317
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
HYPOTHESIS

Internet Addiction and Academic Anxiety Among Chinese College Students During COVID-19: The Mediating Role of Psychological Contract

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 3949-3962 | Received 27 Jul 2023, Accepted 16 Sep 2023, Published online: 03 Oct 2023

References

  • Macher D, Paechter M, Papousek I, Ruggeri K. Statistics anxiety, trait anxiety, learning behavior, and academic performance. Eur J Psychol Educ. 2012;27(4):483–498. doi:10.1007/s10212-011-0090-5
  • Soares S, Boyes ME, Parrila R, Badcock NA. Does reading anxiety impact on academic achievement in higher education students? Dyslexia. 2023;29(3):179–198. doi:10.1002/dys.1738
  • Olawade DB, Olorunfemi OJ, Wada OZ, Afolalu TD, Enahoro MA. Internet addiction among university students during COVID-19 lockdown: case study of institutions in Nigeria. J Educ Hum Dev. 2020;9(4):165–173. doi:10.15640/jehd.v9n4a17
  • Cassady JC. Anxiety in Schools: The Causes, Consequences, and Solutions for Academic Anxieties. Vol. 2. Peter Lang; 2010.
  • Nail JE, Christofferson J, Ginsburg GS, et al. Academic impairment and impact of treatments among youth with anxiety disorders. Child Youth Care Forum. 2015;44(3):327–342. doi:10.1007/s10566-014-9290-x
  • Kurt DG. Suicide risk in college students: the effects of internet addiction and drug use. Educ Sci Theory Pract. 2015;15(4):841–848.
  • Hasty LM, Malanchini M, Shakeshaft N, Schofield K, Malanchini M, Wang Z. When anxiety becomes my propeller: mental toughness moderates the relation between academic anxiety and academic avoidance. Br J Educ Psychol. 2021;91(1):368–390.
  • Al-Nasa’h M, Al-Tarawneh L, Abu Awwad FM, Ahmad I. Estimating students’ online learning satisfaction during COVID-19: a discriminant analysis. Heliyon. 2021;7(12):e08544.
  • Guo C, Wan B. The digital divide in online learning in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Technol Soc. 2022;71:102122.
  • He W, Zhao L, Su YS. Effects of online self-regulated learning on learning ineffectiveness in the context of COVID-19. Int Rev Open Dis. 2022;23(2):25–43. doi:10.19173/irrodl.v23i2.5775
  • Jackson KM, Szombathelyi MK. Holistic Online Learning, in a Post COVID-19 World. Acta Polytech. 2022;19(11):125–144. doi:10.12700/APH.19.11.2022.11.7
  • Weinstein A, Lejoyeux M. Internet addiction or excessive internet use. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2010;36(5):277–283. doi:10.3109/00952990.2010.491880
  • Kuss DJ, Shorter GW, van Rooij AJ, Griffiths MD, Schoenmakers TM. Assessing internet addiction using the parsimonious internet addiction components model-a preliminary study. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2014;12(3):351–366.
  • Prochazka R, Sucha J, Dostal D, et al. Internet addiction among Czech adolescents. Psych J. 2021;10(5):679–687. doi:10.1002/pchj.454
  • Zhang LA, Zeng QY, Yang L, Han Y, Xu YX. Can psychological contracts decrease opportunistic behaviors? Front Psychol. 2022;13:911389.
  • Braganza A, Chen W, Canhoto A, Sap S. Productive employment and decent work: the impact of AI adoption on psychological contracts, job engagement and employee trust. J Bus Res. 2021;131:485–494. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.08.018
  • Gresse WG, Linde BJ. The anticipatory psychological contract of management graduates: validating a psychological contract expectations questionnaire. S Afr J Econ Manag Sci. 2020;23(1). doi:10.4102/sajems.v23i1.3285
  • Topa G, Aranda-Carmena M, De-Maria B. Psychological contract breach and outcomes: a systematic review of reviews. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(23):15527. doi:10.3390/ijerph192315527
  • Itzkovich Y. Constructing and validating students’ psychological contract violation scale. Front Psychol. 2021;12:685468. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685468
  • Spies AR, Wilkin NE, Bentley JP, Bouldin AS, Wilson MC, Holmes ER. Instrument to measure psychological contract violation in pharmacy students. Am J Pharm Educ. 2010;74(6):107. doi:10.5688/aj7406107
  • Bordia S, Bordia P, Milkovitz M, Shen Y, Restubog SLD. What do international students really want? An exploration of the content of international students’ psychological contract in business education. Stud High Educ. 2019;44(8):1488–1502. doi:10.1080/03075079.2018.1450853
  • O’Toole P, Prince N. The psychological contract of science students: social exchange with universities and university staff from the students’ perspective. High Educ Res Dev. 2015;34(1):160–172. doi:10.1080/07294360.2014.934326
  • Kutaula S, Gillani A, Budhwar PS. An analysis of employment relationships in Asia using psychological contract theory: a review and research agenda. Hum Resour Manag Rev. 2020;30(4):100707. doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2019.100707
  • Koskina A. What does the student psychological contract mean? Evidence from a UK business school. Stud High Educ. 2013;38(7):1020–1036. doi:10.1080/03075079.2011.618945
  • Liu M, Liu X, Muskat B, Leung XY, Liu SS, Employees’ self-esteem in psychological contract: workplace ostracism and counterproductive behavior. Tour Rev. 2023. doi:10.1108/TR-11-2022-0535
  • Zhao M, Huang YL, Wang JY, Feng J, Zhou B. Internet addiction and depression among Chinese adolescents: anxiety as a mediator and social support as a moderator. Psychol Health Med. 2023;28(8):2315–2328. doi:10.1080/13548506.2023.2224041
  • Qian D, Yongxin Z, Hua W, Wei H. Zhongyong thinking style and internet addiction of college students: serial mediating effect of social support and loneliness. Studi Psychol Behavior. 2019;17(4):553.
  • Qin Y, Liu SJ, Xu XL. The causalities between learning burnout and internet addiction risk: a moderated-mediation model. Soc Psychol Educ. 2023. doi:10.1007/s11218-023-09799-7
  • Lin YJ, Hsiao RC, Liu TL, Yen CF. Bidirectional relationships of psychiatric symptoms with internet addiction in college students: a prospective study. J Formos Med Assoc. 2020;119(6):1093–1100. doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2019.10.006
  • Dai WJ, Kaifa Z. An analysis of students’ work values education strategies and environment based on psychological contract. J Environ Public Health. 2022;2022:1–9. doi:10.1155/2022/4798768
  • Zhou R, Xiao XY, Huang WJ, et al. Video game addiction in psychiatric adolescent population: a hospital-based study on the role of individualism from South China. Brain Behav. 2023;13(9). doi:10.1002/brb3.3119.
  • Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD. Online social networking and addiction-a review of the psychological literature. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011;8(9):3528–3552. doi:10.3390/ijerph8093528
  • Roberts JA, Yaya LHP, Manolis C. The invisible addiction: cell-phone activities and addiction among male and female college students. J Behav Addict. 2014;3(4):254–265. doi:10.1556/JBA.3.2014.015
  • Shehata WM, Abdeldaim DE. Internet addiction among medical and non-medical students during COVID-19 pandemic, Tanta University, Egypt. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2021;28(42):59945–59952. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14961-9
  • Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Binder JF. Internet addiction in students: prevalence and risk factors. Comput Human Behav. 2013;29(3):959–966. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2012.12.024
  • Chang BR, Hou JH. The association between perceived risk of COVID-19, psychological distress, and internet addiction in college students: an application of stress process model. Front Psychol. 2022;13:898203.
  • Rousseau D. Psychological Contracts in Organizations: Understanding Written and Unwritten Agreements. Sage publications; 1995.
  • Liu W, Chen X, Lu X, Fan X. Exploring the relationship between users’ psychological contracts and their knowledge contribution in online health communities. Front Psychol. 2021;12:612030. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.612030
  • Rousseau DM. New hire perceptions of their own and their employer’s obligations: a study of psychological contracts. J Organ Behav. 1990;11(5):389–400. doi:10.1002/job.4030110506
  • Hui Z. Corporate social responsibilities, psychological contracts and employee turnover intention of SMEs in China. Front Psychol. 2021;12:754183.
  • Foa EB, Foa UG. Resource theory of social exchange. In: Handbook of Social Resource Theory. Springer; 2012:15–32.
  • Bi QQ. Cultivating loyal customers through online customer communities: a psychological contract perspective. J Bus Res. 2019;103:34–44. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.06.005
  • Zeng Y, Zhang J, Wei J, Li S. The impact of undergraduates’ social isolation on smartphone addiction: the roles of academic anxiety and social media use. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(23):15903. doi:10.3390/ijerph192315903
  • Jia J, Wang -L-L, Xu J-B, Lin X-H, Zhang B, Jiang Q. Self-handicapping in Chinese medical students during the covid-19 pandemic: the role of academic anxiety, procrastination and hardiness. Front Psychol. 2021;12:741821. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.741821
  • Deva M, Dallaghan GLB, Howard N, Roman BJB. Faculty bridging individual and organizational resilience: results of a qualitative analysis. Med Educ Online. 2023;28(1). doi:10.1080/10872981.2023.2184744
  • Zeng YL, Zhang JH, Wei JX, Li SY. The impact of undergraduates’ social isolation on smartphone addiction: the roles of academic anxiety and social media use. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(23):15903.
  • Taleb OK, Siti-Azrin A, Sarimah A, Abusafia AH, Baharuddin KA, Wan-Nor-Asyikeen WA. Psychometric properties of the environmental factors’ questionnaire for undergraduate medical students taking online learning during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC Med Educ. 2023;23(1). doi:10.1186/s12909-023-04314-0
  • Cimsir E, Akdogan R. Inferiority feelings and internet addiction among Turkish University students in the context of COVID-19: the mediating role of emotion dysregulation. Current Psychol. 2023;1–10. doi:10.1007/s12144-023-04661-7
  • Sserunkuuma J, Kaggwa MM, Muwanguzi M, et al. Problematic use of the internet, smartphones, and social media among medical students and relationship with depression: an exploratory study. PLoS One. 2023;18(5):e0286424. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0286424
  • Zheng Y, Zheng SQ. Exploring educational impacts among pre, during and post COVID-19 lockdowns from students with different personality traits. Int J Educ Technol High Educ. 2023;20(1). doi:10.1186/s41239-023-00388-4
  • Xu LL, Wang ZH, Tao ZY, Yu CF. English-learning stress and performance in Chinese college students: a serial mediation model of academic anxiety and academic burnout and the protective effect of grit. Front Psychol. 2022;13:1032675.
  • Soares ME, Mosquera P. Fostering work engagement: the role of the psychological contract. J Bus Res. 2019;101:469–476. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.01.003
  • Jeske D, Axtell CM. The nature of relationships in e-internships: a matter of the psychological contract, communication and relational investment. J Work Organ Rev Psicol Trab y de Las Organ. 2018;34(2):113–121. doi:10.5093/jwop2018a14
  • Gazit L, Zaidman N, Van Dijk D. Career self-management perceptions reflected in the psychological contract of virtual employees: a qualitative and quantitative analysis. Career Dev Int. 2021;26(6):786–805. doi:10.1108/CDI-12-2020-0334
  • Lin CP, Chiu CK, Liu NT. Developing virtual team performance: an integrated perspective of social exchange and social cognitive theories. Rev Manag Sci. 2019;13(4):671–688. doi:10.1007/s11846-017-0261-0
  • Perneger TV, Courvoisier DS, Hudelson PM, Gayet-Ageron A. Sample size for pre-tests of questionnaires. Qual Life Res. 2015;24(1):147–151. doi:10.1007/s11136-014-0752-2
  • Wang W, Zhang Y, Wu H, Zhao J. Expectation and complaint: online consumer complaint behavior in COVID-19 isolation. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2022;2022:2879–2896.
  • Podsakoff PM, MacKenzie SB, Podsakoff NP. Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. In: Fiske ST, Schacter DL, Taylor SE, editors. Annual Review of Psychology. Vol. 63. Annual Reviews; 2012:539–569.
  • Wang W, Zhang Y, Wu H, Zhao J. Expectation and complaint: online consumer complaint behavior in COVID-19 isolation. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2022;15:2879–2896. doi:10.2147/PRBM.S384021
  • Sarstedt M, Hair JF, Ringle CM. “PLS-SEM: indeed a silver bullet”–retrospective observations and recent advances. J Mark Theory Pract. 2022;54(4):1–15.
  • Wang W, Yang D, Zheng Y. How to believe? Building trust in food businesses’ consumers based on psychological contracts. Br Food J. 2023. doi:10.1108/BFJ-01-2023-0066
  • Dash G, Paul J. CB-SEM vs PLS-SEM methods for research in social sciences and technology forecasting. Technol Forecast Soc Change. 2021;173:121092.
  • Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhao J. Technological or social? Influencing factors and mechanisms of the psychological digital divide in rural Chinese elderly. Technol Soc. 2023;74:102307.
  • Kim JH. Multicollinearity and misleading statistical results. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2019;72(6):558–569.