Magnitude of Anemia and Undernutrition Among Primary School Children in a Setting of Mass Deworming in Central Ethiopia

References

• World Health Organization. Hemoglobin Concentrations for the Diagnosis of Anemia and Assessment of Severity. Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Children’s Fund/United Nations University/WHO: Iron deficiency anemia. Assessment, Prevention and Control. A Guide for Program Managers (WHO/NHD/01.3). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2001:15–31.
   Google Scholar
• Benoist B, McLean E, Cogswell M, Egli I, Wojdyla D. Worldwide Prevalence of Anemia 1993–2005. World Health Organization Global Database on Anemia. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008:7–13.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. The Global Prevalence of Anemia in 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Desalegn A, Mossie A, Gedefaw L, Schooling CM. Nutritional iron deficiency anemia: magnitude and its predictors among school age children, southwest Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dary O, Hurrell R. Guidelines on Food Fortification with Micronutrients. Geneva: World Health Organization, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Scott SP, Chen-Edinboro LP, Caulfield LE, Murray-Kolb LE. The impact of anemia on child mortality: an updated review. Nutrients. 2014;6(12):5915–5932. doi:10.3390/nu6125915
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kassebaum JN, Regan M, Brooker JS, et al. A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010. Blood. 2014;123(5):615–624. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-06-508325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciesla B. Hematology in Practice. Philadelphia: FA Devis Company; 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Best C, Neufingerl N, Geel VL, Briel DVT, Osendarp S. The nutritional status of school-aged children: why should we care? Food Nutr Bull. 2010;31(3):400–417. doi:10.1177/156482651003100303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perignon M, Fiorentino M, Kuong K. Stunting, poor iron status and parasite infection are significant risk factors for lower cognitive performance in Cambodian school-aged children. PLoS One. 2014;9(11):e112605. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black ER, Victora GC, Walker PS, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2013;382:427–451. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60937-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Policy and practice information for action. Federal democratic republic of Ethiopia ministry of health. Q Health Bulletin. 2014;6:27–35.
   Google Scholar
• Scrimshaw NS, SanGiovanni JP. Synergism of nutrition, infection, and immunity: an overview. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;66(2):464–477. doi:10.1093/ajcn/66.2.464S
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CDC and World Food Program (WFP). Manual: measuring and interpreting malnutrition and mortality; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Mengistu L, Berhanu E. Prevalence of intestinal parasites among schoolchildren in a rural area close to the southeast of Lake Langano, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2004;18:116–120.
   Google Scholar
• WHO Expert Committee on the Control of Schistosomiasis‎. Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis: report of a WHO expert committee. World Health Organization; 2002. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42588. Accessed December 29, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Ending neglected diseases. Ethiopia’s national school-based deworming program to treat 16.5 million children. Available from: http://www.end.org/blogs/engagingnoteworthy-dialogue. Accessed December 30, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Girum T, Wasie A. The effect of deworming school children on anemia prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Nurs J. 2018;12:155–161. doi:10.2174/1874434601812010155
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bekele TH, deVries JJHM, Trijsburg L, et al. Methodology for developing and evaluating food-based dietary guidelines and a healthy eating index for Ethiopia: a study protocol. BMJ Open. 2019;9(7):e027846. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027846
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fryar CD, Gu Q, Ogden CL. Anthropometric reference data for children and adults: United States, 2007–2010. National Center for health statistics. Vital Health Stat. 2012;11(252):1.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Elimination of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis as Public Health Problem in Children. Progress Report 2001–2010 and Strategic Plan 2011–2020. World Health Organization; 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Sullivan KM, Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn L, Parvanta I. Hemoglobin adjustments to define anemia. Trop Med Int Health. 2008;13:1267–1271. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02143.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bendal R, Afifi A. Comparison of stopping rules in forward regression. J Am Stat Assoc. 1977;72(357):46–53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mickey RM, Greenland S. The impact of confounder selection criteria on effect estimation. Am J Epidemiol. 1989;129(1):125–137. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLIS). Country Profile Indicators. Interpretation Guide. World Health Organization; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Hall A, Kassa T, Demissie T, Deggife T, Lee S. National survey of health and nutrition of school children in Ethiopia. Trop Med Int Health. 2008;13:1518–1526. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02168.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mesfin F, Berhane Y, Worku A, Cardoso MA. Anemia among primary school children in eastern Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2015;10(4):4–10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123615
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Assefa S, Mossi A, Hamza L. Prevalence and severity of anemia among school children in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia. BMC Hematol. 2014;14:3–9. doi:10.1186/2052-1839-14-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ngesa O, Mwambi H. Prevalence and risk factors of anemia among school children aged between 6 months and 14 years in Kenya. PLoS One. 2014;9(11):5–10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113756
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turyashemererwa FM, Kikafunda J, Annan R, Tumuhimbise GA. Dietary patterns, anthropometric status, prevalence and risk factors for anemia among school children aged 5–11 years in central Uganda. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2013;26:73–81. doi:10.1111/jhn.12069
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khatiwada S, Tamang KM, Gelal B, et al. Anemia among school children in eastern Nepal. J Trop Pediatr. 2015;61:231–233. doi:10.1093/tropej/fmv016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ngui R, Lim YAL, Chong Kin L, SekChuen C. Association between anemias, iron deficiency anemia, neglected parasitic infections and socioeconomic factors in rural children of west Malaysia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(3). doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001550
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao X, Yun S, Zhao G. Structure, function and nutrition of phytoferritin: newly functional factor for iron supplement. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2014;54(10):1342–1352. doi:10.1080/10408398.2011.635914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alelign T, Degarege A, Erko B. Prevalence and factors associated with undernutrition and anemia among school children in Durbe Town, Northwest Ethiopia. Arch Public Health. 2015;73:34–41. doi:10.1186/s13690-015-0084-x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Senbanjo OI, Oshikoya AK, Odusanya OO, Njokanma FO. Prevalence and risk factors for stunting among school children and adolescents in Abeokuta, Southwest Nigeria. J Health Popul Nutr. 2011;29(4):364–370. doi:10.3329/jhpn.v29i4.8452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukherjee RM, Chaturvedi SL, Bhalwar RC. Determinants of nutritional status of school children in Pune. MJAFI. 2008;64:227–231.
   Google Scholar
• Mohamed S, Hussein DM. Prevalence of thinness, stunting and anemia among rural school-aged Sudanese children: a cross-sectional study. J Trop Pediatr. 2015;61:260–265. doi:10.1093/tropej/fmv028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrador Z, Sordo L, Gadisa E, et al. Cross-sectional study of malnutrition and associated factors among school aged children in rural and urban settings of fogera and LiboKemkem districts, Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2014;9:3–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Northrop-Clewes AC, Rousham KE, Mascie-Taylor NGC, Lunn GP. Anthelmintic treatment of rural Bangladeshi children: effect on host physiology, growth, and biochemical status. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:53–60. doi:10.1093/ajcn/73.1.53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Degarege D, Degarege A, Aminut A. Undernutrition and associated risk factors among school age children in Addis Ababa. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:375–384. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1714-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundborg P, Ralsmark H, Rooth D. The More the Healthier? Health and Family Size. Mimeo: Lund University; 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Horton S. Birth order and child nutritional status: evidence from the Philippines. Econ Dev Cult Change. 1988;36:341–354. doi:10.1086/451655
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yimam Y, Degarege A, Erko B. Effect of anthelmintic treatment on helminthes infection and related anemia among school-age children in northwestern Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2016;16:613. doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1956-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabatereine BN, Brooker S, Koukounari A, et al. Impact of a national helminthes control program on infection and morbidity in Ugandan school children. Bull World Health Organ. 2007;85:91–97. doi:10.2471/BLT.06.030353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoltzfus JR, Albonico M, Chwaya MH, Tielsch MJ, Schulze JK, Savioli L. Effects of the Zanzibar school-based deworming program on iron status of children. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68:179–186. doi:10.1093/ajcn/68.1.179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watkins WE, Pollit E. Effect of removing Ascaris on the growth of Guatemalan schoolchildren. Pediatrics. 1996;97(6 Pt 1):871–876.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph SA, Casapía M, Montresor A, et al. The effect of deworming on growth in one- year-old children living in a soil-transmitted helminthes-endemic area of Peru: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015;9(10):8–20. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sur D, Saha RD, Manna B, Rajendran K, Bhattacharya KS. Periodic deworming with albendazole and its impact on growth status and diarrheal incidence among children in an urban slum of India. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2005;99:261–267. doi:10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.08.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar