Spotlight on brimonidine topical gel 0.33% for facial erythema of rosacea: safety, efficacy, and patient acceptability

References

• TanJBlume-PeytaviUOrtonneJPAn observational cross-sectional survey of rosacea: clinical associations and progression between subtypesBr J Dermatol2013169355556223600367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WebsterGFRosaceaMed Clin North Am20099361183119419932325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PowellFCClinical practice. RosaceaN Engl J Med2005352879380315728812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilkinJDahlMDetmarMStandard classification of rosacea: report of the National Rosacea Society Expert Committee on the classification and staging of rosaceaJ Am Acad Dermatol200246458458711907512
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van ZuurenEJKramerSCarterBGraberMAFedorowiczZInterventions for rosaceaCochrane Database Syst Rev20113CD00326210.1002/14651858.CD003262.pub421412882
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AbramKSilmHMaaroosH-IOonaMRisk factors associated with rosaceaJ Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol201024556557119874433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAleerMAFitzpatrickPPowellFCPapulopustular rosacea: prevalence and relationship to photodamageJ Am Acad Dermatol2010631333920462665
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JacksonJMKnucklesMMinniJPJohnsonSMBelascoKTThe role of brimonidine tartrate gel in the treatment of rosaceaClin Cosmet Investig Dermatol20158529538
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YamasakiKGalloRLThe molecular pathology of rosaceaJ Dermatol Sci2009552778119481425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YamasakiKDi NardoABardanAIncreased serine protease activity and cathelicidin promotes skin inflammation in rosaceaNat Med200713897598017676051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhaoYEWuLPPengYChengHRetrospective analysis of the association between Demodex infestation and rosaceaArch Dermatol2010146889690220713824
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LaceyNDelaneySKavanaghKPowellFCMite-related bacterial antigens stimulate inflammatory cells in rosaceaBr J Dermatol2007157347448117596156
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BrauchleMFunkJOKindPWernerSUltraviolet B and H2O2 are potent inducers of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in cultured keratinocytesJ Biol Chem19962713621793217978702976
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BielenbergDRBucanaCDSanchezRDonawhoCKKripkeMLFidlerIJMolecular regulation of UVB-induced cutaneous angiogenesisJ Invest Dermatol199811158648729804351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longuet-PerretISchmittDViacJTumour necrosis factor-alpha is involved in the contrasting effects of ultraviolet B and ultraviolet A1 radiation on the release by normal human keratinocytes of vascular permeability factorBr J Dermatol199813822212249602864
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SulkMSeeligerSAubertJDistribution and expression of non-neuronal transient receptor potential (TRPV) ion channels in rosaceaJ Invest Dermatol201213241253126222189789
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CribierBRosacea under the microscope: characteristic histological findingsJ Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol201327111336134323451732
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SteinhoffMBuddenkotteJAubertJClinical, cellular, and molecular aspects in the pathophysiology of rosaceaJ Investig Dermatol Symp Proc2011151211
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AubdoolAABrainSDNeurovascular aspects of skin neurogenic inflammationJ Investig Dermatol Symp Proc20111513339
   Google Scholar
• Del RossoJQAdvances in understanding and managing rosacea. Part 1: connecting the dots between pathophysiological mechanisms and common clinical features of rosacea with emphasis on vascular changes and facial erythemaJ Clin Aesthet Dermatol2012531625
   Google Scholar
• emc [webpage on the Internet]Mirvaso 3 mg/g Gel – summary of product characteristics (SPC) – (eMC) Available from: http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/28682/SPC/Mirvaso+3mg+g+Gel/#PHARMACOLOGICAL_PROPSAccessed January 29, 2017
   Google Scholar
• FowlerJJarrattMMooreAOnce-daily topical brimonidine tartrate gel 0.5% is a novel treatment for moderate to severe facial erythema of rosacea: results of two multicentre, randomized and vehicle-controlled studiesBr J Dermatol2012166363364122050040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FowlerJJJacksonMMooreAEfficacy and safety of once-daily topical brimonidine tartrate gel 0.5% for the treatment of moderate to severe facial erythema of rosacea: results of two randomized, double-blind, and vehicle-controlled pivotal studiesJ Drugs Dermatol201312665065623839181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MooreAKempersSMurakawaGLong-term safety and efficacy of once-daily topical brimonidine tartrate gel 0.5% for the treatment of moderate to severe facial erythema of rosacea: results of a 1-year open-label studyJ Drugs Dermatol2014131566124385120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LoweELimSParadoxical erythema reaction of long-term topical brimonidine gel for the treatment of facial erythema of rosaceaJ Drugs Dermatol201615676376527272086
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CooksonHMcFaddenJWhiteJWhiteIRAllergic contact dermatitis caused by Mirvaso(R), brimonidine tartrate gel 0.33%, a new topical treatment for rosaceal erythemaContact Dermatitis201573636636726768997
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IlkovitchDPomerantzRGBrimonidine effective but may lead to significant rebound erythemaJ Am Acad Dermatol2014705e109e11024742853
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RouttETLevittJORebound erythema and burning sensation from a new topical brimonidine tartrate gel 0.33%J Am Acad Dermatol2014702e37e3824438976
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SwansonLAWarshawEMAllergic contact dermatitis to topical brimonidine tartrate gel 0.33% for treatment of rosaceaJ Am Acad Dermatol201471483283325219708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JacksonJMFowlerJMooreAImprovement in facial erythema within 30 minutes of initial application of brimonidine tartrate in patients with rosaceaJ Drugs Dermatol201413669970424918560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaytonAMSchallerMHomeyBBrimonidine gel 0.33% rapidly improves patient-reported outcomes by controlling facial erythema of rosacea: a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled studyJ Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol201529122405241026416154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar