Review of novel therapeutic targets for improving heart failure treatment based on experimental and clinical studies

References

• McMurrayJJAdamopoulosSAnkerSDESC Committee for Practice GuidelinesESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESCEur J Heart Fail201214880386922828712
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BonsuKOKadirveluAReidpathDDStatins in heart failure: do we need another trial?Vasc Health Risk Manag2013930331923807852
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McMurrayJJClinical practice. Systolic heart failureN Engl J Med2010362322823820089973
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PatelCDeoghareSHeart failure: novel therapeutic approachesJ Postgrad Med201561210110825766342
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MuddJOKassDATackling heart failure in the twenty-first centuryNature2008451718191992818288181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LipskaiaLChemalyERHadriLLompreA-MHajjarRJSarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase as a therapeutic target for heart failureExpert Opin Biol Ther2010101294120078230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MeyerMSchillingerWPieskeBAlterations of sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins in failing human dilated cardiomyopathyCirculation19959247787847641356
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChenYEscoubetBPrunierFConstitutive cardiac overexpression of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase delays myocardial failure after myocardial infarction in rats at a cost of increased acute arrhythmiasCirculation2004109151898190315037529
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KushnirAMarksARThe ryanodine receptor in cardiac physiology and diseaseAdv Pharmacol20105913020933197
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• HasenfussGTeerlinkJRCardiac inotropes: current agents and future directionsEur Heart J201132151838184521388993
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BraunwaldEThe war against heart failure: the Lancet lectureLancet2015385997081282425467564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GreenbergBGene therapy for heart failureJ Cardiol201566319520025818479
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• del MonteFLebecheDGuerreroJLAbrogation of ventricular arrhythmias in a model of ischemia and reperfusion by targeting myocardial calcium cyclingProc Natl Acad Sci U S A2004101155622562715044708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KiriazisHKraniasEGGenetically engineered models with alterations in cardiac membrane calcium-handling proteinsAnnu Rev Physiol20006232135110845094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PeriasamyMHukeSSERCA pump level is a critical determinant of Ca(2+)homeostasis and cardiac contractilityJ Mol Cell Cardiol20013361053106311444913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TilemannLIshikawaKWeberTHajjarRJGene therapy for heart failureCirc Res2012110577779322383712
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MiyamotoMIdel MonteFSchmidtUAdenoviral gene transfer of SERCA2a improves left-ventricular function in aortic-banded rats in transition to heart failureProc Natl Acad Sci U S A200097279379810639159
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KawaseYLyHQPrunierFReversal of cardiac dysfunction after long-term expression of SERCA2a by gene transfer in a pre-clinical model of heart failureJ Am Coll Cardiol200851111112111918342232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BeeriRChaputMGuerreroJLGene delivery of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase inhibits ventricular remodeling in ischemic mitral regurgitationCirc Heart Fail20103562763420634484
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ByrneMJPowerJMPreovolosAMarianiJAHajjarRJKayeDMRecirculating cardiac delivery of AAV2/1SERCA2a improves myocardial function in an experimental model of heart failure in large animalsGene Ther200815231550155718650850
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JaskiBEJessupMLManciniDMCalcium Up-Regulation by Percutaneous Administration of Gene Therapy In Cardiac Disease (CUPID) Trial InvestigatorsCalcium upregulation by percutaneous administration of gene therapy in cardiac disease (CUPID Trial), a first-in-human phase 1/2 clinical trialJ Card Fail200915317118119327618
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JessupMGreenbergBManciniDCalcium Upregulation by Percutaneous Administration of Gene Therapy in Cardiac Disease (CUPID) InvestigatorsCalcium upregulation by percutaneous administration of gene Therapy in cardiac disease (CUPID): a phase 2 trial of intracoronary gene therapy of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase in patients with advanced heart failureCirculation2011124330431321709064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZseboKYaroshinskyARudyJJLong-term effects of AAV1/SERCA2a gene transfer in patients with severe heart failure: analysis of recurrent cardiovascular events and mortalityCirc Res2014114110110824065463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BersDMCardiac excitation-contraction couplingNature2002415686819820511805843
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MarksARTempstPHwangKSMolecular cloning and characterization of the ryanodine receptor/junctional channel complex cDNA from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulumProc Natl Acad Sci U S A19898622868386872813419
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NakaiJImagawaTHakamatYShigekawaMTakeshimaHNumaSPrimary structure and functional expression from cDNA of the cardiac ryanodine receptor/calcium release channelFEBS Lett19902711–21691772226801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HakamataYNakaiJTakeshimaHImotoKPrimary structure and distribution of a novel ryanodine receptor/calcium release channel from rabbit brainFEBS Lett19923122–32292351330694
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZalkRLehnartSEMarksARModulation of the ryanodine receptor and intracellular calciumAnnu Rev Biochem20077636738517506640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BersDMMacromolecular complexes regulating cardiac ryanodine receptor functionJ Mol Cell Cardiol200437241742915276012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnderssonDCMarksARFixing ryanodine receptor Ca leak – a novel therapeutic strategy for contractile failure in heart and skeletal muscleDrug Discov Today Dis Mech201072e151e15721113427
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MarxSOReikenSHisamatsuYPKA phosphorylation dissociates FKBP12.6 from the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor): defective regulation in failing heartsCell2000101436537610830164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuoTZhangTMestrilRBersDMCa2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylation of ryanodine receptor does affect calcium sparks in mouse ventricular myocytesCirc Res200699439840616840718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AiXCurranJWShannonTRBersDMPogwizdSMCa2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase modulates cardiac ryanodine receptor phosphorylation and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak in heart failureCirc Res200597121314132216269653
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LingHZhangTPereiraLRequirement for Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II in the transition from pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure in miceJ Clin Invest200911951230124019381018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van OortRJRespressJLLiNAccelerated development of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in an RyR2-R176Q knockin mouse modelHypertension201055493293820157052
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RespressJLvan OortRJLiNRole of RyR2 phosphorylation at S2814 during heart failure progressionCirc Res2012110111474148322511749
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AndersonMECaMKII and a failing strategy for growth in heartJ Clin Invest200911951082108519422097
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ter KeursHEBoydenPACalcium and arrhythmogenesisPhysiol Rev200787245750617429038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YanoMKobayashiSKohnoMFKBP12.6-mediated stabilization of calcium-release channel (ryanodine receptor) as a novel therapeutic strategy against heart failureCirculation2003107347748412551874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ToischerKLehnartSETenderichGK201 improves aspects of the contractile performance of human failing myocardium via reduction in Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulumBasic Res Cardiol2010105227928719718543
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KimuraJKawaharaMSakaiEYatabeJNakanishiHEffects of a novel cardioprotective drug, JTV-519, on membrane currents of guinea pig ventricular myocytesJpn J Pharmacol199979327528110230854
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LehnartSEMongilloMBellingerALeaky Ca2+ release channel/ryanodine receptor 2 causes seizures and sudden cardiac death in miceJ Clin Invest200811862230224518483626
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShanJBetzenhauserMJKushnirARole of chronic ryanodine receptor phosphorylation in heart failure and beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in miceJ Clin Invest2010120124375438721099115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BlayneyLMLaiFARyanodine receptor-mediated arrhythmias and sudden cardiac deathPharmacol Ther2009123215117719345240
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BersDMCaMKII inhibition in heart failure makes jump to humanCirc Res201010791044104621030721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SossallaSFluschnikNSchotolaHInhibition of elevated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II improves contractility in human failing myocardiumCirc Res201010791150116120814023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BristowMRGinsburgRMinobeWDecreased catecholamine sensitivity and beta-adrenergic-receptor density in failing human heartsN Engl J Med198230742052116283349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KouRSartorettoJMichelTRegulation of Rac1 by simvastatin in endothelial cells: differential roles of AMP-activated protein kinase and calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase-betaJ Biol Chem200928422147341474319332549
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BublilEMYardenYThe EGF receptor family: spearheading a merger of signaling and therapeuticsCurr Opin Cell Biol200719212413417314037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SawyerDBCaggianoANeuregulin-1beta for the treatment of systolic heart failureJ Mol Cell Cardiol201151450150521729703
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MeyerDBirchmeierCMultiple essential functions of neuregulin in developmentNature199537865553863907477375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhaoYYSawyerDRBaligaRRNeuregulins promote survival and growth of cardiac myocytes. Persistence of ErbB2 and ErbB4 expression in neonatal and adult ventricular myocytesJ Biol Chem19982731710261102699553078
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuglinMCutroRMishkinJDTrastuzumab-induced cardiomyopathyJ Card Fail200814543744418514938
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SlamonDJLeyland-JonesBShakSUse of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2N Engl J Med20013441178379211248153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LemmensKSegersVFDemolderMDe KeulenaerGWRole of neuregulin-1/ErbB2 signaling in endothelium-cardiomyocyte cross-talkJ Biol Chem200628128194691947716698793
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiuXGuXLiZNeuregulin-1/erbB-activation improves cardiac function and survival in models of ischemic, dilated, and viral cardiomyopathyJ Am Coll Cardiol20064871438144717010808
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TimolatiFOttDPentassugliaLNeuregulin-1 beta attenuates doxorubicin-induced alterations of excitation-contraction coupling and reduces oxidative stress in adult rat cardiomyocytesJ Mol Cell Cardiol200641584585417005195
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GaoRZhangJChengLA Phase II, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, based on standard therapy, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of recombinant human neuregulin-1 in patients with chronic heart failureJ Am Coll Cardiol201055181907191420430261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PackerMPathophysiology of chronic heart failureLancet1992340881188921352022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LatiniRMassonSAnandIThe comparative prognostic value of plasma neurohormones at baseline in patients with heart failure enrolled in Val-HeFTEur Heart J200425429229914984917
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VergaroGEmdinMIervasiAPrognostic value of plasma renin activity in heart failureAm J Cardiol2011108224625121545993
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KrumHRole of renin in heart failure and therapeutic potential of direct renin inhibitionJ Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst20089317718018957389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NguyenGThe (pro)renin receptor: pathophysiological roles in cardiovascular and renal pathologyCurr Opin Nephrol Hypertens200716212913317293688
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NeubergGWKukinMLPennJMedinaNYushakMPackerMHemodynamic effects of renin inhibition by enalkiren in chronic congestive heart failureAm J Cardiol199167163661986506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KiowskiWBeermannJRickenbacherPAngiotensinergic versus nonangiotensinergic hemodynamic effects of converting enzyme inhibition in patients with chronic heart failure. Assessment by acute renin and converting enzyme inhibitionCirculation1994906274827567994817
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SeedAGardnerRMcMurrayJNeurohumoral effects of the new orally active renin inhibitor, aliskiren, in chronic heart failureEur J Heart Fail20079111120112717945530
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMurrayJJPittBLatiniRAliskiren Observation of Heart Failure Treatment (ALOFT) InvestigatorsEffects of the oral direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in patients with symptomatic heart failureCirc Heart Fail200811172419808266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GheorghiadeMAlbaghdadiMZannadFASTRONAUT investigators and study coordinatorsRationale and design of the multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Aliskiren trial on acute heart failure outcomes (ASTRONAUT)Eur J Heart Fail201113110010621123186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GheorghiadeMBohmMGreeneSJASTRONAUT Investigators and CoordinatorsEffect of aliskiren on postdischarge mortality and heart failure readmissions among patients hospitalized for heart failure: the ASTRONAUT randomized trialJAMA2013309111125113523478743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KrumHMassieBAbrahamWTATMOSPHERE InvestigatorsDirect renin inhibition in addition to or as an alternative to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in patients with chronic systolic heart failure: rationale and design of the Aliskiren Trial to Minimize OutcomeS in Patients with HEart failuRE (ATMOSPHERE) studyEur J Heart Fail201113110711421169387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ParvingHHBrennerBMMcMurrayJJAliskiren trial in type 2 diabetes using cardio-renal endpoints (ALTITUDE): rationale and study designNephrol Dial Transplant20092451663167119145003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’ConnorCMStarlingRCHernandezAFEffect of nesiritide in patients with acute decompensated heart failureN Engl J Med20113651324321732835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BernardoWMMoreiraFTDoes nesiritide reduce mortality and readmission in decompensated heart failure?Rev Assoc Méd Bras201258213313422569604
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WylieJVTsaoLNesiritide for the treatment of decompensated heart failureExpert Rev Cardiovasc Ther20042680381315500426
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• NambiPClozelMFeuersteinGEndothelin and heart failureHeart Fail Rev20016433534011447308
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ErtlGBauersachsJEndothelin receptor antagonists in heart failureDrugs200464101029104015139784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WeiCMLermanARodehefferRJEndothelin in human congestive heart failureCirculation1994894158015868149524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PacherRBergler-KleinJGlobitsSPlasma big endothelin-1 concentrations in congestive heart failure patients with or without systemic hypertensionAm J Cardiol19937115129312998498369
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CodyRJHaasGJBinkleyPFCapersQKelleyRPlasma endothelin correlates with the extent of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic congestive heart failureCirculation19928525045091735147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MulderPRichardVDerumeauxGRole of endogenous endothelin in chronic heart failure: effect of long-term treatment with an endothelin antagonist on survival, hemodynamics, and cardiac remodelingCirculation1997966197619829323089
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FraccarolloDHuKGaluppoPGaudronPErtlGChronic endothelin receptor blockade attenuates progressive ventricular dilation and improves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction: possible involvement of myocardial endothelin system in ventricular remodelingCirculation19979611396339739403621
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SutschGKiowskiWYanXWShort-term oral endothelin-receptor antagonist therapy in conventionally treated patients with symptomatic severe chronic heart failureCirculation19989821226222689826312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MylonaPClelandJGUpdate of REACH-1 and MERIT-HF clinical trials in heart failure. Cardio.net Editorial TeamEur J Heart Fail19991219720010937931
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KalraPRMoonJCCoatsAJDo results of the ENABLE (endothelin antagonist bosentan for lowering cardiac events in heart failure) study spell the end for non-selective endothelin antagonism in heart failure?Int J Cardiol2002852–319519712208583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BalakumarPSinghMRecent advances in pharmacotherapy for heart failure: future directionsTrends Med Res200726171
   Google Scholar
• ClelandJGSwedbergKLack of efficacy of neutral endopeptidase inhibitor ecadotril in heart failure. The International Ecadotril Multi-centre Dose-ranging Study InvestigatorsLancet19983519116165716589620738
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RouleauJLPfefferMAStewartDJComparison of vasopeptidase inhibitor, omapatrilat, and lisinopril on exercise tolerance and morbidity in patients with heart failure: IMPRESS randomised trialLancet2000356923061562010968433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PackerMCaliffRMKonstamMAComparison of omapatrilat and enalapril in patients with chronic heart failure: the omapatrilat versus enalapril randomized trial of utility in reducing events (OVERTURE)Circulation2002106892092612186794
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MesserliFHNussbergerJVasopeptidase inhibition and angiooedemaLancet2000356923060860910968427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GuJNoeAChandraPPharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of LCZ696, a novel dual-acting angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi)J Clin Pharmacol201050440141419934029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HegdeLGYuCRennerTConcomitant angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonism and neprilysin inhibition produces omapatrilat-like antihypertensive effects without promoting tracheal plasma extravasation in the ratJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol201157449550421297495
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WaeberBFeihlFBlood-pressure reduction with LCZ696Lancet201037597221228122920236699
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RuilopeLMDukatABohmMLacourciereYGongJLefkowitzMPBlood-pressure reduction with LCZ696, a novel dual-acting inhibitor of the angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, active comparator studyLancet201037597221255126620236700
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SolomonSDZileMPieskeBProspective comparison of ARNI with ARB on Management Of heart failUre with preserved ejectioN fracTion (PARAMOUNT) InvestigatorsThe angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a phase 2 double-blind randomised controlled trialLancet201238098511387139522932717
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PackerMMcMurrayJJDesaiASPARADIGM-HF Investigators and CoordinatorsAngiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibition compared with enalapril on the risk of clinical progression in surviving patients with heart failureCirculation20151311546125403646
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMurrayJJVPackerMDesaiASPARADIGM-HF Investigators and CommitteesAngiotensin–neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failureNew England Journal of Medicine201437111993100425176015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LisyOHuntleyBKMcCormickDJKurlanskyPABurnettJCJrDesign, synthesis, and actions of a novel chimeric natriuretic peptide: CD-NPJ Am Coll Cardiol2008521606818582636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RoseRACD-NP, a chimeric natriuretic peptide for the treatment of heart failureCurr Opin Investig Drugs2010113349356
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ChatterjeeKNeurohormonal activation in congestive heart failure and the role of vasopressinAm J Cardiol2005959, suppl 181315619386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MondritzkiTKolkhofPSabbahHNDifferentiation of arginine vasopressin antagonistic effects by selective V2 versus dual V2/V1a receptor blockade in a preclinical heart failure modelAm J Ther2011181313721192248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VeeraveeduPTWatanabeKMaMEffects of nonpeptide vasopressin V2 antagonist tolvaptan in rats with heart failureBiochem Pharmacol200774101466147517720144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GheorghiadeMNiaziIOuyangJTolvaptan InvestigatorsVasopressin V2-receptor blockade with tolvaptan in patients with chronic heart failure: results from a double-blind, randomized trialCirculation2003107212690269612742979
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torp-PedersenCKoberLCarlsenJEA randomised trial of a pre-synaptic stimulator of DA2-dopaminergic and alpha2-adrenergic receptors on morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failureEur J Heart Fail2008101899518164245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PasiniECargnioniAPastoreFEffect of nolomirole on monocrotaline-induced heart failurePharmacol Res20044911514597145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BirkelandJASjaastadIBrattelidTEffects of treatment with a 5-HT4 receptor antagonist in heart failureBr J Pharmacol2007150214315217160012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KjekshusJKTorp-PedersenCGullestadLEffect of piboserod, a 5-HT4 serotonin receptor antagonist, on left ventricular function in patients with symptomatic heart failureEur J Heart Fail200911877177819567409
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BramlagePTurgonyiEMontalescotGAldosterone blockade: current research and future trendsEur Heart J Suppl201113suppl BB46B50
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MeyersMJArhancetGBHockermanSLDiscovery of (3S,3aR)-2-(3-chloro-4-cyanophenyl)-3-cyclopentyl-3,3a,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[g]indazole-7-carboxylic Acid (PF-3882845), an orally efficacious mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist for hypertension and nephropathyJ Med Chem201053165979600220672822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FagartJHillischAHuyetJA new mode of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism by a potent and selective nonsteroidal moleculeJ Biol Chem201028539299322994020650892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le MercierABarrera-ChimalJPrinceS0278: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism with BR-4628 protects against renal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusionArch Cardiovasc Dis Suppl201572152
   Google Scholar
• KolkhofPBordenSAMolecular pharmacology of the mineralocorticoid receptor: prospects for novel therapeuticsMol Cell Endocrinol2012350231031721771637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BarfackerLKuhlAHillischADiscovery of BAY 94-8862: a nonsteroidal antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor for the treatment of cardiorenal diseasesChemMedChem2012781385140322791416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PittBKoberLPonikowskiPSafety and tolerability of the novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist BAY 94-8862 in patients with chronic heart failure and mild or moderate chronic kidney disease: a randomized, double-blind trialEur Heart J201334312453246323713082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MulderPMellinVFavreJAldosterone synthase inhibition improves cardiovascular function and structure in rats with heart failure: a comparison with spironolactoneEur Heart J200829172171217918586661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CalhounDAWhiteWBKrumHEffects of a novel aldosterone synthase inhibitor for treatment of primary hypertension: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled phase 2 trialCirculation2011124181945195521986283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HofmannUFrantzSHow can we cure a heart “in flame”? A translational view on inflammation in heart failureBasic Res Cardiol2013108435623740214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HeymansSHirschEAnkerSDInflammation as a therapeutic target in heart failure? A scientific statement from the Translational Research Committee of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of CardiologyEur J Heart Fail200911211912919168509
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WoolacottNBravo VergelYHawkinsNEtanercept and infliximab for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review and economic evaluationHealth Technol Assess20061031iiiivxiiixvi123916948890
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BalakumarPSinghMAnti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha therapy in heart failure: future directionsBasic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol200699639139717169118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KerkelaRForceTp38 mitogen-activated protein kinase: a future target for heart failure therapy?J Am Coll Cardiol200648355655816875983
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BellahceneMJacquetSCaoXBActivation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase contributes to the early cardiodepressant action of tumor necrosis factorJ Am Coll Cardiol200648354555516875982
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShawSMShahMKWilliamsSGFildesJEImmunological mechanisms of pentoxifylline in chronic heart failureEur J Heart Fail200911211311819168508
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MallatZHenryPFressonnetRIncreased plasma concentrations of interleukin-18 in acute coronary syndromesHeart200288546746912381634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MallatZHeymesCCorbazAEvidence for altered interleukin 18 (IL)-18 pathway in human heart failureFASEB J200418141752175415371332
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’BrienLCMezzaromaEVan TassellBWInterleukin-18 as a therapeutic target in acute myocardial infarction and heart failureMol Med20142022122924804827
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TakPPBacchiMBertolinoMPharmacokinetics of IL-18 binding protein in healthy volunteers and subjects with rheumatoid arthritis or plaque psoriasisEur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet200631210911616898079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MarchettiCChojnackiJToldoSA novel pharmacologic inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome limits myocardial injury after ischemia-reperfusion in the mouseJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol201463431632224336017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WestermannDVan LinthoutSDhayatSCardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of interleukin converting enzyme inhibition in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathyDiabetes20075671834184117473225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AukrustPDamasJKGullestadLImmunomodulating therapy: new treatment modality in congestive heart failureCongest Heart Fail200392646912671336
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GullestadLOrnSDicksteinKIntravenous immunoglobulin does not reduce left ventricular remodeling in patients with myocardial dysfunction during hospitalization after acute myocardial infarctionInt J Cardiol2013168121221823046599
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SporterRJKimJHFrishmanWHDevice-based nonspecific immunomodulation therapy (Celacade), and its potential role in the treatment of chronic heart failureCardiol Rev200816628028718923231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ClelandJGColettaAPClarkALClinical trials update from the joint European Society and World Congress of Cardiology meeting: PEP-CHF, ACCLAIM and the HHH studyEur J Heart Fail20068665866117045839
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KaludercicNLindseyMLTavazziBLazzarinoGPaolocciNInhibiting metalloproteases with PD 166793 in heart failure: impact on cardiac remodeling and beyondCardiovasc Ther2008261243718466418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiYYMcTiernanCFFeldmanAMInterplay of matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and their regulators in cardiac matrix remodelingCardiovasc Res200046221422410773225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LiYYKadokamiTWangPMcTiernanCFFeldmanAMMMP inhibition modulates TNF-alpha transgenic mouse phenotype early in the development of heart failureAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol20022823H983H98911834496
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YndestadAVingeLEBjornerheimRThalidomide attenuates the development of fibrosis during post-infarction myocardial remodelling in ratsEur J Heart Fail20068879079616549389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PalaniswamyCMellanaWMSelvarajDRMohanDMetabolic modulation: a new therapeutic target in treatment of heart failureAm J Ther2011186e197e20120393344
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di NapoliPBarsottiAPrognostic relevance of metabolic approach in patients with heart failureCurr Pharm Des200915888389219275652
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeeLHorowitzJFrenneauxMMetabolic manipulation in ischaemic heart disease, a novel approach to treatmentEur Heart J200425863464115084367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BelardinelliRCianciGGigliMMazzantiMLacalapriceFEffects of trimetazidine on myocardial perfusion and left ventricular systolic function in type 2 diabetic patients with ischemic cardiomyopathyJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol200851661161518574390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-KadyTEl-SabbanKGabalyMSabryAAbdel-HadySEffects of trimetazidine on myocardial perfusion and the contractile response of chronically dysfunctional myocardium in ischemic cardiomyopathy: a 24-month studyAm J Cardiovasc Drugs20055427127815984909
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Di NapoliPDi GiovanniPGaetaMAD’ApolitoGBarsottiABeneficial effects of trimetazidine treatment on exercise tolerance and B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin T plasma levels in patients with stable ischemic cardiomyopathyAm Heart J20071543e601e605
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FragassoGPalloshiAPuccettiPA randomized clinical trial of trimetazidine, a partial free fatty acid oxidation inhibitor, in patients with heart failureJ Am Coll Cardiol200648599299816949492
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ThrainsdottirISvon BibraHMalmbergKRydenLEffects of trimetazidine on left ventricular function in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failureJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol200444110110815175564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangLLuYJiangHSunAZouYGeJAdditional use of trimetazidine in patients with chronic heart failure: a meta-analysisJ Am Coll Cardiol2012591091392222381427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhouXChenJIs treatment with trimetazidine beneficial in patients with chronic heart failure?PLoS One201495e9466024797235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GaoDNingNNiuXHaoGMengZTrimetazidine: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials in heart failureHeart201197427828621134903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DyckJRChengJFStanleyWCMalonyl coenzyme a decarboxylase inhibition protects the ischemic heart by inhibiting fatty acid oxidation and stimulating glucose oxidationCirc Res2004949e78e8415105298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KennedyJAKiosoglousAJMurphyGAPelleMAHorowitzJDEffect of perhexiline and oxfenicine on myocardial function and metabolism during low-flow ischemia/reperfusion in the isolated rat heartJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol200036679480111117381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JeffreyFMAlvarezLDiczkuVSherryADMalloyCRDirect evidence that perhexiline modifies myocardial substrate utilization from fatty acids to lactateJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol19952534694727769814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeeLCampbellRScheuermann-FreestoneMMetabolic modulation with perhexiline in chronic heart failure: a randomized, controlled trial of short-term use of a novel treatmentCirculation2005112213280328816301359
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WangPFraserHLloydSGMcVeighJJBelardinelliLChathamJCA comparison between ranolazine and CVT-4325, a novel inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation, on cardiac metabolism and left ventricular function in rat isolated perfused heart during ischemia and reperfusionJ Pharmacol Exp Ther2007321121322017202401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt-SchwedaSHolubarschCFirst clinical trial with etomoxir in patients with chronic congestive heart failureClin Sci (London)2000991273510887055
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HolubarschCJRohrbachMKarraschMA double-blind randomized multicentre clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two doses of etomoxir in comparison with placebo in patients with moderate congestive heart failure: the ERGO (etomoxir for the recovery of glucose oxidation) studyClin Sci (London)2007113420521217319797
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LewisJFDaCostaMWargowichTStacpoolePEffects of dichloroacetate in patients with congestive heart failureClin Cardiol199821128888929853180
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WilsonJRManciniDMFerraroNEglerJEffect of dichloroacetate on the exercise performance of patients with heart failureJ Am Coll Cardiol1988126146414693192843
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChengJFHuangYPenuliarRDiscovery of potent and orally available malonyl-CoA decarboxylase inhibitors as cardioprotective agentsJ Med Chem200649144055405816821767
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WuLBelardinelliLFraserHA novel partial fatty acid oxidation inhibitor decreases myocardial oxygen consumption and improves cardiac efficiency in demand-induced ischemic heartJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol200851437237918427280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TsutsuiHKinugawaSMatsushimaSOxidative stress and heart failureAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol20113016H2181H219021949114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LakshmiSVPadmajaGKuppusamyPKutalaVKOxidative stress in cardiovascular diseaseIndian J Biochem Biophys200946642144020361706
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HajjarRJLeopoldJAXanthine oxidase inhibition and heart failure: novel therapeutic strategy for ventricular dysfunction?Circ Res200698216917116456108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MortensenSARosenfeldtFKumarAQ-SYMBIO Study InvestigatorsThe effect of coenzyme Q10 on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure: results from Q-SYMBIO: a randomized double-blind trialJACC Heart Fail20142664164925282031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MinhasKMSaraivaRMSchuleriKHXanthine oxidoreductase inhibition causes reverse remodeling in rats with dilated cardiomyopathyCirc Res200698227127916357304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CappolaTPKassDANelsonGSAllopurinol improves myocardial efficiency in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathyCirculation2001104202407241111705816
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CingolaniHEPlastinoJAEscuderoEMMangalBBrownJPérezNGThe effect of xanthine oxidase inhibition upon ejection fraction in heart failure patients: La Plata StudyJ Card Fail200612749149816952781
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HareJMMangalBBrownJOPT-CHF InvestigatorsImpact of oxypurinol in patients with symptomatic heart failure. Results of the OPT-CHF studyJ Am Coll Cardiol200851242301230918549913
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NasrGMauriceCAllopurinol and global left myocardial function in heart failure patientsJ Cardiovasc Dis Res20101419119521264183
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GivertzMMMannDLLeeKLXanthine oxidase inhibition for hyperuricemic heart failure patients: design and rationale of the EXACT-HF studyCirc Heart Fail20136486286823861505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GivertzMMAnstromKJRedfieldMMNHLBI Heart Failure Clinical Research NetworkEffects of xanthine oxidase inhibition in hyperuricemic heart failure patients: the xanthine oxidase inhibition for hyperuricemic heart failure patients (EXACT-HF) studyCirculation2015131201763177125986447
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-DemerdashEAwadASTahaRMEl-HadyAMSayed-AhmedMMProbucol attenuates oxidative stress and energy decline in isoproterenol-induced heart failure in ratPharmacol Res200551431131815683744
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NakamuraREgashiraKMachidaYProbucol attenuates left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in tachycardia-induced heart failure: roles of oxidative stress and inflammationCirculation2002106336236712119254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SiaYTLapointeNParkerTGBeneficial effects of long-term use of the antioxidant probucol in heart failure in the ratCirculation2002105212549255512034664
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KjekshusJPedersenTROlssonAGFaergemanOPyoralaKThe effects of simvastatin on the incidence of heart failure in patients with coronary heart diseaseJ Card Fail199732492549547437
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. The long-term intervention with pravastatin in ischaemic disease (LIPID) study groupN Engl J Med199833919134913579841303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BaigentCKeechAKearneyPMCholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) CollaboratorsEfficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statinsLancet200536694931267127816214597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BaigentCBlackwellLEmbersonJEfficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trialsLancet201037697531670168121067804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GoASLeeWYYangJLoJCGurwitzJHStatin therapy and risks for death and hospitalization in chronic heart failureJAMA20062962105211117077375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AnkerSDClarkALWinklerRStatin use and survival in patients with chronic heart failure: results from two observational studies with 5200 patientsInt J Cardiol200611223424216846656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RayJGGongYSykoraKTuJVStatin use and survival outcomes in elderly patients with heart failureArch Intern Med2005165626715642876
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FoodyJShahRGalushaDMasoudiFAHavranekEPKrumholzHMStatin and mortality among elderly patients hospitalized with heart failureCirculation20061131086109216490817
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HognestadADicksteinKMyhreESnapinnSKjekshusJOPTIMAAL InvestigatorsEffect of combined statin and beta-blocker treatment on one-year morbidity and mortality after acute myocardial infarction associated with heart failureAm J Cardiol200493560360614996587
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YamadaTNodeKMineTLong-term effect of atorvastatin on neurohumoral activation and cardiac function in patients with chronic heart failure: a prospective randomized controlled studyAm Heart J200715361055.e10511055.e105517540209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bielecka-DabrowaAGochJHMikhailidisDPRyszJMaciejewskiMBanachMThe influence of atorvastatin on parameters of inflammation and function of the left ventricle in patients with dilated cardiomyopathyMed Sci Monit20091512MS12MS2319946241
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SolaSMirMQRajagopalanSHelmyTTandonNKhanBVStatin therapy is associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes and levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heart failureJ Card Fail200511860761216230264
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VrtovecBOkrajsekRGolicnikAAtorvastatin therapy may reduce the incidence of sudden cardiac death in patients with advanced chronic heart failureJ Card Fail200814214014418325461
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KjekshusJApetreiEBarriosVCORONA GroupRosuvastatin in older patients with systolic heart failureN Engl J Med2007357222248226117984166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TavazziLMaggioniAPMarchioliRGissi-HF InvestigatorsEffect of rosuvastatin in patients with chronic heart failure (the GISSI-HF trial): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trialLancet200837296451231123918757089
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GullestadLUelandTKjekshusJCORONA Study GroupGalectin-3 predicts response to statin therapy in the controlled rosuvastatin multinational trial in heart failure (CORONA)Eur Heart J201233182290229622513778
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ClelandJGMcMurrayJJKjekshusJCORONA Study GroupPlasma concentration of amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in chronic heart failure: prediction of cardiovascular events and interaction with the effects of rosuvastatin: a report from CORONA (controlled rosuvastatin multinational trial in heart failure)J Am Coll Cardiol200954201850185919892235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LipinskiMJCauthenCABiondi-ZoccaiGGMeta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of statins versus placebo in patients with heart failureAm J Cardiol2009104121708171619962481
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangSZhangLSunAJiangHQianJGeJEfficacy of statin therapy in chronic systolic cardiac insufficiency: a meta-analysisEur J Intern Med201122547848421925056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GastelurrutiaPLupónJde AntonioMStatins in heart failure: the paradox between large randomized clinical trials and real lifeMayo Clin Proc201287655556022677075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MaisonPDesamericqGHemeryFRelationship between recommended chronic heart failure treatments and mortality over 8 years in real-world conditions: a pharmacoepidemiological studyEur J Clin Pharmacol201269490190822993100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ThambidoraiSKDeshmukhARWaltersRWImpact of statin use on heart failure mortalityInt J Cardiol2011147343844320971517
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MasonRPWalterMFDayCAJacobRFIntermolecular differences of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibitors contribute to distinct pharmacologic and pleiotropic actionsAm J Cardiol2005965A11F23F
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SchachterMChemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of statins: an updateFundam Clin Pharmacol200519111712515660968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BonsuKOReidpathDDKadirveluAEffects of statin treatment on inflammation and cardiac function in heart failure: an adjusted indirect comparison meta-analysis of randomised trialsCardiovasc Ther201533633834626280110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BonsuKOKadirveluAReidpathDDLipophilic versus hydrophilic statin therapy for heart failure: a protocol for an adjusted indirect comparison meta-analysisSyst Rev201322223618535
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• BonsuKOReidpathDDKadirveluALipophilic statin versus rosuvastatin (hydrophilic) treatment for heart failure: a meta-analysis and adjusted indirect comparison of randomised trialsCardiovasc Drugs Ther Epub2016118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HuWJiangWBPitavastatin-attenuated cardiac dysfunction in mice with dilated cardiomyopathy via regulation of myocardial calcium handling proteinsActa Pharm201464110511524670355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• QiuZZhangWFanFRosuvastatin-attenuated heart failure in aged spontaneously hypertensive rats via PKCalpha/beta2 signal pathwayJ Cell Mol Med201216123052306122970977
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangWBDuQJLiHThe therapeutic effect of rosuvastatin on cardiac remodelling from hypertrophy to fibrosis during the end-stage hypertension in ratsJ Cell Mol Med20121692227223722288611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LochDChanVHoeyABrownLRosuvastatin attenuates heart failure and cardiac remodelling in the ageing spontaneously hypertensive ratBasic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol2009105426227019583711
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ChangSAKimYJLeeHWEffect of rosuvastatin on cardiac remodeling, function, and progression to heart failure in hypertensive heart with established left ventricular hypertrophyHypertension200954359159719564547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhengXHuSJEffects of simvastatin on cardiac performance and expression of sarcoplasmic reticular calcium regulatory proteins in rat heartActa Pharmacol Sin200526669670415916736
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YaoLChenGPLuXZhengLRMouYHuSJEffects of atorvastatin on calcium-regulating proteins: a possible mechanism to repair cardiac dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive ratsBasic Res Cardiol2009104325826818836677
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YangYMouYHuSJFuMBeneficial effect of rosuvastatin on cardiac dysfunction is associated with alterations in calcium-regulatory proteinsEur J Heart Fail200911161319147451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZouCLiuZQuFWITHDRAWN: simvastatin prevents decreased SERCA2a activity in non-ischemic heart failure in rabbits via inhibition of beta-adrenergic signalingBiomed Pharmacother Epub20101014
   Google Scholar
• OzturkNYarasNOzmenAOzdemirSLong-term administration of rosuvastatin prevents contractile and electrical remodelling of diabetic rat heartJ Bioenerg Biomembr201345434335223640692
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZouCQiHLiuZHHanLZhaoCYangXSimvastatin activates the PPARgamma-dependent pathway to prevent left ventricular hypertrophy associated with inhibition of RhoA signalingTex Heart Inst J201340214014723678211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WangJQWuGRWangZDaiXPLiXRLong-term clinical outcomes of statin use for chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis of 15 prospective studiesHeart Lung Circ201423210511323962886
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AlehagenUBensonLEdnerMDahlstromULundLHAssociation between use of statins and outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: prospective propensity score matched cohort study of 21 864 patients in the Swedish Heart Failure RegistryCirc Heart Fail20158225226025575580
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar