Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: Risk Factors and Economic Burden Among Patients with Bloodstream Infections

References

• Allel K, Stone J, Undurraga EA, et al. The impact of inpatient bloodstream infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2023;20(6):e1004199. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2022;399(10325):629–655. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02724-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ikuta KS, Swetschinski LR, Robles Aguilar G, GBD 2019 Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 2022;400(10369):2221–2248. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02185-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassini A, Plachouras D, Eckmanns T, et al. Burden of Six Healthcare-Associated Infections on European Population Health: estimating Incidence-Based Disability-Adjusted Life Years through a Population Prevalence-Based Modelling Study. PLoS Med. 2016;13(10):e1002150. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabah A, Buetti N, Staiquly Q, et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in intensive care unit patients: the EUROBACT-2 international cohort study. Intensive Care Med. 2023;49(2):178–190. doi:10.1007/s00134-022-06944-2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen Y, Ji J, Ying C, et al. Blood bacterial resistant investigation collaborative system (BRICS) report: a national surveillance in China from 2014 to 2019. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2022;11(1):17. doi:10.1186/s13756-022-01055-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhuo CY, Guo YY, Liu NJ, et al. 广东地区血液内科血流感染的病原菌流行病学分析 [Epidemiological analysis of pathogens causing bloodstream infections in department of hematology in Guangdong Province]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2020;41(12):996–1001. Chinese. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.12.005
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Partridge SR, Kwong SM, Firth N, Jensen SO. Mobile Genetic Elements Associated with Antimicrobial Resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2018;31(4):e00088–17. doi:10.1128/CMR.00088-17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerminiaux NA, Cameron ADS. Horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in clinical environments. Can J Microbiol. 2019;65(1):34–44. doi:10.1139/cjm-2018-0275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwaber MJ, Navon-Venezia S, Schwartz D, Carmeli Y. High levels of antimicrobial coresistance among extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005;49(5):2137–2139. doi:10.1128/AAC.49.5.2137-2139.2005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mammeri H, Van De Loo M, Poirel L, Martinez-Martinez L, Nordmann P. Emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli in Europe. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005;49(1):71–76. doi:10.1128/AAC.49.1.71-76.2005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandra S, Barter DM, Laxminarayan R. Economic burden of antibiotic resistance: how much do we really know? Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014;20(10):973–980. doi:10.1111/1469-0691.12798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhen X, Lundborg CS, Sun X, Hu X, Dong H. Economic burden of antibiotic resistance in ESKAPE organisms: a systematic review. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2019;8:137. doi:10.1186/s13756-019-0590-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) Report; 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Hu B, Ye H, Xu Y, et al. Clinical and economic outcomes associated with community-acquired intra-abdominal infections caused by extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria in China. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010;26(6):1443–1449. doi:10.1185/03007991003769068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 33rd. CLSI supplement M100 (ISBN 978-1-68440-170-3 [Print]; ISBN 978-1-68440-171-0 [Electronic]). USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2023
   Google Scholar
• Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med. 1985;13(10):818–829. doi:10.1097/00003246-198510000-00009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016;315(8):801–10. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.0287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charlson M, Szatrowski TP, Peterson J, Gold J. Validation of a combined comorbidity index. J Clin Epidemiol. 1994;47(11):1245–1251. doi:10.1016/0895-4356(94)90129-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill PC, Birch M, Chambers S, et al. Prospective study of 424 cases of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: determination of factors affecting incidence and mortality. Intern Med J. 2001;31(2):97–103. doi:10.1111/j.1444-0903.2001.00029.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apisarnthanarak A, Kiratisin P, Mundy LM. Predictors of mortality from community-onset bloodstream infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008;29(7):671–674. doi:10.1086/588082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National bureau of statistics of china. China: china’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Available from: http://data.stats.gov.cn/search.htm?s=GDP. Accessed August 20, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Barnum H. Evaluating healthy days of life gained from health projects. Soc Sci Med. 1987;24(10):833–841. doi:10.1016/0277-9536(87)90184-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray CJ. Quantifying the burden of disease: the technical basis for disability-adjusted life years. Bull World Health Organ. 1994;72(3):429–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Global Burden of Disease: acomprehensive Assessment of Mortality and Disability from Dis-Eases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in 1990 and Projected to 2020. Murray CJL, Lopez AD, editors. TheGlobal Burden of Disease and Injury Series. Vol. 1: Harvard University Press, for Harvard School of PublicHealth on behalf of the World Health Organisation and TheWorld Bank; Boston, MA; 1996b.
   Google Scholar
• Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, et al., editors. Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors. Washington (DC): The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank; 2006. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11812/. Accessed August 20, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Center for the Evaluation of Value and Risk in Health. The Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry [Internet]. (Boston), Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center. Available from: www.cearegistry.org. Accessed August 20, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Devleesschauwer B, Havelaar AH, Maertens de Noordhout C, et al. Calculating disability-adjusted life years to quantify burden of disease. Int J Public Health. 2014;59(3):565–569. doi:10.1007/s00038-014-0552-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox-Rushby JA, Hanson K. Calculating and presenting disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in cost-effectiveness analysis. Health Policy Plan. 2001;16(3):326–331. doi:10.1093/heapol/16.3.326
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Xiao T, Zhu Y, et al. Economic Burden of Patients with Bloodstream Infections Caused by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli. Infect Drug Resist. 2020;13:3583–3592. doi:10.2147/IDR.S271230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caliendo M, Kopeinig S. Some Practical Guidance For The Implementation Of Propensity Score Matching. J Econ Surv. 2008;22(1):31–72. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6419.2007.00527.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bommae K. 2016. “Introduction to Mediation Analysis.” UVA Library StatLab. Available from: https://library.virginia.edu/data/articles/introduction-to-mediation-analysis/. Accessed September 14, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Sobel ME. D irect and indirect effects in linear structural equation mode ls. In: Long JS, editor. Common Problem s /Proper Solutions. Beverly H ills, CA: Sage; 1988:46–64.
   Google Scholar
• China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network Available from: http://www.chinets.com/Chinet. Accessed September 15, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Tumbarello M, Spanu T, Di Bidino R, et al. Costs of bloodstream infections caused by Escherichia coli and influence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase production and inadequate initial antibiotic therapy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54(10):4085–4091. doi:10.1128/AAC.00143-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacVane SH, Tuttle LO, Nicolau DP. Impact of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing organisms on clinical and economic outcomes in patients with urinary tract infection. J Hosp Med. 2014;9(4):232–238. doi:10.1002/jhm.2157
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quan J, Zhao D, Liu L, et al. High prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in community-onset bloodstream infections in China. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017;72(1):273–280. doi:10.1093/jac/dkw372
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (‎2021)‎. WHO integrated global surveillance on ESBL-producing E. coli using a “One Health” approach: implementation and opportunities. World Health Organization. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/340079. Accessed September 20, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (‎2019)‎. AWaRe – a new WHO tool to help countries improve antibiotic treatment, increase access and reduce resistance. Available from: https://adoptaware.org. Accessed September 20, 2023.
   Google Scholar
• Mahmoudi L, Sepasian A, Firouzabadi D, Akbari A. The Impact of an Antibiotic Stewardship Program on the Consumption of Specific Antimicrobials and Their Cost Burden: a Hospital-wide Intervention. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020;13:1701–1709. doi:10.2147/RMHP.S265407
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen-Thi HY, Nguyen DA, Huynh PT, Le NDT. Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Vancomycin Usage: costs and Outcomes at Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City. Vietnam Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021;14:2637–2646. doi:10.2147/RMHP.S307744
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karisik E, Ellington MJ, Pike R, Warren RE, Livermore DM, Woodford N. Molecular characterization of plasmids encoding CTX-M-15 beta-lactamases from Escherichia coli strains in the United Kingdom. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006;58(3):665–668. doi:10.1093/jac/dkl309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar