-0583-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo H, Zhang L, Yang B, et al. A randomized Phase 2 trial of apatinib vs observation as maintenance treatment following first-line induction chemotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Invest New Drugs. 2019;38:148–159. doi:10.1007/s10637-019-00828-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan X, Wang Q, Wang H, et al. Apatinib as maintenance therapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: results from a single-center retrospective study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2019;145(1):235–240. doi:10.1007/s00432-018-2764-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar