Alemtuzumab for the treatment of multiple sclerosis

References

• CompstonAColesAMultiple sclerosisLancet200837296481502151718970977
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Multiple Sclerosis TrustPrevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis Available from: http://www.mstrust.org.uk/atoz/prevalence_incidence.jspAccessed Januray 16, 2015
   Google Scholar
• Whetten-GoldsteinKSloanFAGoldsteinLBKulasEDA comprehensive assessment of the cost of multiple sclerosis in the United StatesMult Scler1998454194259839302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HirstCIngramGPickersgillTSwinglerRCompstonDARobertsonNPIncreasing prevalence and incidence of multiple sclerosis in South East WalesJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry200980438639118931003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SawcerSHellenthalGPirinenMGenetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosisNature2011476735921421921833088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PatsopoulosNABarcellosLFHintzenRQFine-mapping the genetic association of the major histocompatibility complex in multiple sclerosis: HLA and non-HLA effectsPLoS Genet2013911e100392624278027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZafranskayaMOschmannPEngelRInterferon-beta therapy reduces CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell reactivity in multiple sclerosisImmunology20071211293917239199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NeuhausOFarinaCYassouridisAMultiple sclerosis: comparison of copolymer-1-reactive T cell lines from treated and untreated subjects reveals cytokine shift from T helper 1 to T helper 2 cellsProc Natl Acad Sci U S A200097137452745710861011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JohnsonTALapierreYBar-OrAAntelJPDistinct properties of circulating CD8+ T cells in FTY720-treated patients with multiple sclerosisArch Neurol201067121449145521149809
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ColesAJCompstonDASelmajKWAlemtuzumab versus interferon beta-1a in early multiple sclerosisN Engl J Med2008359171786180118946064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GenzymeEuropean Commission approves Genzyme’s multiple sclerosis treatment Lemtrada™ (alemtuzumab) [press release]Cambridge, MAGenzyme2013 [September 17]. Available from: http://news.genzyme.com/press-release/european-commission-approves-genzymes-multiple-sclerosis-treatment-lemtrada-alemtuzumaAccessed January 12, 2015
   Google Scholar
• GenzymeGenzyme’s Lemtrada™ approved in Canada for tratement of multiple sclerosis [press release] Available from: http://news.genzyme.com/press-release/genzymes-lemtrada-approved-canada-treatment-multiple-sclerosisAccessed January 16, 2015
   Google Scholar
• GenzymeGenzyme’s Lemtrada™ approved in Australia for treatment of multiple sclerosis [press release] Available from: http://news.genzyme.com/press-release/genzymes-lemtrada-approved-australia-treatment-multiple-sclerosisAccessed January 16, 2015
   Google Scholar
• GenzymeGenzyme’s Lemtrada™ approved in Brazil for treatment of multiple sclerosis [press release] Available from: http://news.genzyme.com/press-release/genzymes-lemtrada-approved-brazil-treatment-multiple-sclerosisAccessed January 16, 2015
   Google Scholar
• GenzymeGenzyme’s Lemtrada^® approved in Mexico for treatment of multiple sclerosis [press release] Available from: http://news.genzyme.com/press-release/genzymes-lemtrada-approved-mexico-treatment-multiple-sclerosisAccessed January 16, 2015
   Google Scholar
• National Institute for Health and Care ExcellenceAlemtuzumab for Treating Relapsing-Remitting Multiple SclerosisLondon, UKNICE2014 Available from: http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta312/resources/guidance-alemtuzumab-for-treating-relapsingremitting-multiple-sclerosis-pdfAccessed January 16, 2014
   Google Scholar
• GenzymeGenzyme’s Lemtrada approved by the FDA [press release] Available from: http://news.genzyme.com/press-release/genzymes-lemtrada-approved-fdaAccessed January 16, 2015
   Google Scholar
• ColesAJCompstonAProduct licences for alemtuzumab and multiple sclerosisLancet2014383992086786824607095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ColesAJTwymanCLArnoldDLAlemtuzumab for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis after disease-modifying therapy: a randomised controlled phase 3 trialLancet201238098561829183923122650
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CohenJAColesAJArnoldDLAlemtuzumab versus interferon beta 1a as first-line treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a randomised controlled phase 3 trialLancet201238098561819182823122652
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HaleGRyePDWarfordALauderIBrito-BabapulleAThe glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lymphocyte antigen CDw52 is associated with the epididymal maturation of human spermatozoaJ Reprod Immunol19932321892057685389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HaleGThe CD52 antigen and development of the CAMPATH antibodiesCytotherapy20013313714312171721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RaoSPSanchoJCampos-RiveraJHuman peripheral blood mononuclear cells exhibit heterogeneous CD52 expression levels and show differential sensitivity to alemtuzumab mediated cytolysisPLoS One201276e3941622761788
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RowanWCHaleGTiteJPBrettSJCross-linking of the CAMPATH-1 antigen (CD52) triggers activation of normal human T lymphocytesInt Immunol19957169777718516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WatanabeTMasuyamaJSohmaYCD52 is a novel costimulatory molecule for induction of CD4+ regulatory T cellsClin Immunol2006120324725916797237
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KlotzLMeuthSGWiendlHImmune mechanisms of new therapeutic strategies in multiple sclerosis-A focus on alemtuzumabClin Immunol20121421253021550857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ColesADeansJCompstonACampath-1H treatment of multiple sclerosis: lessons from the bedside for the benchClin Neurol Neurosurg2004106327027415177782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SomerfieldJHill-CawthorneGALinAA novel strategy to reduce the immunogenicity of biological therapiesJ Immunol2010185176376820519651
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ColesAJAlemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosisSemin Neurol2013331667323709214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FoxEJAlemtuzumab in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosisExpert Rev Neurother201010121789179721091310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HuYTurnerMJShieldsJInvestigation of the mechanism of action of alemtuzumab in a human CD52 transgenic mouse modelImmunology2009128226027019740383
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kousin-EzewuOAzzopardiLParkerRAAccelerated lymphocyte recovery after alemtuzumab does not predict multiple sclerosis activityNeurology201482242158216424838790
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CossburnMDHardingKIngramGClinical relevance of differential lymphocyte recovery after alemtuzumab therapy for multiple sclerosisNeurology2013801556123243077
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RobertsonNScoldingNImmune reconstitution and treatment response in multiple sclerosis following alemtuzumabNeurology20142150215124838787
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ThompsonSAJonesJLCoxALCompstonDAColesAJB-cell reconstitution and BAFF after alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) treatment of multiple sclerosisJ Clin Immunol20103019910519763798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill-CawthorneGAButtonTTuohyOLong term lymphocyte reconstitution after alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosisJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry201283329830422056965
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CoxALThompsonSAJonesJLLymphocyte homeostasis following therapeutic lymphocyte depletion in multiple sclerosisEur J Immunol200535113332334216231285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZhangXTaoYChopraMDifferential reconstitution of T cell subsets following immunodepleting treatment with Alemtuzumab (Anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosisJ Immunol2013191125867587424198283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HavariETurnerMJCampos-RiveraJImpact of alemtuzumab treatment on the survival and function of human regulatory T cells in vitroImmunology2014141112313124116901
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FoxEArnoldDLCohenJDurable efficacy of alemtuzumab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients who participated in the CARE-MS studies: three-year follow-upNeurology201380Meeting abstracts 1S41.00123479543
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MoreauTThorpeJMillerDPreliminary evidence from magnetic resonance imaging for reduction in disease activity after lymphocyte depletion in multiple sclerosisLancet199434489182983017914262
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coles aJWingMGMolyneuxPMonoclonal antibody treatment exposes three mechanisms underlying the clinical course of multiple sclerosisAnn Neurol199946329630410482259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ColesAJCoxALe PageEThe window of therapeutic opportunity in multiple sclerosis: evidence from monoclonal antibody therapyJ Neurol200625319810816044212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HirstCLPaceAPickersgillTPCampath 1-H treatment in patients with aggressive relapsing remitting multiple sclerosisJ Neurol2008255223123818283404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FoxEJSullivanHCGazdaSKA single-arm, open-label study of alemtuzumab in treatment-refractory patients with multiple sclerosisEur J Neurol201219230731121899662
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonaldWICompstonAEdanGRecommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosisAnn Neurol200150112112711456302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KurtzkeJFRating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS)Neurology19833311144414526685237
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ColesAJFoxEVladicAAlemtuzumab more effective than interferon β-1a at 5-year follow-up of CAMMS223 clinical trialNeurology201278141069107822442431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ColesAJFoxEVladicAAlemtuzumab versus interferon β-1a in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: post-hoc and subset analyses of clinical efficacy outcomesLancet Neurol201110433834821397567
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HavrdovaEArnoldDLPalmerJMargolinDHFC1.4 Disease-free outcomes with alemtuzumab: 3-year followup of the CARE-MS studies. In: 2014 Joint ACTRIMS-ECTRIMS Meeting (MSBoston 2014): oral presentationsMult Scler2014201 suppl146625205047
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ColesAJArnoldDLCohenJAP090 Efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in treatment-naive patients with relapsing-remitting MS: four-year followup of the CARE-MS I study. Poster presented at 2014 Joint ACTRIMS-ECTRIMS Meeting (MSBoston 2014)Mult Scler2014201 suppl6728425205048
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• HartungHPArnoldDLCohenJAP043 Efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in patients with relapsing-remitting MS who relapsed on prior therapy: four-year follow-up of the CARE-MS II study. Poster presented at 2014 Joint ACTRIMS-ECTRIMS Meeting (MSBoston 2014)Mult Scler2014201 Suppl6728425205048
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GenzymeAt four years, treatment effect maintained in more than two-thirds of patients who received Genzymes’ Lemtrada in pivotal studies [press release] Available from: http://news.genzyme.com/press-release/four-years-treatment-effect-maintained-more-two-thirds-patients-who-received-genzymes-Accessed January 16, 2015
   Google Scholar
• TuohyOCostelloeLHill-CawthorneGAlemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis: long-term safety and efficacyJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry201586220821524849515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WillisMDHardingKEWardleMPickersgillTTomassiniVRobertsonNPAlemtuzumab: long term follow-up in a single centre cohortJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry20148510e410.1136/jnnp-2014-309236.7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JonesJLThompsonSALohPHuman autoimmunity after lymphocyte depletion is caused by homeostatic T-cell proliferationProc Natl Acad Sci U S A201311050202002020524282306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DanielsGHVladicABrinarVAlemtuzumab-related thyroid dysfunction in a phase 2 trial of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosisJ Clin Endocrinol Metab2014991808924170099
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ColesAJWingMSmithSPulsed monoclonal antibody treatment and autoimmune thyroid disease in multiple sclerosisLancet199935491911691169510568572
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CossburnMPaceAAJonesJAutoimmune disease after alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis in a multicenter cohortNeurology201177657357921795656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemtrada (alemtuzumab)Summary of Product CharacteristicsGenzyme Therapeutics Ltd2013
   Google Scholar
• Lemtrada (alemtuzumab)Product InformationSanofi-Aventis Australia Pty Ltd2014
   Google Scholar
• ClatworthyMRWallinEFJayneDRAnti-glomerular basement membrane disease after alemtuzumabN Engl J Med2008359776876918703487
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JonesJLPhuahCCoxALIL-21 drives secondary autoimmunity in patients with multiple sclerosis, following therapeutic lymphocyte depletion with alemtuzumab (Campath-1H)J Clin Invest200911972052206119546505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TurnerMJLamorteMJChretienNImmune status following alemtuzumab treatment in human CD52 transgenic miceJ Neuroimmunol20132611–2293623759318
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PaceAAZajicekJPMelanoma following treatment with alemtuzumab for multiple sclerosisEur J Neurol2009164e70e7119222552
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MoreauTColesAWingMTransient increase in symptoms associated with cytokine release in patients with multiple sclerosisBrain19961192252378624684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemtrada (alemtuzumab)Product MonographGenzyme Canada2013
   Google Scholar
• National Multiple Sclerosis SocietyFDA approves Lemtrada™ (alemtuzumab) for relapsing MS-update Available from: http://www.nationalmssociety.org/About-the-Society/News/FDA-Approves-Lemtrada%E2%84%A2-%28alemtuzumab%29-for-RelapsingAccessed January 16, 2015
   Google Scholar
• McCarthyCLTuohyOCompstonDAKumararatneDSColesAJJonesJLImmune competence after alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosisNeurology2013811087287623925762
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GenzymeGenzyme’s Lemtrada approved in Argentina for treatment of multiple sclerosis [press release] Available from: http://news.genzyme.com/press-release/genzymes-lemtrada-approved-argentina-treatment-multiple-sclerosisAccessed January 16, 2015
   Google Scholar
• GenzymeGenzyme in the UK: UK news Available from: http://www.genzyme.co.uk/corp-info/news/local.aspx?id=070714Accessed January 16, 2015
   Google Scholar