320
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Research

Do health warnings on cigarette sticks dissuade smokers and non-smokers? A focus group and interview study of Australian university students

, , &
Pages 361-373 | Published online: 13 May 2019

References

  • World Health Organization. WHO Report on the Global Epidemic, 2017: Monitoring Tobacco Use and Prevention Policies. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 Available from: http://www.who.int/tobacco/global_report/2017/en/ . Accessed November 1, 2018.
  • US Department of Health and Human Services. The health consequences of smoking – 50 years of progress. SurgeonGeneral.gov; 2014 Available from: https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/50-years-of-progress/full-report.pdf. Accessed 1st November 1, 2018.
  • Freedman KS, Nelson NM, Feldman LL. Smoking initiation among young adults in the United States and Canada, 1998–2010: a systematic review. Prev Chronic Dis. 2012;9:e05.22172172
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS) 2016 Key Findings Data Tables. Canberra: AIHW; 2017 Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/ndshs-2016-key-findings/data . Accessed November 1, 2018.
  • Wakefield MA, Loken B, Hornik RC. Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour. Lancet. 2010;376(9748):1261–1271. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60809-420933263
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smoking & tobacco use: data and statistics. [Last updated 95, 2017; Retrieved 26, 2018]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/index.htm
  • Janz NK, Becker MH. The health belief model: a decade later. Health Educ Q. 1984;11(1):1–47. doi:10.1177/1090198184011001016392204
  • Glanz K, Rimer BK, Lewis FM. Health Behavior and Health Education. Theory, Research and Practice. San Fransisco: Wiley & Sons; 2002.
  • Strecher VJ, Becker MH, Kirscht JP, Eraker SA, Graham-Tomasi RP. Psychosocial aspects of changes in cigarette-smoking behavior. Patient Educ Couns. 1985;7(3):249–262. doi:10.1016/0738-3991(85)90033-310273957
  • Mao R, Li X, Stanton B. Psychosocial correlates of cigarette smoking among college students in China. Health Educ Res. 2008;24(1):105–118. doi:10.1093/her/cyn00218281711
  • Reisi M, Javadzade SH, Shahnazi H, Sharifirad G, Charkazi A, Moodi M. Factors affecting cigarette smoking based on health-belief model structures in pre-university students in Isfahan, Iran. J Educ Health Promot. 2014;3:23. doi:10.4103/2F2277-9531.12761424741663
  • Borland R, Wilson N, Fong GT, et al. Impact of graphic and text warnings on cigarette packs: findings from four countries over five years. Tob Control. 2009;18(5):358–364. doi:10.1136/tc.2008.02804319561362
  • Borland R, Yong HH, Wilson N, et al. How reactions to cigarette packet health warnings influence quitting: findings from the ITC four‐country survey. Addiction. 2009;104(4):669–675. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02508.x19215595
  • Hammond D. Health warning messages on tobacco products: a review. Tob Control. 2011;20(5):327–337. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.03763021606180
  • Noar SM, Hall MG, Francis DB, Ribisl KM, Pepper JK, Brewer NT. Pictorial cigarette pack warnings: a meta-analysis of experimental studies. Tob Control. 2015;25(3):341–354. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-05197825948713
  • Hammond D, Fong GT, Borland R, Cummings KM, McNeill A, Driezen P. Text and graphic warnings on cigarette packages: findings from the international tobacco control four country study. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32(3):202–209. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.11.01117296472
  • Brown A, Moodie C. Adolescents’ perceptions of tobacco control measures in the United Kingdom. Health Promot Pract. 2012;13(1):41–47. doi:10.1177/152483991036922220421410
  • Siegel M. Antismoking advertising: figuring out what works. J Health Commun. 2002;7(2):157–162. doi:10.1080/1081073029008802112049423
  • O’Hegarty M, Pederson LL, Nelson DE, Mowery P, Gable JM, Wortley P. Reactions of young adult smokers to warning labels on cigarette packages. Am J Prev Med. 2006;30(6):467–473. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.01.01816704939
  • Hassan LM, Shiu E. No place to hide: two pilot studies assessing the effectiveness of adding a health warning to the cigarette stick. Tob Control. 2015;24(e1):e3–e5. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-05123824335476
  • Hoek J, Gendall P, Eckert C, Louviere J. Dissuasive cigarette sticks: the next step in standardised (‘plain’) packaging? Tob Control. 2015;25(6):699–705. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-05253326676026
  • Moodie C, Purves R, McKell J, de Andrade M. Novel means of using cigarette packaging and cigarettes to communicate health risk and cessation messages: a qualitative study. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2015;13(3):333–344. doi:10.1007/s11469-014-9530-1
  • Moodie C, MacKintosh AM, Gallopel-Morvan K, Hastings G, Ford A. Adolescents’ perceptions of an on-cigarette health warning. Nicotine Tob Res. 2016;19(10):1232–1237. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntw165
  • Moodie C, Gendall P, Hoek J, MacKintosh AM, Best C, Murray S. The response of young adult smokers and nonsmokers in the United Kingdom to dissuasive cigarettes: an online survey. Nicotine Tob Res. 2019;21(2):227–233. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntx26129190398
  • Hoek J, Robertson C. How do young adult female smokers interpret dissuasive cigarette sticks? A qualitative analysis. J Soc Mark. 2015;5(1):21–39. doi:10.1108/JSOCM-01-2014-0003
  • Lund I, Scheffels J. Adolescent perceptions of dissuasive sticks: a web survey among 16–20 year olds in Norway. BMC Pub Health. 2018;18(1):974. doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5847-130081848
  • Drovandi A, Teague PA, Glass B, Malau-Aduli B. A systematic review of smoker and non-smoker perceptions of visually unappealing cigarette sticks. Tob Induc Dis. 2018;16:2. doi:10.18332/tid/82191
  • Moodie C. Novel ways of using tobacco packaging to communicate health messages: interviews with packaging and marketing experts. Addict Res Theory. 2016;24(1):54–61. doi:10.3109/16066359.2015.1064905
  • Drovandi A, Teague PA, Glass B, Malau-Aduli B. Australian school student perceptions of effective anti-tobacco health warnings. Front Public Health. 2018;6:297. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2018.0029730386764
  • Drovandi A, Teague PA, Glass B, Malau-Aduli B. Australian university student perceptions of health messages on cigarette sticks. Health Commun. 2019;1–9. doi:10.1080/10410236.2019.1567442
  • Drovandi A, Teague PA, Glass B, Malau-Aduli B. Australian community pharmacist experiences with smoking cessation and opinions of health warnings on individual cigarette sticks. Int J Pharm Pract. 2018. doi:10.1111/ijpp.12470
  • Hirono KT, Smith KE. Australia’s $40 per pack cigarette tax plans: the need to consider equity. Tob Control. 2017;27(2):229–233. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-05360828396484
  • Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 2006;3(2):77–101. doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Durkin S, Brennan E, Coomber K, Zacher M, Scollo M, Wakefield M. Short-term changes in quitting-related cognitions and behaviours after the implementation of plain packaging with larger health warnings: findings from a national cohort study with Australian adult smokers. Tob Control. 2015;24(Suppl2):ii26–ii32. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-05205828407608
  • Wakefield M, Coomber K, Zacher M, Durkin S, Brennan E, Scollo M. Australian adult smokers’ responses to plain packaging with larger graphic health warnings 1 year after implementation: results from a national cross-sectional tracking survey. Tobacco Control. 2015;24(Suppl2):ii17–ii25. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-05205028407606
  • Krosnick JA, Malhotra N, Mo CH, et al. Perceptions of health risks of cigarette smoking: a new measure reveals widespread misunderstanding. PLoS One. 2017;12(8):e0182063. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.018206328806420
  • Weinstein ND, Marcus SE, Moser RP. Smokers’ unrealistic optimism about their risk. Tob Control. 2005;14(1):55–59. doi:10.1136/tc.2004.00837515735301
  • Weinstein ND, Slovic P, Gibson G. Accuracy and optimism in smokers’ beliefs about quitting. Nicotine Tob Res. 2004;6(Suppl 3):S375–S380. doi:10.1080/1462220041233132078915799601
  • Brennan E, Dunstone K, Wakefield M. Population awareness of tobacco-related harms: implications for refreshing graphic health warnings in Australia. Med J Aust. 2018;209(4):1–2. doi:10.5694/mja17.01207
  • Reid JL, Mutti-Packer S, Gupta PC, et al. Influence of health warnings on beliefs about the health effects of cigarette smoking, in the context of an experimental study in four Asian countries. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017;14(8):868. doi:10.3390/ijerph14080868
  • Wackowski OA, Delnevo CD. Young adults’ risk perceptions of various tobacco products relative to cigarettes: results from the National Young Adult Health Survey. Health Educ Behav. 2016;43(3):328–336. doi:10.1177/2F109019811559998826304709
  • Grevenstein D, Nagy E, Kroeninger-Jungaberle H. Development of risk perception and substance use of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis among adolescents and emerging adults: evidence of directional influences. Subst Use Misuse. 2015;50(3):376–386. doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.98484725496046
  • Hoek J, Hoek-Sims A, Gendall P. A qualitative exploration of young adult smokers’ responses to novel tobacco warnings. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(1):609. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-60923800292
  • Tombor I, Shahab L, Herbec A, Neale J, Michie S, West R. Smoker identity and its potential role in young adults’ smoking behavior: a meta-ethnography. Health Psychol. 2015;34(10):992. doi:10.1037/hea000019125622078
  • Ling PM, Glantz SA. Why and how the tobacco industry sells cigarettes to young adults: evidence from industry documents. Am J Pub Health. 2002;92(6):908–916. doi:10.2105/AJPH.92.6.90812036776
  • Song AV, Glantz SA. Pushing secondhand smoke and the tobacco industry outside the social norm to reduce adolescent smoking. J Adolesc Health. 2008;43(4):315. doi:10.1016/2Fj.jadohealth.2008.05.00218809127
  • Leshner G, Bolls P, Thomas E. Scare’em or disgust’em: the effects of graphic health promotion messages. Health Commun. 2009;24(5):447–458. doi:10.1080/1041023090302349319657827
  • Morales AC, Wu EC, Fitzsimons GJ. How disgust enhances the effectiveness of fear appeals. J Mark Res. 2012;49(3):383–393. doi:10.1509/jmr.07.0364
  • Dunlop SM. Talking “truth”: predictors and consequences of conversations about a youth antismoking campaign for smokers and nonsmokers. J Health Commun. 2011;16(7):708–725. doi:10.1080/10810730.2011.55200021476165
  • Lussier JP, Heil SH, Mongeon JA, Badger GJ, Higgins ST. A meta‐analysis of voucher‐based reinforcement therapy for substance use disorders. Addiction. 2006;101(2):192–203. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01311.x16445548
  • Volkow ND, Fowler JS, Wang GJ, Baler R, Telang F. Imaging dopamine’s role in drug abuse and addiction. Neuropharmacol. 2009;56:3–8. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.05.022
  • Trope Y, Liberman N. Construal-level theory of psychological distance. Psychol Rev. 2011;117(2):440–463. doi:10.1037/a0018963